Enoxaparin

BACKGROUND: The direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are now commonly regarded as first line anticoagulants in most cases of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the optimal choice of subsequent anticoagulant in instances of first line DOAC failure is unclear. OBJECTIVES: To describe and compare outcomes with second line anticoagulants used after DOAC failure. METHODS: Patients seen at an urban hospital system for an episode of acute VTE initially treated with either apixaban or rivaroxaban who experienced a subsequent recurrent thrombosis while on anticoagulation (1st recurrent thrombosis) were included...

Mechanical heart valves (MHVs) are thrombogenic and require lifelong anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) such as warfarin. Periprocedural bridging with unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) aims to reduce the risk of thromboembolic events in patients. Currently, there are no definitive class I recommendations for anticoagulation management in patients with MHVs. In this report, we present the case of a 77-year-old female who was perioperatively bridged with enoxaparin and subsequently developed an acute thrombus...

Warfarin is the only oral anticoagulant recommended in women who are breastfeeding. Although warfarin is a compatible and recommended agent in the postpartum period and during lactation, little is known regarding changes to warfarin dose requirements in this patient population. Here, we report the case of a 40-year-old woman who transitioned from enoxaparin monotherapy back to warfarin at 2 months postpartum, while she was breastfeeding. Despite resuming warfarin at her previously therapeutic dose, her international normalized ratio (INR) remained subtherapeutic and required multiple dose increases...

Pemphigus vulgaris is a chronic autoimmune disease of the skin caused by the production of autoantibodies targeting desmogleins 1 and 3 usually presenting in individuals with an average age of onset of approximately 40 years. A 35-year-old obese, diabetic woman presented with fluid-filled lesions over her body for three months along with erosions and painful ulcers in her mouth and genital area for two months. Based on clinical and histopathological studies, the patient was diagnosed as a case of pemphigus vulgaris...

After a downward trend for more than 12 months, the incidence of COVID-19 has increased in the last months. Although COVID-19 is not as frequent as in the first years of the pandemic, case numbers are still very high, and it causes a significant number of deaths. COVID-19 is not seen with a predictable frequency, at least two times more deadly than the flu, continues as an epidemic, and has not reached the endemic level yet. Currently, the Omicron strains EG.5 and XBB.1.16 are dominant worldwide. Although BA...

BACKGROUND: This study compares aspirin to enoxaparin for symptomatic VTE prophylaxis within 90 days of any type of hip or knee arthroplasty performed for any diagnosis, in patients enrolled in the CRISTAL trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CRISTAL was a cluster-randomised crossover, registry-nested non-inferiority trial across 31 hospitals in Australia. The primary publication was restricted to patients undergoing primary total hip or knee arthroplasty for a diagnosis of osteoarthritis...

BACKGROUND: Low molecular weight heparin has proven to be safe and effective but is not without potential risks such as spontaneous bleeding in the abdominal cavity. There is limited evidence evaluating the true incidence of this potential risk and the available literature is primarily via case reports. CASE SUMMARY: The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence and risk factors associated with enoxaparin use (prophylaxis or treatment) abdominal hematomas in a 350-bed community hospital during an 8-month time period...

INTRODUCTION: Infants are at risk for thrombotic conditions due to multiple risk factors such as congenital heart defects and sepsis. According to the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) 2012 guidelines, enoxaparin may be given for thrombotic conditions at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg/dose every 12 h for patients less than 2 months of age and 1 mg/kg/dose every 12 h for those older than 2 months. Several studies have reported that infants typically require a higher initial dose of enoxaparin to reach therapeutic antifactor Xa levels than what is currently recommended...

OBJECTIVE: Endovenous ablation has revolutionized treatment of varicose vein surgery but is associated with a risk of venous thromboembolism. There is no consensus regarding anticoagulation protocols for these patients. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aims to identify which anticoagulant is optimal in this cohort for clot prevention with minimal risk of adverse bleeding events. METHODS: Library databases were searched for studies where patients were treated with one or more anticoagulants following endovenous ablation for varicose veins...

