keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536552/il-6-enhances-the-activation-of-pi3k-akt-mtor-gsk-3%C3%AE-by-upregulating-grpr-in-hippocampal-neurons-of-autistic-mice
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heli Li, Xinyuan Wang, Cong Hu, Jinru Cui, Hao Li, Xiaoping Luo, Yan Hao
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder associated with brain inflammation. The underlying mechanisms could be attributed to the activation of PI3K signaling in the inflamed brain of ASD. Multiple studies highlight the role of GRPR in regulating ASD like abnormal behavior and enhancing the PI3K signaling. However, the molecular mechanism by which GRPR regulates PI3K signaling in neurons of individuals with ASD is still unclear. In this study, we utilized a maternal immune activation model to investigate the effects of GRPR on PI3K signaling in the inflamed brain of ASD mice...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology: the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536526/pharmacological-and-immunomodulatory-modes-of-action-of-medically-important-phytochemicals-against-arthritis-a-molecular-insight
#22
REVIEW
Aqsa, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Summer, Saima Yousaf, Laiba Nazakat, Shehzeen Noor
Arthritis is a common illness that affects joints and it may result in inflammation and pain. Even though arthritis usually affects older people, it can also affect children, adults, and both genders. Numerous arthritic mouse models have been developed but the CIA model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has received the most attention. With the use of steroids, DMARDs, and NSAIDs, therapy objectives such as reduced disease incidence and better pain management are achieved. Long-term usage of these therapeutic approaches may have negative side effects...
March 27, 2024: Molecular Biology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536518/prognostic-modeling-in-early-rheumatoid-arthritis-reconsidering-the-predictive-role-of-disease-activity-scores
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alix Bird, Lauren Oakden-Rayner, Luke A Smith, Minyan Zeng, Shonket Ray, Susanna Proudman, Lyle J Palmer
OBJECTIVE: In this prospective cohort study, we provide several prognostic models to predict functional status as measured by the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (mHAQ). The early adoption of the treat-to-target strategy in this cohort offered a unique opportunity to identify predictive factors using longitudinal data across 20 years. METHODS: A cohort of 397 patients with early RA was used to develop statistical models to predict mHAQ score measured at baseline, 12 months, and 18 months post diagnosis, as well as serially measured mHAQ...
March 27, 2024: Clinical Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536505/metabolic-changes-contribute-to-maladaptive-right-ventricular-hypertrophy-in-pulmonary-hypertension-beyond-pressure-overload-an-integrative-imaging-and-omics-investigation
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inés García-Lunar, Inmaculada Jorge, Jorge Sáiz, Núria Solanes, Ana Paula Dantas, Juan José Rodríguez-Arias, María Ascaso, Carlos Galán-Arriola, Francisco Rafael Jiménez, Elena Sandoval, Jorge Nuche, Maria Moran-Garrido, Emilio Camafeita, Montserrat Rigol, Javier Sánchez-Gonzalez, Valentín Fuster, Jesús Vázquez, Coral Barbas, Borja Ibáñez, Daniel Pereda, Ana García-Álvarez
Right ventricular (RV) failure remains the strongest determinant of survival in pulmonary hypertension (PH). We aimed to identify relevant mechanisms, beyond pressure overload, associated with maladaptive RV hypertrophy in PH. To separate the effect of pressure overload from other potential mechanisms, we developed in pigs two experimental models of PH (M1, by pulmonary vein banding and M2, by aorto-pulmonary shunting) and compared them with a model of pure pressure overload (M3, pulmonary artery banding) and a sham-operated group...
March 27, 2024: Basic Research in Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536484/kinetic-modeling-and-optimization-of-the-mono-and-diglycerides-synthesis-mediated-by-the-lipase-lipozyme%C3%A2-tl-100-l-immobilized-on-clayey-support
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
George F Finco, Edson A da Silva, Fernando Palú, Márcia R F Klen, Karina G Fiametti, João H C Wancura, J Vladimir Oliveira
Mono- and diglycerides play a crucial role in the food industry as multifunctional food additives and emulsifiers. Their importance stems from their unique properties, which allow them to improve the quality, texture, and stability of various food products. Here, results of the kinetic modeling of the mono- and diglycerides synthesis mediated by the lipase Lipozyme® TL 100 L immobilized on the clayey support Spectrogel® type C are reported. The support was characterized by TEM, SEM, and FTIR. Firstly, the influence of pH and lipase load on the immobilization process was analyzed, resulting in an enzymatic activity of 93...
