Naoko Takeo, Masashi Nakamura, Satoshi Nakayama, Osamu Okamoto, Naoki Sugimoto, Shinichi Sugiura, Nayu Sato, Susumu Harada, Masao Yamaguchi, Naoya Mitsui, Yumiko Kubota, Kayoko Suzuki, Makoto Terada, Akiyo Nagai, Junko Sowa-Osako, Yutaka Hatano, Hiroshi Akiyama, Akiko Yagami, Sakuhei Fujiwara, Kayoko Matsunaga
BACKGROUND: Cochineal dye is used worldwide as a red coloring in foods, drinks, cosmetics, quasi-drugs, and drugs. The main component of the red color is carminic acid (CA). Carmine is an aluminum- or calcium-chelated product of CA. CA and carmine usually contain contaminating proteins, including a 38-kDa protein thought to be the primary allergen. Severe allergic reactions manifest as anaphylaxis. The aim of this study was to review all Japanese reported cases and propose useful diagnostic chart...
October 2018: Allergology International: Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology