keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493413/biotransformation-approach-to-produce-rare-ginsenosides-f1-compound-mc1-and-rd2-from-major-ginsenosides
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengxue Diao, Yanchi Chen, Lijun Meng, Jianxiu Li, Nengzhong Xie
The stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng contain high saponins, but they are often discarded as agricultural waste. In this study, the predominant ginsenosides Rg1, Rc, and Rb2, presented in the stems and leaves of ginseng plants, were biotransformed into value-added rare ginsenosides F1, compound Mc1 (C-Mc1), and Rd2, respectively. A fungal strain YMS6 (Penicillium sp.) was screened from the soil as a biocatalyst with high selectivity for the deglycosylation of major ginsenosides. Under the optimal fermentation conditions, the yields of F1, C-Mc1, and Rd2 were 97...
March 17, 2024: Archives of Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493219/multi-trait-selection-for-nutritional-and-physiological-quality-of-cacao-genotypes-in-irrigated-and-non-irrigated-environments
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maurício S Araújo, Saulo F S Chaves, Guilherme R Pereira, Matheus H D Guimarães, Andressa K S Alves, Luiz Antônio S Dias, Carlos A S Souza, Marco A G Aguilar
Water is a scarce, strategic resource and the most important input for economic development, especially in agricultural countries such as Brazil. Cocoa production is directly related to water availability, and, as climate changes, selecting drought-tolerant genotypes is vital to keep cacao crops sustainable. Here, we evaluated cacao genotypes under irrigated and water-stressed conditions and selected drought-tolerant ones based on nutritional and physiological traits. Thirty-nine genotypes were monitored for three years for agronomic traits and higher fruit yield...
March 16, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493184/effect-of-silicon-nanoparticle-based-biochar-on-wheat-growth-antioxidants-and-nutrients-concentration-under-salinity-stress
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sidra Gill, Musarrat Ramzan, Gul Naz, Liaqat Ali, Subhan Danish, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Saleh H Salmen
Globally, salinity is an important abiotic stress in agriculture. It induced oxidative stress and nutritional imbalance in plants, resulting in poor crop productivity. Applying silicon (Si) can improve the uptake of macronutrients. On the other hand, using biochar as a soil amendment can also decrease salinity stress due to its high porosity, cation exchange capacity, and water-holding capacity. That's why the current experiment was conducted with novelty to explore the impact of silicon nanoparticle-based biochar (Si-BC) on wheat cultivated on salt-affected soil...
March 16, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493134/indoxacarb-poisoning-causing-methemoglobinemia-treated-with-parenteral-vitamin-c-a-case-report
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lokesh Koumar Sivanandam, H Arunkumar, Pranay Marlecha, Varsha Madamanchi, Chanchal Maheshwari, Mohammed Quader Naseer, Vivek Sanker, Tirth Dave
INTRODUCTION: This case study reports on a suicide attempt involving indoxacarb and vitamin C. Indoxacarb is a neurotoxic insecticide used in agriculture and as a flea controller in pets. Cotton, vegetables, and fruits are treated with indoxacarb, an insecticide that can be applied both indoors and outdoors. It causes skin allergies, methemoglobinemia, and hemolytic anemia. It is also attributed to allergic reactions through ingestion, inhalation, physical contact, and translaminar action...
March 17, 2024: Journal of Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493086/engineering-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-for-targeted-hydrolysis-and-fermentation-of-glucuronoxylan-through-crispr-cas9-genome-editing
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonas L Ravn, João H C Manfrão-Netto, Jana B Schaubeder, Luca Torello Pianale, Stefan Spirk, Iván F Ciklic, Cecilia Geijer
BACKGROUND: The abundance of glucuronoxylan (GX) in agricultural and forestry residual side streams positions it as a promising feedstock for microbial conversion into valuable compounds. By engineering strains of the widely employed cell factory Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the ability to directly hydrolyze and ferment GX polymers, we can avoid the need for harsh chemical pretreatments and costly enzymatic hydrolysis steps prior to fermentation. However, for an economically viable bioproduction process, the engineered strains must efficiently express and secrete enzymes that act in synergy to hydrolyze the targeted polymers...
March 16, 2024: Microbial Cell Factories
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492971/mitigating-imported-fuel-dependency-in-agricultural-production-case-study-of-an-island-nation-s-vulnerability-to-global-catastrophic-risks
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matt Boyd, Sam Ragnarsson, Simon Terry, Ben Payne, Nick Wilson
A major global catastrophe would likely disrupt trade in liquid fuels. Countries dependent on imported oil products might struggle to sustain industrial agriculture. Island nations importing 100% of refined fuels are particularly vulnerable. Our case study aimed to estimate the agricultural land area and biofuel volumes needed to feed the population of New Zealand in the absence of trade. Results showed that stored diesel would quickly be exhausted with ordinary use (weeks) and even with strict rationing (months)...
March 16, 2024: Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492836/a-blood-based-multi-biomarker-approach-reveals-different-physiological-responses-of-common-kestrels-to-contrasting-environments
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Giovanetti, Ilaria Caliani, Gianluca Damiani, Giacomo Dell'Omo, David Costantini, Silvia Casini
The increase of urbanization and agricultural activities is causing a dramatic reduction of natural environments. As a consequence, animals need to physiologically adjust to these novel environments, in order to exploit them for foraging and breeding. The aim of this work was to compare the physiological status among nestling common kestrels Falco tinnunculus that were raised in nest-boxes located in more natural, rural, or urban areas in a landscape with a mosaic of land uses around Rome in Central Italy. A blood-based multi-biomarker approach was applied to evaluate physiological responses at multiple levels, including antioxidant concentrations, immunological functions, genotoxicity, and neurotoxicity...
March 14, 2024: Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492793/a-study-on-the-anti-senescent-effects-of-flavones-derived-from-prinsepia-utilis-royle-seed-residue
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junxi Liu, Liping Qu, Feifei Wang, Zaoju Mei, Xinlang Wu, Bo Wang, Haiyang Liu, Li He
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Prinsepia utilis Royle, also known as the Anas fruit, is a unique perennial woody oil plant from Yunnan Province, China. In the ancient texts of Dongba sutras and Yunnan Southern Materia Medica, it has been documented that the local Naxi, Tibetan, and Mosuo communities extensively utilize the root and leaf fruits of green thorns for various purposes. These include treating mild-to-moderate specific dermatitis, moisturising the skin, providing protection against UV damage, aiding childbirth in pregnant women, safeguarding stomach health, reducing the risk of arteriosclerosis, and delaying aging...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492677/identification-and-quantification-of-nanoplastics-in-different-crops-using-pyrolysis-gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Quanyun Ye, Yingxin Wu, Wangrong Liu, Xiaorui Ma, Dechun He, Yuntao Wang, Junfei Li, Wencheng Wu
Quantitative studies of nanoplastics (NPs) abundance on agricultural crops are crucial for understanding the environmental impact and potential health risks of NPs. However, the actual extent of NP contamination in different crops remains unclear, and therefore insufficient quantitative data are available for adequate exposure assessments. Herein, a method with nitric acid digestion, multiple organic extraction combined with pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) quantification was used to determine the chemical composition and mass concentration of NPs in different crops (cowpea, flowering cabbage, rutabagas, and chieh-qua)...
March 14, 2024: Chemosphere
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492643/factors-associated-with-the-prevalence-of-salmonella-generic-escherichia-coli-and-coliforms-in-florida-s-agricultural-soils
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clara M Diekman, Camryn Cook, Laura K Strawn, Michelle D Danyluk
Limited data exist on the environmental factors that impact pathogen prevalence in the soil. The prevalence of foodborne pathogens, Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes, and the prevalence and concentration of generic E. coli in Florida's agricultural soils was evaluated to understand the potential risk of microbial contamination at the pre-harvest level. For all organisms but L. monocytogenes, a longitudinal field study was performed in three geographically distributed agricultural areas across Florida. At each location, 20 unique 5x5 m field sampling sites were selected, soil was collected and evaluated for Salmonella presence (25 g) and E...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Food Protection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492599/sulfur-enhances-iron-plaque-formation-and-stress-resistance-to-reduce-the-transfer-of-cd-and-as-in-the-soil-rice-system
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fei Miao, Xin Zhang, Qingling Fu, Hongqing Hu, Md Shoffikul Islam, Linchuan Fang, Jun Zhu
Sulfur plays an essential role in agricultural production, but few studies have been reported on how sulfur simultaneously impacts the transformation of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in the soil-rice system. This research selected two soils co-contaminated with both Cd and As, varying in acidity and alkalinity levels, to study the impacts of elemental sulfur (S) and calcium sulfate (CaSO4 ) on the migration and accumulation of Cd and As by rice. Results indicated that two types of sulfur had a substantial (P < 0...
March 14, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492563/structural-and-compositional-changes-in-two-marine-shell-traditional-chinese-medicines-a-comparative-analysis-pre-and-post-calcination
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lizhu Wu, Chenlu Liu, Tao Yao, Yun Shi, Jinyang Shen, Xun Gao, Qin Kunming
BACKGROUND: Arcae concha and Meretricis concha cyclinae concha are two marine shellfish herbs with similar composition and efficacy, which are usually calcined and used clinically. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated variations in the inorganic and organic components of Arcae concha and Meretricis concha cyclinae concha from different production regions, both Arcae concha and Meretricis concha cyclinae concha. The aim was to enhance the understanding of these two types of marine shell traditional Chinese medicine (msTCM) and provide a foundation for their future development and application...
March 16, 2024: Journal of AOAC International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492423/beach-wrack-discussing-ecological-roles-risks-and-sustainable-bioenergy-and-agricultural-applications
#13
REVIEW
Maria Martins, Filipa Sousa, Cristiano Soares, Bruno Sousa, Ruth Pereira, Marcos Rubal, Fernanda Fidalgo
The equilibrium of the marine ecosystem is currently threatened by several constraints, among which climate change and anthropogenic activities stand out. Indeed, these factors favour the growth of macroalgae, which sometimes end up stranded on the beaches at the end of their life cycle, forming what is known as beach wrack. Despite its undeniable important ecological role on beaches, as it is an important source of organic matter (OM), and provides food and habitat for several invertebrates, reptiles, small mammals, and shorebirds, the overaccumulation of beach wrack is often associated with the release of greenhouse gases, negatively impacting tourist activities, and generating economic expenses for its removal...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Environmental Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492240/orientin-promotes-antioxidant-capacity-mitochondrial-biogenesis-and-fiber-transformation-in-skeletal-muscles-through-the-ampk-pathway
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keshu Liu, Xufeng Li, Zhihui Liu, Xiaoping Ming, Baoai Han, Weisong Cai, Xiuping Yang, Zilin Huang, Zhenxiang Shi, Jianghao Wu, Bin Hao, Xiong Chen
The sleep-breathing condition obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive upper airway collapse, which can exacerbate oxidative stress and free radical generation, thereby detrimentally impacting both motor and sensory nerve function and inducing muscular damage. OSA development is promoted by increasing proportions of fast-twitch muscle fibers in the genioglossus. Orientin, a water-soluble dietary C-glycosyl flavonoid with antioxidant properties, increased the expression of slow myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and signaling factors associated with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation both in vivo and in vitro ...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492019/cyanobacteria-based-nanoformulation-of-biogenic-cuo-nanoparticles-for-plant-growth-promotion-of-rice-under-hydroponics-conditions
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rajni Yadav, Manish Kumar, Rajesh Singh Tomar
Synthesizing nanoparticles through a green synthesis approach is common nowadays. Cyanobacteria have attained great importance in the field of biosynthesis of nanoparticles as there is no use of toxic chemicals as reducing or capping agents for the synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles. Micronutrient-based nano-formulations have become a topic of great interest in recent times due to their various advantageous properties and applications in agriculture. The current study aims to exploit the potential cyanobacterial strains isolated from different locations such as freshwater and soil ecosystems...