March 27, 2024: Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536218/views-of-service-users-their-family-or-carers-and-health-care-professionals-on-telerehabilitation-for-people-with-neurological-conditions-in-ghana-qualitative-study
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lorna Paul, Katie Thomson, Shadrack Osei Asibey, Marian Brady, Frederike van Wijck, Derrick Antwi, Eric Nkansah Opoku, Fred Stephen Sarfo
BACKGROUND: Up to 50% of people in low- and middle-income countries do not receive the rehabilitation they require. Telerehabilitation has the potential to improve access to neurorehabilitation services especially in low- and middle-income countries. Although there are reports of the barriers and facilitators to telerehabilitation in such settings, almost all are anecdotal. Furthermore, family or carers have a significant influence on the adoption and success of telerehabilitation, but their views have not been reported...
March 27, 2024: JMIR MHealth and UHealth
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536097/macrophage-polarization-dynamics-in-biomaterials-implications-for-in-vitro-wound-healing
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pravin Shankar Giri, Subha Narayan Rath
The interaction between biomaterials and the immune system plays a pivotal role in determining the success or failure of implantable devices. Macrophages, as key orchestrators of immune responses, exhibit diverse reactions that influence tissue integration or lead to implant failure. This study focuses on unraveling the intricate relationship between macrophage phenotypes and biomaterials, specifically hydrogels, by employing THP-1 cells as a model. Through a comprehensive investigation using polysaccharide, polymer, and protein-based hydrogels, our research sheds light on how the properties of hydrogels influence macrophage polarization...
March 27, 2024: ACS Applied Bio Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536072/pure-elongation-flow-of-an-electrorheological-fluid-insights-on-wall-slip-from-electrorheology
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ishu Chaudhary, Manish Kaushal
In this work we study the pure elongation flow behavior of an electrorheological (ER) fluid as a model soft-jammed system, wherein the extent of jamming is controlled by an externally applied electric-field. More specifically, a pure elongation flow has been achieved by facilitating significant slip at the contact between the material and rheometer-plate while pulling it with constant pulling velocity under a constant external electric-field. The normal force exerted by the top plate on the material was measured as a function of gap during the flow for various combinations of electric-field strength and pulling velocity...
March 27, 2024: Soft Matter
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536000/the-role-of-working-conditions-in-educational-differences-in-all-cause-and-ischemic-heart-disease-mortality-among-swedish-men
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melody Almroth, Tomas Hemmingsson, Daniel Falkstedt, Katarina Kjellberg, Emma Carlsson, Kuan-Yu Pan, Karin Berglund, Emelie Thern
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the extent to which low job control and heavy physical workload in middle age explain educational differences in all-cause and ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality while accounting for important confounding factors. METHODS: The study is based on a register-linked cohort of men who were conscripted into the Swedish military at around the age of 18 in 1969/1970 and were alive and registered in Sweden in 2005 (N=46 565)...
March 27, 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535999/m1-intestinal-macrophages-derived-exosomes-promote-colitis-progression-and-mucosal-barrier-injury
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui Du, Sihan Chen, Chenyang Han, Zhongmei He, Hongyan Pei, Yang Yang
AIM: This work aimed to investigate the role of M1 intestinal macrophages-derived exosomes (M1-Exo) in colitis and its mechanism. METHODS: M1 polarization of intestinal macrophages was induced in vitro , and their exosomes were extracted and identified. Thereafter, the DSS-induced colitis mouse model was built. Each mouse was given intraperitoneal injection of exosomes, and then mouse weight and DAI were dynamically monitored. In addition, the levels of cytokines were detected by ELISA...
