keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493246/analysis-of-the-finasteride-treatment-and-its-withdrawal-in-the-rat-hypothalamus-and-hippocampus-at-whole-transcriptome-level
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S Giatti, L Cioffi, S Diviccaro, R Piazza, R C Melcangi
PURPOSE: As reported in patients treated for androgenetic alopecia with finasteride (i.e., a blocker of the enzyme 5 alpha-reductase) and in an animal model, side effects affecting sexual, psychiatric, neurological, and physical domains, may occur during the treatment and persist with drug suspension. The etiopathogenesis of these side effects has been poorly explored. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide analysis of finasteride effects in the brain of adult male rat. METHODS: Animals were treated (i...
March 17, 2024: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37889126/continuous-flow-electrorotation-crot-improved-throughput-characterization-for-dielectric-properties-of-cancer-cells
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kazuma Yoda, Yoshiyasu Ichikawa, Masahiro Motosuke
This paper presents the concept of a newly developed high-throughput measurement device for determining the dielectric properties of cancer cells. The proposed continuous-flow electrorotation (cROT) device can induce electrorotation (ROT) with vertical rotation using two sets of interdigitated electrodes on the top and bottom substrates to torque the cells. In the developed device, multiple rotating cells flowing in a microchannel are aligned between electrodes using dielectrophoresis. This allows for the measurement of the rotational behavior of the cells with continuous flow, resulting in a significant improvement in throughput compared to the conventional ROT devices reported previously...
October 27, 2023: Lab on a Chip
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37670201/metabolic-derangement-by-arsenic-a-review-of-the-mechanisms
#3
REVIEW
K Bibha, T M Akhigbe, M A Hamed, R E Akhigbe
Studies have implicated arsenic exposure in various pathological conditions, including metabolic disorders, which have become a global phenomenon, affecting developed, developing, and under-developed nations. Despite the huge risks associated with arsenic exposure, humans remain constantly exposed to it, especially through the consumption of contaminated water and food. This present study provides an in-depth insight into the mechanistic pathways involved in the metabolic derangement by arsenic. Compelling pieces of evidence demonstrate that arsenic induces metabolic disorders via multiple pathways...
September 6, 2023: Biological Trace Element Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37307919/carnitine-o-octanoyltransferase-is-a-p53-target-that-promotes-oxidative-metabolism-and-cell-survival-following-nutrient-starvation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jack D Sanford, Derek Franklin, Gabriella A Grois, Aiwen Jin, Yanping Zhang
Whereas it is known that p53 broadly regulates cell metabolism, the specific activities that mediate this regulation remain partially understood. Here, we identified carnitine o-octanoyltransferase (CROT) as a p53 transactivation target that is upregulated by cellular stresses in a p53-dependent manner. CROT is a peroxisomal enzyme catalyzing very long-chain fatty acids conversion to medium chain fatty acids that can be absorbed by mitochondria during β-oxidation. p53 induces CROT transcription through binding to consensus response elements in the 5'-UTR of CROT mRNA...
July 2023: Journal of Biological Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37277468/a-multi-enzyme-machine-polymerizes-the-haemophilus-influenzae-type-b-capsule
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Javier O Cifuente, Julia Schulze, Andrea Bethe, Valerio Di Domenico, Christa Litschko, Insa Budde, Lukas Eidenberger, Hauke Thiesler, Isabel Ramón Roth, Monika Berger, Heike Claus, Cecilia D'Angelo, Alberto Marina, Rita Gerardy-Schahn, Mario Schubert, Marcelo E Guerin, Timm Fiebig
Bacterial capsules have critical roles in host-pathogen interactions. They provide a protective envelope against host recognition, leading to immune evasion and bacterial survival. Here we define the capsule biosynthesis pathway of Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib), a Gram-negative bacterium that causes severe infections in infants and children. Reconstitution of this pathway enabled the fermentation-free production of Hib vaccine antigens starting from widely available precursors and detailed characterization of the enzymatic machinery...
