keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495022/perceived-impacts-of-wildlife-on-agropastoral-food-production-in-northern-tanzania
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Justin Raycraft
Human-wildlife interactions can affect human wellbeing and wildlife population persistence. This paper addresses the perceived impacts of wildlife on agropastoral food production in the Tarangire ecosystem of northern Tanzania. It is based on sixteen months of collaborative ethnographic fieldwork with agropastoral Maasai communities (2019-2020; 2022; 2023), 240 semi-structured interviews, and a household survey ( n  = 1076). People felt that caterpillars, elephants, and zebras had the most significant effects on crop production, while hyenas were responsible for the bulk of livestock depredation by carnivores...
March 18, 2024: Ecology of Food and Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494953/advancing-high-throughput-ms-based-protein-quantification-a-case-study-on-quantifying-10-major-food-allergens-by-lc-ms-ms-using-a-one-sample-multipoint-external-calibration-curve
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shupeng Yang, Haopeng Lin, Peijie Yang, Junhong Meng, Mohamed F Abdallah, Yingnan Shencheng, Ruohan Li, Jianxun Li, Shuyan Liu, Qianqian Li, Peng Lu, Rong Zhang, Yi Li
The LC-MS-based method has emerged as the preferred approach for quantifying food allergens. However, the preparation of a traditional calibration curve (MSCC) is labor-intensive and error-prone. Here, a sensitive and robust LC-MS/MS method for quantifying 10 major food allergens was developed and validated, where the one-sample multipoint external calibration curve (OSCC) was employed instead of MSCC. By employing the multiple isotopologue reaction monitoring (MIRM) technique with only one spiked level in the blank, OSCC can be effectively established...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494946/novel-aminocoumarin-derivatives-against-phytopathogenic-fungi-design-synthesis-and-structure-activity-relationships
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pengzhi Sun, Jiangping Pu, Dongyu Lei, Jiashan Li, Xingyu Ren, Lu Jin, le Pan
Phytopathogenic fungi is the most devastating reason for the decrease of the agricultural production and food safety. To develop new fungicidal agents for resistance concerning, a novel series of aminocoumarin derivatives were synthesized and their fungicidal activity were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), RNA-Seq, 3D-QSAR and molecular docking were applied to reveal the underlying anti-fungal mechanisms. Most of the compounds exhibited significant fungicidal activity...
March 18, 2024: Chemistry & Biodiversity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494786/the-story-of-a-decade-genomics-functional-genomics-and-molecular-breeding-in-brassica-napus
#24
REVIEW
Jianwei Gu, Zhilin Guan, Yushun Jiao, Kede Liu, Dengfeng Hong
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is one of the major global sources for edible vegetable oil and is also utilized in feeding, pioneer crop, sightseeing and industrial purposes. With the improvement of genome sequencing and molecular marker technology, functional genomic studies associated with major agronomic characters such as yield, quality, flowering time, and resistance to stresses have been rapidly booming. Moreover, introgression and pyramiding of key functional genes have greatly accelerated the genetic improvement of traits of importance...
March 16, 2024: Plant communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494751/mitigation-strategies-for-heavy-metal-toxicity-and-its-negative-effects-on-soil-and-plants
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Quanheng Li, Imran
Heavy metal pollution threatens food security by accumulating in crops and soils, posing a significant challenge to modern agriculture due to its high toxicity. Urgent action is needed to restore affected agricultural fields. An efficient way to remove toxins is by bioremediation, which uses microorganisms. With the purpose of restoring soil in agriculture, this research attempts to assemble a consortium of microorganisms isolated from techno-genic soil. A number of promising strains, including Pseudomonas putida , Pantoea sp...