March 26, 2024: Aging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535936/identification-and-mechanistic-analysis-of-toxic-degradation-products-in-the-advanced-oxidation-pathways-of-fluoroquinolone-antibiotics
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuhai Sun, Zhonghe Wang, Qikun Pu, Xinao Li, Yuhan Cui, Hao Yang, Yu Li
The degradation of fluoroquinolones (FQs) via advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is a promising avenue, yet the complete mineralization of certain FQ molecules remains elusive, raising concerns about the formation of toxic by-products. This study delineates five primary AOP degradation pathways for 16 commercially available FQ molecules, inferred from existing literature. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to calculate the bond dissociation energies within these pathways to elucidate the correlation between bond strength and molecular architecture...
March 6, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535802/unveiling-the-broad-substrate-specificity-of-deoxynivalenol-oxidation-enzyme-depa-and-its-role-in-detoxifying-trichothecene-mycotoxins
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Zhu, Edicon Tze Shun Chan, Nadine Abraham, Xiu-Zhen Li, Weijun Wang, Lili Mats, Honghui Zhu, Jason Carere, Ting Zhou
DepA, a pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent enzyme isolated from Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8, exhibits versatility in oxidizing deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivatives. This study explored DepA's substrate specificity and enzyme kinetics, focusing on DON and 15-acetyl-DON. Besides efficiently oxidizing DON, DepA also transforms 15-acetyl-DON into 15-acetyl-3-keto-DON, as identified via LC-MS/MS and NMR analysis. The kinetic parameters, including the maximum reaction rate, turnover number, and catalytic efficiency, were thoroughly evaluated...
March 5, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535794/the-role-of-snake-venom-disintegrins-in-angiogenesis
#33
REVIEW
Patricia Bianca Clissa, Maisa Splendore Della-Casa, Bianca Cestari Zychar, Sabri Saeed Sanabani
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, plays a critical role in various physiological and pathological conditions. Snake venom disintegrins (SVDs) have been identified as significant regulators of this process. In this review, we explore the dual roles of SVD in angiogenesis, both as antiangiogenic agents by inhibiting integrin binding and interfering with vascular endothelial growth factors and as proangiogenic agents by enhancing integrin binding, stimulating cell migration and proliferation, and inducing neoangiogenesis...
March 1, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535718/dare-to-ask-a-model-for-teaching-nursing-students-about-identifying-and-responding-to-violence-against-women-and-domestic-violence
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leah Okenwa Emegwa, Stéphanie Paillard-Borg, Inger Wallin Lundell, Anna Stålberg, Maria Åling, Gabriella Ahlenius, Henrik Eriksson
The role of nurses in identifying and responding to family violence and violence against women has long been established. However, nurses' readiness to fully assume this role remains low due to various barriers and the sensitive nature of the subject. As part of capacity building to address this problem, an additional national qualitative learning target, i.e., to "show knowledge about men's violence against women and violence in close relationships", was introduced into the Swedish Higher Education Ordinance for nursing and seven other educational programs between 2017 and 2018...
March 10, 2024: Nursing Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535668/role-of-the-carbon-nanotube-junction-in-the-mechanical-performance-of-carbon-nanotube-polyethylene-nanocomposites-a-molecular-dynamics-study
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xian Shi, Xiaoqiao He, Xuefeng Liu
Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based networks are promising reinforcements for polymer nanocomposites without the issue of CNT agglomeration. In this study, the CNT junction, a vital and representative structure of CNT-based networks, was applied as the reinforcement of the polyethylene (PE) matrix. The tensile properties of the CNT-junction/PE nanocomposite were investigated via molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and compared with those of pure PE matrix and conventional CNT/PE nanocomposites. The CNT junction was found to significantly increase the mechanical properties of the PE matrix...
March 14, 2024: Nanomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535578/current-knowledge-of-enterococcal-endocarditis-a-disease-lurking-in-plain-sight-of-health-providers
#36
REVIEW
Francesco Nappi
Enterococcus faecalis is a bacterial pathogen that can cause opportunistic infections. Studies indicate that initial biofilm formation plays a crucial regulatory role in these infections, as well as in colonising and maintaining the gastrointestinal tract as a commensal member of the microbiome of most land animals. It has long been thought that vegetation of endocarditis resulting from bacterial attachment to the endocardial endothelium requires some pre-existing tissue damage, and in animal models of experimental endocarditis, mechanical valve damage is typically induced by cardiac catheterisation preceding infection...