OBJECTIVES: Enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pediatric patients is -typically dosed twice a day. The use of once-daily dosing like that used in adult patients is limited because of a lack of safety and efficacy data. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of -once-daily versus twice-daily dosing of enoxaparin for pediatric VTE prophylaxis based on incidence of thrombotic and bleeding events. METHODS: This was a 3-year retrospective chart review of enoxaparin received for VTE prophylaxis at -Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Pseudoulnar palsy, characterized by weakness in the fourth and fifth digits, is a condition typically attributed to infarction of the medial aspect of the precentral gyrus's "hand knob." This anatomical site is located in the primary motor cortex of the brain, in the posterior lobe of the frontal cortex. This report presents a novel case of pseudoulnar nerve palsy in conjunction with wrist drop stemming from an infarction of the hand knob gyrus. CASE PRESENTATION: A 78-year-old female with hypertension and hyperlipidemia experienced sudden right wrist weakness and impaired mobility in her fourth and fifth digits...

Enoxaparin and daikenchuto are commonly administered to prevent venous thromboembolism and intestinal obstruction after gynecological malignancy surgery. However, the effects of their combined use on hepatic function are not well studied. This study aimed to clarify the effects of the coadministration of enoxaparin and daikenchuto on hepatic function. First, Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) data were analyzed to identify signals of hepatic disorders. Second, a retrospective observational study of patients who underwent surgery for gynecological malignancies was conducted...

Thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (TAPS) is characterized by thrombosis and persistently positive tests for antiphospholipid antibodies or lupus anticoagulant (LAC). Triple-positive APS has the highest risk of recurrent thrombosis, but no studies have focused on recurrent thrombosis in patients with single-positive TAPS. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with single-positive TAPS diagnosed at Lifespan Health System, Rhode Island, to determine the rates and risk factors for recurrent thrombosis...

INTRODUCTION: We conducted this pilot study to assess direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in the prevention of microvascular thrombosis. MATERIALS: and methods: Five patients undergoing microvascular free tissue transplantation received rivaroxaban or apixaban (depending on their home medication). We compared this group to 19 patients who received enoxaparin subcutaneously. We evaluated the rate of graft loss due to microvascular thrombosis and the number of transfusions administered intra- and postoperatively...

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) typically presents in the second half of pregnancy. Severe ICP is associated with increased risk of stillbirth. Little is known regarding elevated bile acids in the first trimester. We present a case of severely elevated bile acids in the first trimester, resistant to conservative management, in a patient with pre-existing cholestatic liver disease and aortic valve disease requiring anticoagulation. Therapeutic plasma exchange was used. In those with pre-existing cholestatic disease, early bile acid elevation is likely distinct from ICP, and conservative strategies may not be useful...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), has been an increasingly common post-surgical complication for surgical patients. In the United States, VTE has become a leading cause of preventable hospital death with more than half occurring after discharge and are directly linked to a recent (within 30 days) hospitalization or surgery [1]. In large, hospital-associated/acquired VTE (HA-VTE) are preventable through measures such as the use of risk stratification tools and chemoprophylaxis...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the antifibrinolytic and anti-inflammatory effects of hesperidin, tenoxicam and enoxaparin on intrapleural adhesions in an experimental rat model. METHODS: A total of 52 healthy adult male Wistar Albino rats from the same colony were randomly divided into six groups as sham (Group 1), surgical control (Group 2), low-dose hesperidin (Group 3), high-dose hesperidin (Group 4), tenoxicam (Group 5), and enoxaparin (Group 6)...

Objective. To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients taking Factor Xa inhibitors (FXai), either direct FXai or enoxaparin (only in active cancer patients), and to estimate the incidence of and risk factors for major bleeding during FXai use. Methods. A retrospective cohort study, which included secondary data from computerized health records of primary care centers and hospitals in seven Spanish Autonomous Communities. Results. 9374 patients were analyzed, with 8972 taking direct FXai and 402 enoxaparin...

BACKGROUND: Thromboembolic complications are well known in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Over the years it has not been possible to reach a consensus on a possible prophylaxis of thromboembolic events during intensive therapy. Only the administration of enoxaparin was able to achieve evidence in the literature to date. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 173 childhood leukemia patients were treated over 20 years with a thromboembolic prophylaxis including enoxaparin and AT III during induction therapy with L-asparaginase and cortisone...

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