March 17, 2024: International Journal of Phytoremediation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494698/dissection-of-rhizosphere-microbiome-and-exploiting-strategies-for-sustainable-agriculture
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weibing Xun, Yunpeng Liu, Aiyuan Ma, He Yan, Youzhi Miao, Jiahui Shao, Nan Zhang, Zhihui Xu, Qirong Shen, Ruifu Zhang
The rhizosphere microbiome plays critical roles in plant growth and provides promising solutions for sustainable agriculture. While the rhizosphere microbiome frequently fluctuates with the soil environment, recent studies have demonstrated that a small proportion of the microbiome is consistently assembled in the rhizosphere of a specific plant genotype regardless of the soil condition, which is determined by host genetics. Based on these breakthroughs, which involved exploiting the plant-beneficial function of the rhizosphere microbiome, we propose to divide the rhizosphere microbiome into environment-dominated and plant genetic-dominated components based on their different assembly mechanisms...
March 17, 2024: New Phytologist
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494694/large-yellow-tea-polysaccharide-alleviates-hfd-induced-intestinal-homeostasis-dysbiosis-via-modulating-gut-barrier-integrity-immune-responses-and-the-gut-microbiome
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Ma, Hai Xie, Na Xu, Minni Li, Lan Wang, Huifang Ge, Zhongwen Xie, Daxiang Li, Hongyan Wang
Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) will induce dysbiosis and a disturbance of intestinal homeostasis. Large yellow tea polysaccharide (LYP) has been shown to improve obesity-associated metabolic disease via modulation of the M2 polarization. However, the contribution of LYP to intestinal barrier impairment and improvement mechanisms in obesity caused by an HFD are still not clear. In this study, we evaluated the impacts of LYP on the mucosal barrier function and microbiota composition in HFD-feeding mice. Results exhibited that dietary LYP supplement could ameliorate the physical barrier function via maintaining intestinal mucosal integrity and elevating tight-junction protein production, strengthen the chemical barrier function via up-regulating the levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 and increasing mucin-producing goblet cell numbers, and enhance the intestinal immune barrier function though suppressing immune cell subsets and cytokines toward pro-inflammatory phenotypes...
March 17, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494653/understanding-differential-reductions-in-undernutrition-among-districts-in-rwanda-through-the-perspectives-of-mid-level-and-community-actors-on-policy-commitment-and-policy-coherence
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elyse Iruhiriye, Edward A Frongillo, Deanna K Olney, Emmanuel Niyongira, Simeon Nanama, Christine E Blake, Eugene Rwibasira, Paul Mbonyi
Understanding the drivers of improvements in child undernutrition at only the national level can mask subnational differences. This paper aimed to understand the contributions of factors in the enabling environment to observed differences in stunting reduction between districts in Rwanda. In 2017, we conducted 58 semi-structured interviews with mid-level actors (n = 38) and frontline workers (n = 20) implementing Rwanda's multi-sectoral nutrition policy in five districts in which stunting decreased (reduced districts) and five where it increased or stagnated (non-reduced districts) based on Rwanda's 2010 and 2014/15 Demographic and Health Surveys...
March 17, 2024: Maternal & Child Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494650/recapturing-communicative-erasure-black-women-farmers-lived-experience-political-voice-and-cultural-knowledge-as-critical-health-communication-praxis
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew Carter, Garrett Broad, Vanessa Reeves
In this paper, we conduct a case study analysis of the National Women in Agriculture Association (NWIAA), an international, Black women-led farm assistance organization founded in 2008 and based in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Drawing on the Culture-Centered Approach (CCA) and grounded in interviews and observational fieldwork, we center the perspectives of NWIAA chapter leaders ( n  = 16) to examine how they describe motivations for farming, challenge power inequities, engage with intersectional barriers, and develop locally situated solutions across agricultural and community health contexts...
March 17, 2024: Health Communication
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494644/linker-based-pharmacophoric-design-and-semisynthesis-of-labdane-conjugates-active-against-multi-faceted-inflammatory-targets
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sangeetha Mohan, Lekshmy Krishnan, Nithya Madhusoodanan, Anjali Sobha, Renjitha Jalaja, Alaganandam Kumaran, Naveen Vankadari, Jayamurthy Purushothaman, Sasidhar B Somappa
Prolonged inflammation leads to the genesis of various inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's, etc. The uncontrolled inflammatory response is characterized by the excessive release of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1alpha (IL-1α), and inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Hence, the downregulation of these inflammatory mediators is an active therapy to control aberrant inflammation and tissue damage...
