keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492347/unraveling-the-relation-between-cycling-accidents-and-built-environment-typologies-capturing-spatial-heterogeneity-through-a-latent-class-discrete-outcome-model
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miguel Costa, Carlos Lima Azevedo, Felix Wilhelm Siebert, Manuel Marques, Filipe Moura
Today, cities seek to transition to more sustainable transportation modes. Cycling is critical in this shift, promoting a more beneficial lifestyle for most. However, cyclists are exposed to many hazardous circumstances or environments, resulting in accidents, injuries, and even death. Transport authorities must understand why accidents occur, to reduce the risk of those who cycle. This study applies a new modeling framework to analyze cycling accident severities. We employ a latent class discrete outcome model, where classes are derived from a Gaussian-Bernoulli mixture, applied to data from Berlin, and augmented with volunteered geographic information...
March 15, 2024: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492346/a-generic-optimization-based-enhancement-method-for-trajectory-data-two-plus-one
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Feng Zhu, Cheng Chang, Zhiheng Li, Boqi Li, Li Li
Trajectory data play a vital role in the field of traffic research such as vehicle safety, traffic flow, and intelligent vehicles. The quality of trajectory data will determine the safety effectiveness of both research and practical applications. Effectively filtering out noise and errors from trajectory data is crucial for improving data quality and further research. However, most enhancement methods only focus on the smoothness of trajectory but overlook abrupt changes. The processed trajectory still exist issues such as incomplete elimination of inconsistency and loss of driving characteristics...
March 15, 2024: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492345/the-role-of-driver-head-pose-dynamics-and-instantaneous-driving-in-safety-critical-events-application-of-computer-vision-in-naturalistic-driving
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zulqarnain H Khattak, Wan Li, Thomas Karnowski, Asad J Khattak
This paper investigates the role of driver behavior especially head pose dynamics in safety-critical events (SCEs). Using a large dataset collected in a naturalistic driving study, this paper analyzes the head pose dynamics and driving behavior in moments leading up to crashes or near-crashes. The study uses advanced computer vision and mixed logit modeling techniques to identify patterns and relationships between drivers' head pose dynamics and crash involvement. The results suggest that driver-head pose dynamics, especially poses that indicate distraction and movement volatility, are important factors that can contribute to undesirable safety outcomes...
March 15, 2024: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492344/the-immediate-effects-of-vision-zero-corridor-upgrades-on-pedestrian-crashes-in-new-york-a-before-and-after-spatial-point-process-approach
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Sehtman-Shachar, P C Billig, A Stein, S Kaplan
The long-term effects of the Vision-Zero (VZ) approach in Scandinavia are well documented. In contrast, information regarding the immediate effects of VZ at the starting phase upon gradual implementation is scarce. Taking New York City as the case study, we analyzed both the local and global effects of the Vision-Zero gradual implementation on pedestrian crashes in the early stage of implementation starting from 2014. The data analysis comprised 8,165 pedestrian injury crashes. Using location data, the crashes were matched to VZ infrastructure improvement location, start and completion dates...
March 15, 2024: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490922/road-safety-on-five-continents-2022-conference-papers
#5
EDITORIAL
Anna Vadeby, Stephen Mattingly
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 14, 2024: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489942/a-spatial-autocorrelation-analysis-of-road-traffic-crash-by-severity-using-moran-s-i-spatial-statistics-a-comparative-study-of-addis-ababa-and-berlin-cities
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wondwossen Taddesse Gedamu, Uwe Plank-Wiedenbeck, Bikila Teklu Wodajo
Methodological advancements in road safety research reveal an increasing inclination toward integrating spatial approaches in hot spot identification, spatial pattern analysis, and developing spatially lagged models. Previous studies on hot spot identification and spatial pattern analysis have overlooked crash severities and the spatial autocorrelation of crashes by severity, missing valuable insights into crash patterns and underlying factors. This study investigates the spatial autocorrelation of crash severity by taking two capital cities, Addis Ababa and Berlin, as a case study and compares patterns in low and high-income countries...
March 14, 2024: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489941/from-sky-to-road-incorporating-the-satellite-imagery-into-analysis-of-freight-truck-related-crash-factors
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chengcheng Yu, Wei Hua, Chao Yang, Shen Fang, Yuanhe Li, Quan Yuan
Freight truck-related crashes in urban contexts have caused significant economic losses and casualties, making it increasingly essential to understand the spatial patterns of such crashes. Limitations regarding data availability have greatly undermined the generalizability and applicability of certain prior research findings. This study explores the potential of emerging geospatial data to delve deeply into the determinants of these incidents with a more generalizable research design. By synergizing high-resolution satellite imagery with refined GIS map data and geospatial tabular data, a rich tapestry of the road environment and freight truck operations emerges...