March 7, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535562/ovine-herpesvirus-2-glycoprotein-b-complementation-restores-infectivity-to-a-bovine-herpesvirus-4-gb-null-mutant
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela D Moré, Katherine N Baker, Smriti Shringi, Reginaldo G Bastos, Donal O'Toole, Gaetano Donofrio, Cristina W Cunha
Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) and bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) are gamma herpesviruses that belong to the genera Macavirus and Rhadinovirus , respectively. As with all herpesviruses, both OvHV-2 and BoHV-4 express glycoprotein B (gB), which plays an essential role in the infection of host cells. In that context, it has been demonstrated that a BoHV-4 gB-null mutant is unable to infect host cells. In this study, we used homologous recombination to insert OvHV-2 ORF 8, encoding gB, into the BoHV-4 gB-null mutant genome, creating a chimeric BoHV-4 virus carrying and expressing OvHV-2 gB (BoHV-4∆gB/OvHV-2-gB) that was infectious and able to replicate in vitro...
March 1, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535557/modeling-the-role-of-weather-and-pilgrimage-variables-on-dengue-fever-incidence-in-saudi-arabia
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kholood K Altassan, Cory W Morin, Jeremy J Hess
The first case of dengue fever (DF) in Saudi Arabia appeared in 1993 but by 2022, DF incidence was 11 per 100,000 people. Climatologic and population factors, such as the annual Hajj, likely contribute to DF's epidemiology in Saudi Arabia. In this study, we assess the impact of these variables on the DF burden of disease in Saudi Arabia and we attempt to create robust DF predictive models. Using 10 years of DF, weather, and pilgrimage data, we conducted a bivariate analysis investigating the role of weather and pilgrimage variables on DF incidence...
February 28, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535452/synthesis-and-hypoglycemic-effect-of-insulin-from-the-venom-of-sea-anemone-exaiptasia-diaphana
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiqi Guo, Tianle Tang, Jingyue Lu, Meiling Huang, Junqing Zhang, Linlin Ma, Bingmiao Gao
Sea anemone venom, abundant in protein and peptide toxins, serves primarily for predatory defense and competition. This study delves into the insulin-like peptides (ILPs) present in sea anemones, particularly focusing on their role in potentially inducing hypoglycemic shock in prey. We identified five distinct ILPs in Exaiptasia diaphana , exhibiting varied sequences. Among these, ILP-Ap04 was successfully synthesized using solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) to evaluate its hypoglycemic activity. When tested in zebrafish, ILP-Ap04 significantly reduced blood glucose levels in a model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and glucose, concurrently affecting the normal locomotor behavior of zebrafish larvae...
February 27, 2024: Marine Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535445/cloning-and-characterization-of-a-novel-n-acetyl-d-galactosamine-4-o-sulfate-sulfatase-sula1-from-a-marine-arthrobacter-strain
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Monica Daugbjerg Christensen, Leila Allahgholi, Javier A Linares-Pastén, Ólafur Friðjónsson, Hörður Guðmundsson, Varsha Kale, Roya R R Sardari, Guðmundur Ó Hreggviðsson, Eva Nordberg Karlsson
Sulfation is gaining increased interest due to the role of sulfate in the bioactivity of many polysaccharides of marine origin. Hence, sulfatases, enzymes that control the degree of sulfation, are being more extensively researched. In this work, a novel sulfatase (SulA1) encoded by the gene sulA1 was characterized. The sulA1 -gene is located upstream of a chondroitin lyase encoding gene in the genome of the marine Arthrobacter strain (MAT3885). The sulfatase was produced in Escherichia coli . Based on the primary sequence, the enzyme is classified under sulfatase family 1 and the two catalytic residues typical of the sulfatase 1 family-Cys57 (post-translationally modified to formyl glycine for function) and His190-were conserved...
February 23, 2024: Marine Drugs
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