June 5, 2023: Nature Chemical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37248863/evaluation-of-clinical-factors-and-outcome-of-systemic-glucocorticoid-therapy-discontinuation-in-patients-with-pemphigus-achieving-complete-remission
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mingyue Wang, Jiaqi Li, Panpan Shang, Shan Chong, Yan Chen, Liuqi Zhao, Rui Wang, Birao Fan, Furong Li, Xi Chen, Yuexin Zhang, Junyu Zhao, Jingyang Dang, Xixue Chen, Xuejun Zhu
Therapy discontinuation of systemic glucocorticoid treatment for pemphigus remains uncertain at the clinical end point of complete remission. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with achieving complete remission off therapy (CROT) and analyze the occurrence of relapse after therapy discontinuation. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology of Peking University First Hospital. A total of 447 patients with pemphigus treated from 2005 to 2020 were identified...
May 30, 2023: Journal of Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36896782/non%C3%A2-viral-transfection-methods-optimized-for-mirna-delivery-to-human-dermal-fibroblasts
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mirosław Kucharski, Patrycja Mrowiec, Szymon Białka, Hanna Misiołek, Maciej Misiołek, Andrzej Sechman, Dorota Zięba-Przybylska, Ewa Ocłoń
Fibroblasts are beneficial model cells for in vitro studies and are frequently used in tissue engineering. A number of transfection reagents have been employed to deliver microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) into cells for genetic manipulation. The present study aimed to establish an effective method of transient miRNA mimic transfection into human dermal fibroblasts. The experimental conditions included three different methods: Physical/mechanical nucleofection, and two lipid‑based methods, Viromer® Blue and INTERFERin® ...
April 2023: Molecular Medicine Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36778142/construction-and-validation-of-a-fatty-acid-metabolism-related-gene-signature-for-predicting-prognosis-and-therapeutic-response-in-patients-with-prostate-cancer
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongjun Zhao, Tong Wu, Zehao Luo, Qinyao Huang, Sihua Zhu, Chunling Li, Zubing Zhang, Jiahao Zhang, Jianwen Zeng, Yuying Zhang
BACKGROUND: Reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism is a newly-identified hallmark of malignancy. However, no studies have systematically investigated the fatty acid metabolism related-gene set in prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: A cohort of 381 patients with gene expression and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas was used as the training set, while another cohort of 90 patients with PCa from GEO (GSE70769) was used as the validation set. Differentially expressed fatty acid metabolism-related genes were subjected to least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox regression to establish a fatty acid metabolism-related risk score...
2023: PeerJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36757299/myc-glutamine-dependency-is-a-therapeutic-vulnerability-in-pancreatic-cancer-with-deoxycytidine-kinase-inactivation-induced-gemcitabine-resistance
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suman Dash, Takeshi Ueda, Akiyoshi Komuro, Hisayuki Amano, Masahiko Honda, Masahito Kawazu, Hitoshi Okada
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most life-threatening malignancies. Although the deoxycytidine analog gemcitabine has been used as the first-line treatment for PDAC, the primary clinical challenge arises because of an eventual acquisition of resistance. Therefore, it is crucial to elucidate the mechanisms underlying gemcitabine resistance to improve treatment efficacy. To investigate potential genes whose inactivation confers gemcitabine resistance, we performed CRISPR knockout library screening...
February 9, 2023: Molecular Cancer Research: MCR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36668821/commercial-antivenoms-exert-broad-paraspecific-immunological-binding-and-in-vitro-inhibition-of-medically-important-bothrops-pit-viper-venoms
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaffer Alsolaiss, Nessrin Alomran, Laura Hawkins, Nicholas R Casewell
Snakebite envenoming is a life threatening neglected tropical disease that represents a considerable public health concern in the tropics. Viperid snakes of the genus Bothrops are among those of greatest medical importance in Latin America, and they frequently cause severe systemic haemotoxicity and local tissue destructive effects in human victims. Although snakebite antivenoms can be effective therapeutics, their efficacy is undermined by venom toxin variation among snake species. In this study we investigated the extent of paraspecific venom cross-reactivity exhibited by three distinct anti- Bothrops antivenoms (Soro antibotrópico-crotálico, BothroFav and PoliVal-ICP) against seven different Bothrops pit viper venoms from across Latin America...
