Knee meniscus

PURPOSE: There are few descriptions of outcomes after posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction in the literature due to the rarity of this type of knee injury. Since 2005, the Danish Knee Ligament Reconstruction Registry (DKRR) has monitored outcomes of PCL reconstructions. This study describes the epidemiology of PCL reconstruction and subsequent outcomes in a Danish population. METHODS: Of 23,253 knee ligament reconstructions performed in 2005-2015, 581 were registered as PCL reconstructions in the DKRR...

Runx2 may play an important role in development of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the specific role of Runx2 in articular chondrocyte function and in OA development in adult mice has not been fully defined. In this study, we performed the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery at 12-week-old mice to induce OA in adult Runx2 (Agc1CreER) mice, in which Runx2 was specifically deleted in Aggrecan-expressing chondrocytes by administering tamoxifen at 8-weeks of age. Knee joint samples were collected 8- and 12-weeks post-surgery and analyzed through histology, histomorphometry and micro-computed tomography (μCT)...

BACKGROUND: Injury to the anterolateral ligament (ALL) has been reported to contribute to high-grade anterolateral laxity after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Failure to address ALL injury has been suggested as a cause of persistent rotational laxity after ACL reconstruction. Lateral meniscus posterior root (LMPR) tears have also been shown to cause increased internal rotation of the knee. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: The purpose of this study was to determine the functional relationship between the ALL and LMPR in the control of internal rotation of the ACL-deficient knee...

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to introduce our technical modification for concomitant meniscus transplantation and ACL reconstruction with preliminary results of our cases. METHODS: The current study comprised of two sections: first is the cadaveric study of 20 specimens. The distances between tunnel entry and exit points of tunnels for 27 meniscal transplants and ACL reconstruction in CT slices were measured. The second section was evaluation of our cases including six patients...

A 29-year-old man with a previous football injury to his left knee presented with pain of the same knee. The patient twisted it as he was turning a corner quickly while going up the stairs, leading to internal rotation of his femur on his tibia with his knee in flexion. MR imaging revealed a bucket-handle tear of the medial meniscus, as well as a complete tear of the anterior cruciate ligament. However, image interpretation was complicated by the presence of a medial oblique meniscomeniscal ligament, a rare normal variant among intermeniscal ligaments of the knee...

[Purpose] To investigate the relationship between the lateral tibial rotation angle during knee joint flexion and the medial and lateral hamstring muscle thickness ratio during knee joint extension while resting, doing nothing, in upright standing position. The lateral tibial torsion is an important factor of orthopedic knee joint diseases as well as other weight bearing joint diseases such as osteoarthritis, meniscus syndrome, anterior cruciate ligament rupture, etc. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty healthy young adults participated in this study...

[Purpose] Chondrocytes in articular cartilage are aligned as columns from the joint surface. Notably, loss of chondrocyte and abnormalities of differentiation factors give rise to osteoarthritis (OA). However, the relationship between chondrocyte alignment and OA progression remains unclear. This study was performed to investigate temporal alterations in surgically-induced OA rats. [Subjects and Methods] Thirteen-week-old Wistar rats (n=30) underwent destabilized medial meniscus surgery in their right knee and sham surgery in their left knee...

Fascial Manipulation(®) (FM) is a manual therapy approach for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. Anomalous fascial tension is common following surgery due to surgical scar, inadequate mobility and fear of movement. Fascial tension may result in pain and loss of mobility. This case report aims at investigating the effectiveness of FM(®) on pain and function in a patient following knee surgery. A 32 years old male patient, with persisting knee pain following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (hamstring graft) and meniscal repair, underwent the systematic FM(®) assessment process, the selected centers of coordination of myofascial units were treated...

INTRODUCTION: Existing data indicate knee menisci in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) show tearing, maceration, and fragmentation, but little is known about the change in histological structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate change in the menisci histological structure in patients with clinically diagnosed knee OA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients undergoing surgical treatment of knee OA (OA group) and 14 cadaveric knees (control group) were assessed...

PURPOSE: Longitudinal cohort studies of knee OA aetiology use MRI to assess meniscal extrusion within the same knee at sequential time points. A validated method of assessment is required to ensure that extrusion is measured at the same location within the knee at each time point. Absolute perpendicular extrusion from the tibial edge can be assessed using the reference standard of segmentation of the tibia and medial meniscus. This is labour intensive and unsuitable for large cohorts...

OBJECTIVE: To assess if arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) is superior to placebo surgery in the treatment of patients with degenerative tear of the medial meniscus. METHODS: In this multicentre, randomised, participant-blinded and outcome assessor-blinded, placebo-surgery controlled trial, 146 adults, aged 35-65 years, with knee symptoms consistent with degenerative medial meniscus tear and no knee osteoarthritis were randomised to APM or placebo surgery. The primary outcome was the between-group difference in the change from baseline in the Western Ontario Meniscal Evaluation Tool (WOMET) and Lysholm knee scores and knee pain after exercise at 24 months after surgery...