March 16, 2024: Current Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491992/high-carriage-of-plasmid-mediated-quinolone-resistance-pmqr-genes-by-esbl-producing-and-fluoroquinolone-resistant-escherichia-coli-recovered-from-animal-waste-dumps
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth Omokoshi Joel, Olabisi Comfort Akinlabi, Adedolapo Victoria Olaposi, Temitayo Omotunde Olowomofe, Abimbola Olumide Adekanmbi
BACKGROUND: There has been a rise in the consumption of fluoroquinolones in human and veterinary medicine recently. This has contributed to the rising incidence of quinolone resistance in bacteria. This study aimed at the determination of the antibiotic resistance profile of ESBL-producing and fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli (FQEC) isolated from animal waste obtained from the waste dumps of an agricultural farm and their carriage of genes encoding PMQR. METHODS AND RESULTS: Isolation of ESBL-producing E...
March 16, 2024: Molecular Biology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491991/additive-intercropping-system-or-acaricides-which-one-is-more-efficient-to-prevent-population-buildup-of-two-spotted-spider-mite
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vahab Rahimi, Hossein Madadi
Habitat manipulation such as intercropping can be used as a simple and common cultural practice in pest management. This method is based on the principle of reducing pest populations by increasing the diversity of an ecosystem. This study has been carried out to evaluate the influence of additive series intercropping common bean with some aromatic plants (AP), and 2 acaricides on the different life stages (egg, immature mobile stages, and adult) of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae), over 2 yr of experimentation (2020 and 2021)...
March 16, 2024: Environmental Entomology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491989/new-antibacterial-peptaibiotics-against-plant-and-fish-pathogens-from-the-deep-sea-derived-fungus-simplicillium-obclavatum-eiodsf-020
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao Liang, Jia-Fan Yang, Zhong-Hui Huang, Xuan Ma, Yan Yan, Shu-Hua Qi
Bacterial diseases could severely harm agricultural production. To develop new antibacterial agents, the secondary metabolites of a deep-sea-derived fungus Simplicillium obclavatum EIODSF 020 with antibacterial activities against plant and fish pathogens were investigated by a bioassay-guided approach, which led to the isolation of 11 new peptaibiotics, simplicpeptaibs A-K ( 1 - 11 ). They contain 16-19 residues, including β-alanine, tyrosine, or tyrosine O -sulfate, that were rarely present in peptaibiotics...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491973/isolating-antipathogenic-fungal-coumarins-from-coriaria-nepalensis-and-determining-their-primary-mechanism-in-vitro
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jun-You Jian, Yi-Min Fan, Jun Jin, Xi-Yue He, Ping Yi, Chun-Mao Yuan, Wei Gu, Zhan-Xing Hu, Lie-Jun Huang, Xiao-Jiang Hao
Through bioassay-guided isolation, eight undescribed coumarins ( 1 - 8 ), along with six reported coumarins ( 9 - 14 ), were obtained from Coriaria nepalensis. The new structures were determined by using IR, UV, NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD calculations. The results of the biological activity assays showed that compound 9 exhibited broad spectrum antifungal activities against all tested fungi in vitro and a significant inhibitory effect on Phytophthora nicotianae with an EC50 value of 3.00 μg/mL. Notably, compound 9 demonstrated greater curative and protective effects against tobacco balack shank than those of osthol in vivo ...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491972/platycodin-d-ameliorates-cognitive-impairment-in-type-2-diabetes-mellitus-mice-via-regulating-pi3k-akt-gsk3%C3%AE-signaling-pathway
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ya-Wei Lu, Li-Ya Xie, Meng-Han Qi, Shen Ren, Yue-Qi Wang, Jun-Nan Hu, Zi Wang, Shan Tang, Jing-Tian Zhang, Wei Li
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of platycodin D (PD) on cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its potential molecular mechanisms of action in vivo and in vitro. Materials and methods: An animal model of cognitive impairment in T2DM was established using a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg) after 8 weeks of feeding a high-fat diet to C57BL/6 mice. In vitro, immunofluorescence staining and Western blot were employed to analyze the effects of PD on glucose-induced neurotoxicity in mouse hippocampal neuronal cells (HT22)...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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