December 20, 2022: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36641627/a-systematic-scoping-review-of-the-ethics-of-contributor-role-ontologies-and-taxonomies
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Hosseini, Bert Gordijn, Q Eileen Wafford, Kristi L Holmes
Contributor Role Ontologies and Taxonomies (CROTs) provide a standard list of roles to specify individual contributions to research. CROTs most common application has been their inclusion alongside author bylines in scholarly publications. With the recent uptake of CROTs among publishers -particularly the Contributor Role Taxonomy (CRediT)- some have anticipated a positive impact on ethical issues regarding the attribution of credit and responsibilities, but others have voiced concerns about CROTs shortcomings and ways they could be misunderstood or have unintended consequences...
January 14, 2023: Accountability in Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36587768/carnitine-octanoyltransferase-is-important-for-the-assimilation-of-exogenous-acetyl-l-carnitine-into-acetyl-coa-in-mammalian-cells
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jake Hsu, Nina Fatuzzo, Nielson Weng, Wojciech Michno, Wentao Dong, Maryline Kienle, Yuqin Dai, Anca Pasca, Monther Abu-Remaileh, Natalie Rasgon, Benedetta Bigio, Carla Nasca, Chaitan Khosla
In eukaryotes carnitine is best known for its ability to shuttle esterified fatty acids across mitochondrial membranes for β-oxidation. It also returns to the cytoplasm, in the form of acetyl-L-carnitine (LAC), some of the resulting acetyl groups for post-translational protein modification and lipid biosynthesis. While dietary LAC supplementation has been clinically investigated, its effects on cellular metabolism are not well understood. To explain how exogenous LAC influences mammalian cell metabolism, we synthesized isotope-labeled forms of LAC and its analogs...
December 29, 2022: Journal of Biological Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36432690/determination-of-metabolomics-profiling-in-bpa-induced-impaired-metabolism
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Alvi, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Azka Yaqoob, Syed Muhammad Shoaib
Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) is unavoidable and it has far-reaching negative effects on living systems. This study aimed to explore the toxic effects of BPA in an experimental animal model through a metabolomics approach that is useful in measuring small molecule perturbations. Beside this, we also examined the ameliorative effects of resveratrol (RSV) against BPA-induced disturbances in experimental mice. This study was conducted for 28 days, and the results showed that BPA indeed induced an impairment in amino acid metabolism, taking place in the mitochondria by significantly ( p < 0...
November 17, 2022: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36330218/biochemical-profiling-of-metabolomics-in-heavy-metal-intoxicated-impaired-metabolism-and-its-amelioration-using-plant-based-bioactive-compound
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Azka Yaqoob, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Maria Alvi, Syed Muhammad Shoaib
Exposure to Pb is widely spreading and has far-reaching negative effects on living systems. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of Pb, through biochemical profiling and the ameliorative effects of quercetin against Pb-toxicity. Twenty-five male Wistar albino mice were divided into the following five groups. The CON-group received normal saline; the Pb-group received PbAc; the Pb + Q-CRN group received lead acetate followed by quercetin; the Q-CRN group received quercetin; and the CRN group received corn oil...
2022: Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36213507/serbp1-affects-the-apoptotic-level-by-regulating-the-expression-and-alternative-splicing-of-cellular-and-metabolic-process-genes-in-hela-cells
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junjie Zhou, Wenhao Chen, Qianwen He, Dong Chen, Chunguang Li, Congqing Jiang, Zhao Ding, Qun Qian
Background: RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have important roles in orchestrating posttranscriptional regulation and modulating many tumorigenesis events. SERBP1 has been recognized as an important regulator in multiple cancers, while it remains unclear whether SERBP1-regulated gene expression at the transcriptome-wide level is significantly correlated with tumorigenesis. Methods: We overexpressed SERBP1 in HeLa cells and explored whether SERBP1 overexpression (SERBP1-OE) affects the proliferation and apoptosis of HeLa cells...
2022: PeerJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36195266/adaptive-resistance-is-not-responsible-for-long-term-drug-resistance-in-a-cellular-model-of-triple-negative-breast-cancer
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Uttom Kumar, Marcos Castellanos-Uribe, Sean T May, Ernesto Yagüe
Resistance to cancer therapeutics represents a leading cause of mortality and is particularly important in cancers, such as triple negative breast cancer, for which no targeted therapy is available, as these are only treated with traditional chemotherapeutics. Cancer, as well as bacterial, drug resistance can be intrinsic, acquired or adaptive. Adaptive cancer drug resistance is gaining attention as a mechanism for the generation of long-term drug resistance as is the case with bacterial antibiotic resistance...