BACKGROUND: Prior studies describe histological and immunohistochemical differences in collagen and proteoglycan content in different meniscal zones. The aim of this study is to evaluate horizontal and vertical zonal differentiation of T1rho and T2 relaxation times of the entire meniscus from volunteers without symptom and imaging abnormality. METHODS: Twenty volunteers age between 19 and 38 who have no knee-related clinical symptoms, and no history of prior knee surgeries were enrolled in this study...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the morphometric changes of the subchondral bone during the development of osteoarthritis (OA) in transgenic mice with achondroplasia (Fgfr3(ach) ) carrying a heterozygous gain-of-function mutation in Fgfr3. Two OA models (spontaneously developed with age: the aging model, and surgically induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus: the DMM model) were established. Articular cartilage, epiphysis and metaphysis of the knee joint were histologically and morphometrically compared between wild-type mice and Fgfr3(ach) mice in both OA models...

AIM: Identify injury-related, patient-reported and treatment-related prognostic factors for 5-year outcomes in acutely ACL-ruptured individuals managed with early reconstruction plus exercise therapy, exercise therapy plus delayed reconstruction or exercise therapy alone. METHODS: Exploratory analysis of the Knee Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Nonsurgical versus Surgical Treatment (KANON) trial (ISRCTN84752559). Relationships between prognostic factors (baseline cartilage, meniscus and osteochondral damage, baseline extension deficit, baseline patient-reported outcomes, number of rehabilitation visits, graft/contralateral ACL rupture, non-ACL surgery and ACL treatment strategy) and 5-year Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) pain, symptoms, sport/recreation and quality of life (QOL) scores were explored using multivariable linear regression...

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells derived from the synovial membrane (synovial MSCs) are a candidate cell source for regenerative medicine of cartilage and menisci due to their high chondrogenic ability. Regenerative medicine can be expected for RA patients with the inflammation well-controlled as well as OA patients and transplantation of synovial MSCs would also be a possible therapeutic treatment. Some properties of synovial MSCs vary dependent on the diseases patients have, and whether or not the pathological condition of RA affects the chondrogenesis of synovial MSCs remains controversial...

BACKGROUND: Joint inflammation causes meniscus degeneration and can exacerbate post-traumatic meniscus injuries by extracellular matrix degradation, cellular de-differentiation and cell death. The aim of this study was to examine whether anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 exerts protective effects in an in vitro model of TNF-α-induced meniscus degeneration. METHODS: Meniscus tissue was harvested from the knees of adult cows. After 24 h of equilibrium explants were simultaneously treated with bovine TNF-α and IL-10...

BACKGROUND: Meniscal root tears cause menisci and their insertions to inadequately distribute loads and potentially leave underlying articular cartilage unprotected. Untreated meniscal root tears are becoming increasingly recognized to induce joint degradation; however, little information is known about anterior meniscal root tears and how they affect joint tissue. PURPOSE: To observe the early degenerative changes within the synovial fluid, menisci, tibial articular cartilage, and subchondral bone after arthroscopic creation of untreated anterior meniscal root tears...

INTRODUCTION: Lipoma arborescens (LA) is an uncommon condition that consists of a villous lipomatous proliferation of the synovial membrane. Open synovectomy has been previously selected as a curative treatment option. In recent years, some authors have published good results with arthroscopic interventions. We describe a well-documented case of bilateral LA of the knees treated with staged arthroscopic synovectomy. CASE REPORT: A 48-year-old North American woman without a history of trauma presented with recurrent effusions and mild pain in both knee joints for many years...

OBJECTIVES: Meniscus tears are one of the most common knee injuries. Our goal is to investigate the failure rate for surgically repaired bucket-handle meniscus tears and compare clinical outcomes of repairs that failed versus those that did not, at a minimum 2-year follow-up interval. METHODS: 51 patients were identified in this retrospective cohort study who experienced bucket-handle meniscus tears that were isolated or with concomitant ACL injury. Inclusion criteria included age range from 13-55 years, confirmed bucket-handle meniscus tear by MRI and intraoperatively, and at least two-years of post-operative follow-up following index repair...

PURPOSE: To critically analyze the "lever test" in detecting anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears and to compare its accuracy with the Lachman, anterior drawer (AD), and pivot shift tests. METHODS: From June 2014 to June 2015, 91 subjects were analyzed. Inclusion criteria were subjects aged 16 to 60 years, presenting after a knee injury with subjective swelling, or an objective effusion and an uninjured normal contralateral knee for comparison. Exclusion criteria included previous knee ligamentous reconstruction, fracture of the distal femur or proximal tibia, bilateral knee injuries, or known cruciate ligament tear...