keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496183/a-narrative-review-on-the-viability-of-osteopathic-manipulative-medicine-in-treating-irritable-bowel-syndrome-with-constipation-ibs-c
#1
REVIEW
Mahi Basra, Hemangi Patel, Alison Stern-Harbutte, David Lee, Randal K Gregg, Holly B Waters, Anna K Potter
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain and alterations in bowel habits, with global prevalence. The etiology of the disease is likely multifactorial; however, autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction and immune-mediated inflammation may contribute the most to the hallmark symptoms of abdominal pain and altered motility of the gut. Current pharmacological therapies operate to modulate intestinal transit, alter the composition of the gut flora and control pain...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495755/gut-microbiota-and-its-metabolites-in-alzheimer-s-disease-from-pathogenesis-to-treatment
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinfu Zou, Guoqiang Zou, Xinyan Zou, Kangfeng Wang, Zetao Chen
INTRODUCTION: An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that altered microbial diversity and function (such as metabolites), or ecological disorders, regulate bowel-brain axis involvement in the pathophysiologic processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The dysregulation of microbes and their metabolites can be a double-edged sword in AD, presenting the possibility of microbiome-based treatment options. This review describes the link between ecological imbalances and AD, the interactions between AD treatment modalities and the microbiota, and the potential of interventions such as prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions as complementary therapeutic strategies targeting AD pathogenesis and progression...
2024: PeerJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495146/prolonged-oral-intake-of-green-tea-polyphenols-attenuates-delirium-like-behaviors-in-mice-induced-by-anesthesia-surgery
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yao Xue, Yan-Na Zhang, Man Wang, Hui-Yuan Fu, Ying-Chao Mao, Min Hu, Mei-Tao Sun, Hong-Gang Guo, Lin Cao, Chen-Zhuo Feng
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a severe postoperative complication characterized by delirium-like symptoms. So far, no effective preventable strategy for POD prevention has been identified. Reports show that the consumption of green tea polyphenols (GTP) is associated with better cognitive function by modulating the composition of gut microbiota. Whether GTP also play a role in alleviating POD through gut microbiota is unknown. Herein, we studied the effect of prolonged (eight weeks) GTP intake on postoperative delirium in C57BL/6 mice with laparotomies under isoflurane anesthesia (anesthesia/surgery)...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493312/crosstalk-between-covid-19-and-the-gut-brain-axis-a-gut-feeling
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nida Kalam, Vinod R M T Balasubramaniam
The microbes in the gut are crucial for maintaining the body's immune system and overall gut health. However, it is not fully understood how an unstable gut environment can lead to more severe cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The gut microbiota also plays a role in the gut-brain axis and interacts with the central nervous system through metabolic and neuroendocrine pathways. The interaction between the microbiota and the host's body involves hormonal, immune, and neural pathways, and any disruption in the balance of gut bacteria can lead to dysbiosis, which contributes to pathogen growth...
March 16, 2024: Postgraduate Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492132/prophylaxis-of-hepatic-encephalopathy-current-and-future-drug-targets
#5
REVIEW
Sudhir Maharshi, Barjesh Chander Sharma
Hepatic encephalopathy is described by a broad spectrum of neurological and psychiatric aberrations resulting due to advanced liver dysfunction. It is a neurological disorder due to hepatic insufficiency and/or portosystemic shunts. Its clinical presentation includes neuropsychiatric dysfunction ranging from subclinical changes to comatose state. It is a sign of poor prognosis in cirrhotics with a high 1-year mortality. Each episode of hepatic encephalopathy leads to high hospitalization rate, poor prognosis and raised burden of healthcare...