October 1, 2022: Gene
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36184600/an-expansion-to-the-n%C3%A3-gerl-s-theory-of-proportionality-in-reduced-alveolar-bone-height-models-a-3d-finite-element-analysis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Allahyar Geramy, Amir Reza Geramy, Behzad Fazli
INTRODUCTION: Orthodontic tooth movement is a basic theme in an orthodontic treatment. According to Nägerl, A nearer force application to the center of resistance will bring a farther center of rotation to the center of resistance. The main goal of this study was to evaluate this theory of proportionality by Finite element method (FEM) and find out its applicability in a bone loss situation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three 3D FEM of an upper central incisor were designed in Solidworks 2016, the first one with a healthy bone height (model 1), with 3 mm of bone loss (model 2) and with 4...
October 2, 2022: BMC Oral Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36120434/the-mir-33a-5p-crot-axis-mediates-ovarian-cancer-cell-behaviors-and-chemoresistance-via-the-regulation-of-the-tgf-%C3%AE-signal-pathway
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Li, Xuzhu Gao, Jia Yuan, Fancheng Wang, Xiaolin Xu, Chenglong Wang, Huiqiang Liu, Wencai Guan, Jihong Zhang, Guoxiong Xu
Due to the lack of symptoms and detection biomarkers at the early stage, most patients with ovarian cancer (OC) are diagnosed at an advanced stage and often face chemoresistance and relapse. Hence, defining detection biomarkers and mechanisms of chemoresistance is imperative. A previous report of a cDNA microarray analysis shows a potential association of carnitine O-octanoyltransferase (CROT) with taxane resistance but the biological function of CROT in OC remains unknown. The current study explored the function and regulatory mechanism of CROT on cellular behavior and paclitaxel (PTX)-resistance in OC...
2022: Frontiers in Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36058299/the-regulators-of-peroxisomal-acyl-carnitine-shuttle-crot-and-crat-promote-metastasis-in-melanoma
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irene Lasheras-Otero, Iker Feliu, Alberto Maillo, Haritz Moreno, Marta Redondo-Muñoz, Paula Aldaz, Ana Bocanegra, Ana Olias-Arjona, Fernando Lecanda, Joaquin Fernandez-Irigoyen, Enrique Santamaria, Ignacio M Larrayoz, David Gomez-Cabrero, Claudia Wellbrock, Silvestre Vicent, Imanol Arozarena
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are the key link between a primary tumor and distant metastases, but once in the bloodstream loss of adhesion induces cell death. To identify mechanisms relevant for melanoma CTC survival we performed RNAseq and discovered that detached melanoma cells and isolated melanoma CTCs rewire lipid metabolism by up-regulating fatty acid transport and fatty acid beta-oxidation (FAO) related genes. In melanoma patients high expression of fatty acid transporters and FAO enzymes significantly correlates with reduced progression free and overall survival...
September 1, 2022: Journal of Investigative Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35580653/effect-of-the-phospholipase-a-2-inhibitor-varespladib-and-its-synergism-with-crotalic-antivenom-on-the-neuromuscular-blockade-induced-by-crotalus-durissus-terrificus-venom-with-and-without-crotamine-in-mouse-neuromuscular-preparations
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jocimar de Souza, Isadora C F Oliveira, Edson H Yoshida, Nathalia M Cantuaria, José C Cogo, Kristian A Torres-Bonilla, Stephen Hyslop, Nelson J Silva Junior, Rafael S Floriano, José María Gutiérrez, Yoko Oshima-Franco
The venom of the South American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus causes an irreversible neuromuscular blockade in isolated preparations due to action of the presynaptically-acting heterodimeric phospholipase A2 (PLA2 ) crotoxin. Some populations of this subspecies contain, in addition to crotoxin, the toxin crotamine, which acts directly on muscle fibers. In this study we used C. d. terrificus venoms with (crot+) or without (crot-) crotamine to test whether Varespladib, a PLA2 inhibitor, is able to abrogate the neuromuscular blockade induced by these venoms comparatively with crotalic antivenom...
July 30, 2022: Toxicon: Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology
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