March 14, 2024: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488793/bone-modifying-agents-in-patients-with-high-risk-metastatic-castration-sensitive-prostate-cancer-treated-with-abiraterone-acetate
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wataru Fukuokaya, Keiichiro Mori, Fumihiko Urabe, Taro Igarashi, Takafumi Yanagisawa, Shunsuke Tsuzuki, Mariko Honda, Kenta Miki, Takahiro Kimura
IMPORTANCE: The association between the use of bone-modifying agents (BMAs) and the outcomes among patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) treated with abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (AAP) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between BMA use and the outcomes of patients with mCSPC receiving AAP. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this cohort study, a post hoc analysis of individual participant data from the LATITUDE trial was performed...
March 4, 2024: JAMA Network Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485901/formulation-characterization-and-in-vitro-evaluation-of-mesalamine-and-bifidobacterium-bifidum-loaded-hydrogel-beads-in-capsule-system-for-colon-targeted-delivery
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jagtar Singh, Mohit Sharma, Harmeet Singh, Pinky Arora, Puneet Utreja, Shubham Kumar
Mesalamine is a first-line drug for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. However, its premature release associated with marketed formulations leads to adverse effects like gastric trouble, vomiting, and diarrhoea. To minimize these side effects, colon-targeted drug delivery is essential. Besides conventional pharmacotherapy, bifidogenic probiotics with anti-inflammatory activity has been reported to elicit a significant impact on the remission of ulcerative colitis. Bifidogenic probiotics being acid-labile necessitate developing a gastro-resistant formulation for enhancing the delivery of viable cells to the colon...
March 14, 2024: AAPS PharmSciTech
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485865/correction-to-an-in-vitro-assessment-of-thermo-reversible-gel-formulation-containing-sunitinib-nanoparticles-for-neovascular-age-related-macular-degeneration
#10
Priyanka Bhatt, Priya Narvekar, Rohan Lalani, Mahavir Bhupal Chougule, Yashwant Pathak, Vijaykumar Sutariya
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 14, 2024: AAPS PharmSciTech
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485849/science-and-risk-based-stability-strategies-to-support-product-lifecycle-changes
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lori McCaig, Steven Nowak, Alexander Abbott, Jenny Carhart, Megan E McMahon, Elke Debie, Hanlin Li, Francis Maina, Andrea J Ji, Mingkun Fu, Yan Wu, Andrew Lennard, Tony Mazzeo, Chad Wolfe, Robert Timpano, Yelizaveta Babayan, Lars Gruenig
ICH Q12 asserts that science- and risk-based approaches are applicable to stability studies supporting Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls (CMC) post-approval changes (PAC) to enable more timely implementation; however, no guidance or specific examples are provided to demonstrate how prior knowledge of the product can inform the risk assessment for the proposed change(s). Ten diverse case studies are presented in this manuscript to demonstrate how science- and risk-based stability strategies were used to support drug substance and product CMC PAC and lifecycle management activities...
March 14, 2024: AAPS Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485704/successes-and-lessons-learned-in-responding-to-the-needs-of-pediatricians-children-and-families-during-the-covid-19-pandemic
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
American Academy Of Pediatrics
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented tremendous challenges to the United States health care system, as well as to individual physicians, communities, and families. Throughout the pandemic, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has striven to elevate the needs of infants, children, and adolescents, as well as the pediatricians who care for this population. Historically, these communities have often been overlooked and deprioritized in health care systems, and these deficits persisted into the pandemic. To fill this gap, the AAP took on an essential role in leading the national response for pediatrics...
March 15, 2024: Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484280/eosinophilic-cellulitis-wells-syndrome-in-a-female-pediatric-patient
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María J Aráoz, María M Buján, María Del V Centeno, Andrea B Cervini
Wells' syndrome, or eosinophilic cellulitis, is an inflammatory disease of unknown origin, uncommon in the pediatric age. It usually appears clinically as erythematous and edematous plaques, nodules, papules, blisters, among other symptoms. Here we describe the case of a female pediatric patient with generalized, asymptomatic subcutaneous nodules associated with severe eosinophilia. The histopathological examination of the lesions was compatible with Wells' syndrome. An interdisciplinary evaluation was performed to establish the cause and look for associated eosinophilic disorders; the results were negative...
March 21, 2024: Archivos Argentinos de Pediatría
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484272/slipping-rib-syndrome-in-childhood-a-case-series
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Víctor Álvarez-Muñoz, Ángeles Prado, Nataliz Vega, David Crehuet, Laura Sánchez, Luis Vega
Among the causes of chest pain, slipping rib has a low prevalence, usually with a history of trauma, and its management is controversial. Slipping rib syndrome should be included in the differential diagnosis of causes of chest pain in children. When not associated with previous trauma and cartilage deformity, it is necessary to consider an alteration in rib development, regardless of the typical traumatic etiology in adults. Here we describe a series of pediatric patients with slipping rib seen at a referral hospital between 2001 and 2022...