March 16, 2024: Hepatology International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488837/gut-microbiota-derived-gamma-aminobutyric-acid-from-metformin-treatment-reduces-hepatic-ischemia-reperfusion-injury-through-inhibiting-ferroptosis
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fangyan Wang, Xiujie Liu, Furong Huang, Yan Zhou, Xinyu Wang, Zhengyang Song, Sisi Wang, Xiaoting Wang, Dibang Shi, Gaoyi Ruan, Xiawei Ji, Eryao Zhang, Zenglin Tan, Yuqing Ye, Chuang Wang, Jesse Zhu, Wantie Wang
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a common and inevitable factor leading to poor prognosis in various liver diseases, making the outcomes of current treatments in clinic unsatisfactory. Metformin has been demonstrated to be beneficial to alleviate HIRI in recent studies, however, the underpinning mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found metformin mitigates HIRI-induced ferroptosis through reshaped gut microbiota in mice, which was confirmed by the results of fecal microbiota transplantation treatment but showed the elimination of the beneficial effects when gut bacteria were depleted using antibiotics...
March 15, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488112/microbiome-and-its-impact-on-fetal-and-neonatal-brain-development-current-opinion-in-pediatrics
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nina M Frerichs, Tim G J de Meij, Hendrik J Niemarkt
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota and its metabolites regulate neurodevelopment and cognitive functioning via a bi-directional communication system known as the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). RECENT FINDINGS: The MGBA influences brain development and function via the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the vagal nerve, immune signaling, bacterial production of neurotransmitters, and microbial metabolites like short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan derivatives, and bile acids...
March 11, 2024: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485738/chicoric-acid-alleviates-colitis-via-targeting-the-gut-microbiota-accompanied-by-maintaining-intestinal-barrier-integrity-and-inhibiting-inflammatory-responses
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Di, Yi Song, Kejia Xu, Qianxu Wang, Li Zhang, Qian Liu, Min Zhang, Xuebo Liu, Yutang Wang
Polyphenols have shown great potential to prevent ulcerative colitis. As a natural plant polyphenol, chicoric acid (CA) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study explored the intervention effects and potential mechanism of CA on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice. The results showed that CA alleviated the symptoms of colitis and maintained the intestinal barrier integrity. CA significantly downregulated the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors including IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, COX-2, and iNOS...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485702/unveiling-the-hidden-players-exploring-the-role-of-gut-mycobiome-in-cancer-development-and-treatment-dynamics
#9
REVIEW
Lingxi Li, Xiaowen Huang, Haoyan Chen
The role of gut fungal species in tumor-related processes remains largely unexplored, with most studies still focusing on fungal infections. This review examines the accumulating evidence suggesting the involvement of commensal and pathogenic fungi in cancer biological process, including oncogenesis, progression, and treatment response. Mechanisms explored include fungal influence on host immunity, secretion of bioactive toxins/metabolites, interaction with bacterial commensals, and migration to other tissues in certain types of cancers...
2024: Gut Microbes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484559/tangshen-formula-targets-the-gut-microbiota-to-treat-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-in-hfd-mice-a-16s-rrna-and-non-targeted-metabolomics-analyses
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shaopeng Wang, Xin Li, Bo Zhang, Yuxi Li, Kexu Chen, Huimin Qi, Mengqi Gao, Jin Rong, Lin Liu, Yuzhou Wan, Xi Dong, Meihua Yan, Liang Ma, Ping Li, Tingting Zhao
BACKGROUND: Tangshen formula (TSF) has an ameliorative effect on hepatic lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the role played by the gut microbiota in this process is unknown. METHOD: We conducted three batches of experiments to explore the role played by the gut microbiota: TSF administration, antibiotic treatment, and fecal microbial transplantation. NAFLD mice were induced with a high-fat diet to investigate the ameliorative effects of TSF on NAFLD features and intestinal barrier function...
March 13, 2024: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484370/-cyclocarya-paliurus-leaves-alleviate-high-sucrose-diet-induced-obesity-by-improving-intestinal-metabolic-disorders
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ye Yao, Xiaojuan Wang, Dongyu Li, Shujuan Chen, Chengjie Li, Haiyu Guan, Dongsheng Wang, Xiaoli Nie
High-sucrose diets are common in daily life but harmful to human health. Cyclocarya paliurus leaves (CPL) are a kind of tea used to alleviate metabolic diseases and are widely used in China. However, the effects of CPL on high-sucrose-induced obesity are unknown. This study aimed to describe the changes in gut metabolism induced by a high-sucrose diet and to reveal the potential mechanisms through which CPL alleviate high-sucrose diet-induced obesity. A high-sucrose-induced obesity model was generated in C57BL/6J and KM mice...
March 14, 2024: Aging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479921/gut-instincts-unveiling-the-connection-between-gut-microbiota-and-alzheimer-s-disease
#12
REVIEW
Vasu Peddinti, Manoj Mohan Avaghade, Sunil Umedmal Suthar, Biswajit Rout, Shyam Sudhakar Gomte, Tejas Girish Agnihotri, Aakanchha Jain
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by neuroinflammation and gradual cognitive decline. Recent research has revealed that the gut microbiota (GM) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, the mechanism by which GM and microbial metabolites alter brain function is not clearly understood. GM dysbiosis increases the permeability of the intestine, alters the blood-brain barrier permeability, and elevates proinflammatory mediators causing neurodegeneration...
April 2024: Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479258/astragalus-polysaccharides-attenuate-chemotherapy-induced-immune-injury-by-modulating-gut-microbiota-and-polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-metabolism
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hao Wang, Weize Zhu, Ying Hong, Wenjing Wei, Ningning Zheng, Xiaofang He, Yiyang Bao, Xinxin Gao, Wenjin Huang, Lili Sheng, Mingxiao Li, Houkai Li
BACKGROUND: The damage of chemotherapy drugs to immune function and intestinal mucosa is a common side effect during chemotherapy. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) exhibit immunomodulatory properties and are recognized for preserving the integrity of the human intestinal barrier. Nevertheless, their application and mechanisms of action in chemotherapy-induced immune damage and intestinal barrier disruption remain insufficiently explored. PURPOSE: This study delved into investigating how APS mitigates chemotherapy-induced immune dysfunction and intestinal mucosal injury, while also providing deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms...
February 28, 2024: Phytomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478462/long-and-short-term-effects-of-fecal-microbiota-transplantation-on-antibiotic-resistance-genes-results-from-a-randomized-placebo-controlled-trial
#14
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Armin Rashidi, Maryam Ebadi, Tauseef Ur Rehman, Heba Elhusseini, David Kazadi, Hossam Halaweish, Mohammad H Khan, Andrea Hoeschen, Qing Cao, Xianghua Luo, Amanda J Kabage, Sharon Lopez, Shernan G Holtan, Daniel J Weisdorf, Chang Liu, Satoshi Ishii, Alexander Khoruts, Christopher Staley
In small series, third-party fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been successful in decolonizing the gut from clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Less is known about the short- and long-term effects of FMT on larger panels of ARGs. We analyzed 226 pre- and post-treatment stool samples from a randomized placebo-controlled trial of FMT in 100 patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation or receiving anti-leukemia induction chemotherapy for 47 ARGs. These patients have heavy antibiotic exposure and a high incidence of colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms...
2024: Gut Microbes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473143/current-understanding-of-equine-gut-dysbiosis-and-microbiota-manipulation-techniques-comparison-with-current-knowledge-in-other-species
#15
REVIEW
Laurie Boucher, Laurence Leduc, Mathilde Leclère, Marcio Carvalho Costa
Understanding the importance of intestinal microbiota in horses and the factors influencing its composition have been the focus of many studies over the past few years. Factors such as age, diet, antibiotic administration, and geographic location can affect the gut microbiota. The intra- and inter-individual variability of fecal microbiota in horses complicates its interpretation and has hindered the establishment of a clear definition for dysbiosis. Although a definitive causal relationship between gut dysbiosis in horses and diseases has not been clearly identified, recent research suggests that dysbiosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of various conditions, such as colitis and asthma...
February 28, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38472186/myricetin-alleviates-diabetic-cardiomyopathy-by-regulating-gut-microbiota-and-their-metabolites
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinxiu Zhu, Zhijun Bao, Zuoqi Hu, Shenglin Wu, Cuihong Tian, Yueran Zhou, Zipeng Ding, Xuerui Tan
BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Myricetin protects cardiac function in DCM. However, the low bioavailability of myricetin fails to explain its pharmacological mechanisms thoroughly. Research has shown that myricetin has a positive effect on the gut microbiota. We hypothesize that myricetin improves the development of DCM via regulating gut microbiota. METHODS: DCM mice were induced with streptozotocin and fed a high-fat diet, and then treated with myricetin by gavage and high-fat diet for 16 weeks...
March 12, 2024: Nutrition & Diabetes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471063/third-party-fecal-microbiota-transplantation-for-high-risk-treatment-na%C3%A3-ve-acute-gvhd-of-the-lower-gi-tract
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zachariah DeFilipp, Ashish V Damania, Haesook T Kim, Chang Chia-Chi, Areej El-Jawahri, Steven L McAfee, Aj S Bottoms, Vesselina Toncheva, Melissa M Smith, Maria Dolaher, Lindsey S Perry, Meghan White, Brittany Diana, Sheila Connolly, Bimalangshu R Dey, Matthew J Frigault, Richard A Newcomb, Paul V O'Donnell, Thomas R Spitzer, Michael K Mansour, Daniela Weber, Nadim J Ajami, Elizabeth Hohmann, Robert R Jenq, Yi-Bin Chen
Disruption of the intestinal microbiome is observed with acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) of the lower gastrointestinal (LGI) tract and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has successfully cured steroid-refractory cases. In this open-label, single-arm, pilot study (NCT04139577), third-party, single donor FMT was administered in combination with systemic corticosteroids to participants with high-risk acute LGI GVHD, with a focus on treatment-naïve cases. Participants were scheduled to receive one induction dose (15 capsules/day for 2 consecutive days), followed by 3 weekly maintenance doses, consisting of 15 capsules/dose...
March 12, 2024: Blood Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471012/gut-microbiota-tryptophan-metabolism-glp-1-axis-participates-in-%C3%AE-cell-regeneration-induced-by-dapagliflozin
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yafei Jiang, Jin Yang, Li Xia, Tianjiao Wei, Xiaona Cui, Dandan Wang, Zirun Jin, Xiafang Lin, Fei Li, Kun Yang, Shan Lang, Ye Liu, Jing Hang, Zhe Zhang, Tianpei Hong, Rui Wei
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, an efficacious anti-diabetic agent, which has cardiovascular and renal benefits, can promote pancreatic β-cell regeneration in type 2 diabetic mice. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to use multi-omics to identify the mediators involved in β-cell regeneration induced by dapagliflozin. We showed that dapagliflozin lowered blood glucose level, upregulated plasma insulin level, and increased islet area in db/db mice...
March 12, 2024: Diabetes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38470843/aflatoxin-b-1-exposure-causes-splenic-pyroptosis-by-disturbing-the-gut-microbiota-immune-axis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huodai Chen, Lin Ye, Yurun Wang, Jiahong Chen, Jie Wang, Xueling Li, Hongtao Lei, Yunle Liu
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) causes serious immunotoxicity and has attracted considerable attention owing to its high sensitivity and common chemical-viral interactions in living organisms. However, the sensitivity of different species to AFB1 widely varies, which cannot be explained by the different metabolism in species. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the immune system, but the interaction of the microbiota with AFB1 -induced immunotoxicity still needs to be determined. Our results indicated that AFB1 exposure disrupted the structure of the gut microbiota and damaged the gut barrier, which caused translocation of microbiota metabolites, lipopolysaccharides, to the spleen...
March 12, 2024: Food & Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38470061/a-review-of-fecal-microbiota-live-jslm-for-the-prevention-of-recurrent-clostridioides-difficile-infection
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aaron Hunt, Emily Drwiega, Yifan Wang, Larry Danziger
DISCLAIMER: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. PURPOSE: To review the composition, preparation, proposed mechanism of action, safety, efficacy, and current place in therapy of Rebyota (fecal microbiota, live-jslm)...
March 12, 2024: American Journal of Health-system Pharmacy: AJHP
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