Hashimoto encephalopathy

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical practice applicability of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) criteria (2016). METHODS: Medical records of 538 adults diagnosed with AE or related autoimmune encephalopathy at Mayo Clinic (not including pure movement disorders) were reviewed and AE guideline criteria applied. RESULTS: Of 538 patients, 288 were male (52%). The median symptom onset age was 55 years (range, 11-97 years; 16 had onset as children)...

Hashimoto's encephalopathy is a rare life-threatening disease entity with clinical presentation like psychiatric as well as neurological diseases, thus making it a challenging clinical scenario for physicians leading to delay in diagnosis and management of the patient. The incidence overall is under-estimated because of low overall awareness about the disease. Here, we report a 44-year-old female who was being treated for psychiatric disorders because of clinical presentation like catatonia but ultimately was diagnosed with Hashimoto's encephalopathy and responded very well to steroids...

Autoimmune encephalitis is increasingly recognized in clinical practice. We are presenting a 72-year-old female patient who initially presented with a new onset seizure with temporal lobe abnormality on imaging. This was initially attributed to herpes encephalitis although herpes polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was negative. The patient was treated with acyclovir and antiepileptic medication (AEM) with some clinical improvement. She presented again with refractory seizure evolving to status epilepticus...

BACKGROUND: There is overlap between movement disorders and neuroendocrine abnormalities. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: To provide a systematic review on the association of thyroid dysfunction and movement disorders. Thyroid physiological function and classical thyroid disorders highlighting typical and atypical manifestations including movement disorders, as well as diagnostic procedures, and treatments are discussed. RESULTS: Hypothyroidism may be associated with hypokinetic and hyperkinetic disorders...

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To describe the clinical manifestations of Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) and discuss its pathogenesis in light of recent research. RECENT FINDINGS: The pathogenesis of HE is uncertain. Available evidences point towards an autoimmune etiology due to vasculitis or other inflammatory process. Detection of thyroid antibodies - antithyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin are essential for diagnosis. Autoimmune encephalitis including Anti-IgLON5 disease needs to be excluded in suspected cases with appropriate tests for neuronal surface antibodies...

Thyroid disorders are known to cause neuropsychiatric manifestations. Various neuropsychiatric manifestations are depression, dementia, mania, and autoimmune Hashimoto encephalopathy. Numerous investigations carried out in the previous 50-60 years have been evaluated critically. The pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric symptoms of thyroid diseases is described in the current study and its link with autoimmune Hashimoto encephalopathy is also discussed. Furthermore, this paper also describes the association between thyroid-stimulating hormones and cognitive impairment...

BACKGROUND: Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT) is a rare but potentially reversible autoimmune encephalopathy. The most frequent neuroimaging correlates are normal brain MRI or non-specific white matter hyperintensities. METHODS: We present the first description of conus medullaris involvement, also providing an extensive review of MRI patterns described so far. RESULTS: Our results show that in less than 30% of cases, it is possible to find focal SREAT neuroanatomical correlates...

INTRODUCTION: Steroid-responsive encephalopathy in autoimmune thyroiditis (SREAT) is characterised by a wide range of neuropsychiatric symptoms and elevated thyroid antibodies. SREAT can mimic sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) and distinguishing between both entities is important because SREAT responds to corticosteroids. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data of patients reported to the National Reference Centre for the Surveillance of CJD in Göttingen, Germany between August 1994 and October 2008 was retrospectively reviewed...

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Abnormal elevation of thyroid antibodies in the CSF is observed in 62-75% of Hashimoto's encephalopathy cases. However, the relationship between CSF thyroid antibody levels and response to therapy has been poorly evaluated. We report the case of a 68-year-old man with Hashimoto's encephalopathy, in whom there was a relation between the favorable clinical outcome and the disappearance of antithyroid antibodies from the CSF and a decrease in serum thyroid antibodies.

A 51-year-old Japanese man presented with slowly progressing cerebellar ataxia from age 49. Anti-thyroglobulin, anti-thyroid peroxidase, and anti-NAE antibodies were detected. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed moderate atrophy of the pons, cerebellum, and middle cerebellar peduncle. Dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography showed normal uptake. With the diagnosis of Hashimoto's encephalopathy, repeated steroid pulse therapy and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy were administered; however, they were ineffective for cerebellar ataxia...

Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) is a rare diagnosis with a heterogenous presentation. It may not be directly related to thyroid dysfunction as most patients are euthyroid when the symptoms start. There has been a lack of consensus building on the pathophysiology of HE, but most of the evidence points towards autoimmune vasculitis as the underlying process. HE can present as seizures, cognitive dysfunction, tremors, or stroke-like symptoms with focal neurological deficits. Cerebellar ataxia (motor incoordination due to dysfunction of the cerebellum) is seen in HE but is a rare occurrence...

This case report presents a unique case of a difficult differential diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) in the setting of Mycoplasma pneumoniae . A 40-year-old female with a history of Hashimoto thyroiditis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and a lower respiratory infection presented to the emergency department with new-onset progressive neurological symptoms. These included generalized tonic-clonic seizure and worsening respiratory status that required intubation and tracheostomy. Blood cultures returned positive for M...

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibody (TSH-R-Ab or TRAb) testing plays a pivotal role in arriving at the aetiological diagnosis in patients with thyrotoxicosis. A positive test establishes the diagnosis of Graves' disease (GD) while a negative result in conjunction with imaging studies supports other possible aetiologies. In patients with GD, TRAb levels at diagnosis and at the time of withdrawal of antithyroid drugs can identify patients who are unlikely to achieve remission and guide clinical management decisions...

Hashimoto's encephalopathy is a rare disease, first reported in 1966, with a prevalence of 2.1 in 1000 inhabitants. We present the case of a 42- year- old woman, with no relevant medical history, who suddenly started having symptoms of altered consciousness, visual hallucinations and de-lusions. Laboratory tests showed anti- thyroperoxidase antibodies greater than 600 U/ml, thy-roxin 0.93 U/ml, and thyroid stimulating hormone 1.60 U/ml. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral subcortical focal lesions with a nonspecific demyelinating appearance...

An Unusual Cause for Reversible Encephalopathy Abstract. A 80-year-old female patient was referred to our unit with increasing general weakness, dysphagia, postural instability, and cognitive impairment over the last months. After thorough diagnosis, we concluded that steroid responsive encephalopathy of autoimmune thyroiditis could be the potential cause of the acute deterioration. A cortisone therapy was initiated, which lead to amelioration of the symptoms.

INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune encephalopathy (AE) is an increasingly recognized cause of cognitive impairment. This study investigates the use of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) to characterize treatment response of AE cognitive symptoms in ambulatory clinical practice. METHODS: Retrospective evaluation of 29 consecutive patients treated for AE at the University of Cincinnati Memory Disorders Clinic. All patients underwent RBANS before treatment and 4-5 weeks after treatment...