March 21, 2024: Archivos Argentinos de Pediatría
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484270/nirsevimab-a-review
#15
REVIEW
Howard Balbi
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in people of all ages and is the leading cause of hospitalization among infants in the United States. The year 2023 was exciting for RSV prevention. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 3 new tools for preventing severe lower respiratory tract RSV infections in infants, young children, and elderly persons. In May 2023, the FDA approved 2 vaccines, RSVpreF3 (Arexvy™, GSK) and RSVpreF (Abrysvo™, Pfizer), for adults ages 60 years or older to be given as a single-dose intramuscular injection...
March 2024: Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484221/tumors-of-the-central-nervous-system-classification-of-the-world-health-organization-2021-towards-a-paradigm-shift
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ramiro J Del Río, Santiago E Cicutti, Javier D González Ramos
The study of central nervous system (CNS) tumors is a subject of great interest and such knowledge is of great importance in medical practice. The classifications of CNS neoplasms began in the mid-19th century, until the World Health Organization (WHO) published, in 1979, the first edition of a useful systematic review for the purpose of establishing a common language for all medical specialties. To date, 5 updated editions of neoplastic taxonomy have been published. The fifth edition, from 2021, consolidates the paradigm shift brought about by molecular advances, although the transition between morphological and molecular biological characterization is still in progress...
March 21, 2024: Archivos Argentinos de Pediatría
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484185/increase-in-the-frequency-of-scurvy-in-children-with-food-selectivity-a-case-series
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Aguirre, Mariela Buscio, Analía Solari, Antonella Bozzani, Sofía Piantanida, Marisa Armeno, Lucrecia Arpí
Scurvy is a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency. Although rare, in recent years, the number of scurvy cases in children with eating disorders has increased. Its manifestations are varied because vitamin C is a cofactor in numerous processes, such as collagen synthesis. The typical skin manifestations include petechiae, bruising, and hyperkeratosis. Mucosal involvement manifests as gingivitis with hypertrophy, bleeding, and loss of teeth. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings and may be confirmed by measuring plasma vitamin C levels...
March 21, 2024: Archivos Argentinos de Pediatría
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483326/charge-regulation-at-the-nanoscale-as-evidenced-from-light-responsive-nanoemulsions
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dana Glikman, Leonard Wyszynski, Valentin Lindfeld, Sebastian Hochstädt, Michael Ryan Hansen, Johannes Neugebauer, Monika Schönhoff, Björn Braunschweig
Emulsions are indispensable in everyday life, and the demand for emulsions' diversity and control of properties is therefore substantial. As emulsions possess a high internal surface area, an understanding of the oil/water (o/w) interfaces at the molecular level is fundamental but often impaired by experimental limitations to probe emulsion interfaces in situ. Here, we have used light-responsive surfactants (butyl-AAP) that can photoisomerize between E and Z isomers by visible and UV light irradiation to tune the emulsion interfaces...
March 14, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482582/bilirubin-measurement-and-phototherapy-use-after-the-aap-2022-newborn-hyperbilirubinemia-guideline
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leela Sarathy, Joseph H Chou, Giuseppina Romano-Clarke, Katherine A Darci, Paul H Lerou
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Guidelines for the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia have helped to reduce rates of significant hyperbilirubinemia. However, recent evidence suggesting overtreatment and potential harms of phototherapy have informed the American Academy of Pediatrics clinical practice guideline revision and the accompanying increase in phototherapy thresholds. These changes are predicted to safely reduce overuse; however, to date, the exact effect of these guidelines has not been established...
March 14, 2024: Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481144/transcriptome-analysis-reveals-regulatory-mechanisms-of-different-drought-tolerant-gleditsia-sinensis-seedlings-under-drought-stress
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fuhua Liu, Yang Zhao, Xiurong Wang, Biao Wang, Feng Xiao, Kequan He
BACKGROUND: Gleditsia sinensis is a significant tree species from both ecological and economic perspectives. However, its growth is hampered by temporary droughts during the seedling stage, thereby impeding the development of the G. sinensis industry. Drought stress and rehydration of semi-annual potted seedlings using an artificial simulated water control method. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses were conducted on leaves collected from highly resistant (HR) and highly susceptible (HS) seedling families at five different stages during the process of drought stress and rehydration to investigate their gene expression patterns...
March 13, 2024: BMC genomic data
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