March 17, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494630/shrimp-cultured-in-low-salt-saline-alkali-water-has-a-better-amino-acid-nutrition-and-umami%C3%A2-comparison-of-flavors-between-saline-alkali-water-and-seawater-cultured-litopenaeus-vannamei
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kangxiang Qin, Weihao Feng, Zhaoxiong Ji, Xiaosong Jiang, Yun Hu, Yuntao Li, Chenxi Che, Chunlin Wang, Changkao Mu, Huan Wang
The advantages of Litopenaeus vannamei farming in saline-alkali water have gradually attracted attention, but few studies have focused on its flavor. In this study, L. vannamei cultured in saline-alkali water (SS) and ordinary seawater (CS) (both have a breeding time of 120 days) were selected for analysis ( n = 5). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure free amino acids and flavoring nucleotides in the muscles of L. vannamei , while the taste activity value (TAV) and equivalent umami concentration (EUC) were used to analyze the degree of umami...
March 17, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494569/mitigation-of-arsenic-accumulation-in-crop-plants-using-biofertilizer
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anh T P Hoang, Kyoung-Woong Kim
Elevated levels of arsenic in crop plants have been found in various regions worldwide, especially where agricultural soils have been affected by arsenic-enriched aquifers and human activities including mining, smelting, and pesticide application. Given the highly toxic nature of arsenic, remediation should be carried out immediately to reduce this potentially toxic element transport from soil to crop plants. This study focused on the utilization of biofertilizer which is a combination of arsenic-accumulating microorganisms and adsorbent (carrier) in order to achieve high efficiency of arsenic immobilization and ability to apply in the field...
March 18, 2024: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494540/phytohormones-mediated-strategies-for-mitigation-of-heavy-metals-toxicity-in-plants-focused-on-sustainable-production
#33
REVIEW
Yumang Zhang, Chunyuan Yang, Shuxia Liu, Zhonglei Xie, Hongyan Chang, Tong Wu
In this manuscript, authors reviewed and explore the information on beneficial role of phytohormones to mitigate adverse effects of heavy metals toxicity in plants. Global farming systems are seriously threatened by heavy metals (HMs) toxicity, which can result in decreased crop yields, impaired food safety, and negative environmental effects. A rise in curiosity has been shown recently in creating sustainable methods to reduce HMs toxicity in plants and improve agricultural productivity. To accomplish this, phytohormones, which play a crucial role in controlling plant development and adaptations to stress, have emerged as intriguing possibilities...
March 18, 2024: Plant Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494539/crop-bioengineering-via-gene-editing-reshaping-the-future-of-agriculture
#34
REVIEW
Mohamed Atia, Wenjun Jiang, Khalid Sedeek, Haroon Butt, Magdy Mahfouz
Genome-editing technologies have revolutionized research in plant biology, with major implications for agriculture and worldwide food security, particularly in the face of challenges such as climate change and increasing human populations. Among these technologies, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats [CRISPR]-CRISPR-associated protein [Cas] systems are now widely used for editing crop plant genomes. In this review, we provide an overview of CRISPR-Cas technology and its most significant applications for improving crop sustainability...
March 18, 2024: Plant Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494370/m%C3%A3-nage-%C3%A3-trois-light-terpenoids-and-quality-of-plants
#35
REVIEW
Willy Contreras-Avilés, Ep Heuvelink, Leo F M Marcelis, Iris F Kappers
In controlled environment agriculture (CEA), light is used to impact terpenoid production and improve plant quality. In this review we discuss various aspects of light as important regulators of terpenoid production in different plant organs. Spectral quality primarily modifies terpenoid profiles, while intensity and photoperiod influence abundances. The central regulator of light signal transduction elongated hypocotyl 5 (HY5) controls transcriptional regulation of terpenoids under UV, red (R), and blue (B) light...
March 16, 2024: Trends in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494258/meta-analysis-of-biodynamic-bd-preparations-reveal-the-bacterial-population-involved-in-improving-soil-health-crop-yield-and-quality
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Supriya Vaish, Sumit K Soni, Balvindra Singh, Neelima Garg, Iffat Zareen Ahmad, Muthukumar Manoharan, Ajaya Kumar Trivedi
BACKGROUND: Bacterial community found in biodynamic preparations (BD500-BD507) can help improve soil health, plant development, yield, and quality. The current work describes a metagenomic investigation of these preparations to identify the bacterial communities along with the functional diversity present within them. RESULTS: Metagenome sequencing was performed using the Illumina MiSeq platform, which employs next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, to provide an understanding of the bacterial communities and their functional diversity in BD preparations...
March 2024: Journal, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494059/prophylactic-activity-of-orally-administered-dry-heat-sterilized-acremonium-egyptiacum-against-trypanosoma-congolense-induced-animal-african-trypanosomosis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ai Yamazaki, Yusuke Tanaka, Kenichi Watanabe, Mayu Sato, Shin-Ichiro Kawazu, Kiyoshi Kita, Noboru Inoue, Helena D Janse van Rensburg, David D N'Da, Keisuke Suganuma
Animal African trypanosomosis (AAT) is an important global disease of livestock that causes economic losses of up to 4.5 billion US dollars per year. Thus, eliminating AAT in endemic countries will improve agricultural productivity and economic growth. To prevent AAT, vector control and the development of prophylactic drugs are crucial. Ascofuranone (AF) is a bioactive fungal compound with proven in vitro trypanocidal potency and in vivo treatment efficacy. However, the complex stereoselective synthesis of AF has prevented its cost-effective industrial production...
March 15, 2024: Acta Tropica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494025/exposure-to-the-environmental-pollutant-chlorpyrifos-induces-hepatic-toxicity-through-activation-of-the-jak-stat-and-mapk-pathways
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huiyang Fu, Yao Ge, Xiyuan Liu, Siwei Deng, Jun Li, Peng Tan, Ying Yang, Zhenlong Wu
Chlorpyrifos (CHP) is an inexpensive highly effective organophosphate insecticide used worldwide. The unguided and excessive use of CHP by farmers has led to its significant accumulation in crops as well as contamination of water sources, causing health problems for humans and animals. Therefore, this study evaluated the toxicological effects of exposure to the environmental pollutant CHP at low, medium, and high (2.5, 5, and 10 mg·kg-1 BW) levels on rat liver by examining antioxidant levels, inflammation, and apoptosis based on the no observed adverse effect levels (NOAEL) (1 mg·kg-1 BW) and the CHP dose that does not cause any visual symptoms (5 mg·kg-1 BW)...
March 15, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494001/biochar-enhanced-anaerobic-mixed-culture-for-biodegradation-of-1-2-dichloroethane-microbial-community-mechanisms-and-techno-economics
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Khaled Hasanan, Omnia A Badr, Rasha El-Meihy, Mahmoud Nasr, Ahmed Elmitwalli
While anaerobic digestion (AD) has been employed for the degradation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, the associated digester performance might suffer from volatile fatty acids accumulation, insufficient substrate-microbes interaction, and lower biogas yields. To overcome these limitations, this study is the first to augment the hydrocarbon-degrading microbial capacities by adding agricultural waste-based biochar to the digestion medium. 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) was selected as the target pollutant because it is discharged in large quantities from oil refining, petrochemical, and chemical industries, causing serious environmental and human health concerns...
March 15, 2024: Chemosphere
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493880/the-abcg2-protein-in-vitro-transports-the-xenobiotic-thiabendazole-and-increases-the-appearance-of-its-residues-in-milk
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Álvarez-Fernández, Esther Blanco-Paniagua, Alicia Millán-García, Miriam Velasco-Díez, Ana I Álvarez, Gracia Merino
Thiabendazole (TBZ) is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic and fungicide used in humans, animals, and agricultural commodities. TBZ residues are present in crops and animal products, including milk, posing a risk to food safety and public health. ABCG2 is a membrane transporter which affects bioavailability and milk secretion of xenobiotics. Therefore, the aim of this work was to characterize the role of ABCG2 in the in vitro transport and secretion into milk of 5-hydroxythiabendazole (5OH-TBZ), the main TBZ metabolite...
March 15, 2024: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
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