Nail biting

OBJECTIVE: Fingernails are a perfect area for harboring bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., and Escherichia coli. These bacteria under the long nails may cause diseases due to the contact of nails with food or while biting the nails. Our study aimed to compare the antibacterial activity of chloroxylenol and thymol, two different detergent ingredients, on microorganisms isolated from long fingernails. This study was performed to raise awareness of the dangers of long nails and the importance of good nail hygiene...

OBJECTIVE: Body Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRB) is an umbrella term for undesirable, repetitive motor activities such as Trichotillomania (TTM), Skin Picking Disorder (SPD), nail biting, cheek chewing, lip biting, finger sucking, finger cracking and teeth grinding. Such behaviors are engaged in to eliminate a part of the body and may result in impaired functionality. The frequency of presentation to clinicians is low since BFRB are defined as harmless, although the number of studies on this condition has increased rapidly recently, including those making a clear determination of epidemiological data, those investigating the etiopathogenesis and those providing treatment guidelines, although they remain inadequate...

BACKGROUND: The lack of clinical guidelines for the treatment of primary psychodermatologic disorders (PPDs) hinders the delivery of optimal care to patients. The review aimed to identify, appraise, and summarize the currently available evidence about the safety and effectiveness of pharmacological management of PPDs through randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRIMSA) statement and the Global Evidence Mapping Initiative guidance were followed...

Introduction While resilience is the quality of being buffered against stressors, practising oral habits is suggested to be a maladaptive behaviour towards stressors. The relation between resilience and practising oral habits in children remains vague.Aims This study aims to investigate the association between practising oral habits and resilience in children aged 5-7 years.Materials and methods An electronic Google form questionnaire was distributed through social media among five schools' children's parents, utilising the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-Revised Person Most Knowledgeable version (PMK-CYRM-R) scale as a resilience assessment tool, and the third domain of interview part of the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screen (NOT-S) as a habit assessment tool...

INTRODUCTION: This study determines clinical features of body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs) among a sample of Turkish children and adolescents, evaluates the naturalistic treatments selected in this sample, and determines the effects of those treatments during a 3-month follow-up. METHODS: The study included a cohort of 67 patients 9 to 17 years old attending a tertiary center between March and June 2013 with complaints of nail biting, skin picking, and/or hair pulling...

The Habit Reversal Training (HRT) is a behavioral procedure for treating the so-called nervous habits, such as nail biting, hair pulling and thumb sucking. In addition to being an established clinical procedure, HRT is also a strategy for behavioral change that can serve the entire community. For this reason, this review aims to explore the studies proposing the use of HRT for the reduction of hand-to-face habits in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Touching one's nose, mouth and eyes, indeed, is one of the means of virus transmission that many awareness campaigns seek to highlight...

Onychophagia is a habitual nail-biting disorder, usually associated with mental or emotional diseases. It affects 20-30% of the population in all age groups. Human bites have the potential to become serious injuries due to high virulence in the human oral flora and may often require hospital admission, antibiotics and even debridement in the operating room. Thus, repetitive nail biting has the potential to be limb-threatening if not treated early and appropriately. We present a 49-year-old Spanish-speaking gentleman, with a past medical history of repetitive nail biting secondary to severe anxiety, major depression disorder, bilateral hand neuropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 who was initially admitted to the hospital due to cellulitis of the fingers with suspected osteomyelitis in the right hand...

AIM: This study will aid in determining the prevalence and risk factors for dental trauma. This will assist in developing a treatment budget plan, thereby, fend off complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was an observational study, having a cross-sectional design, in which information was obtained from 555 participants. Data were obtained using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. A validated questionnaire was used as a study tool. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS, version 20)...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of nail biting in child and adolescent outpatients at a single institution and the chronological relationship between nail biting and tics in patients with Tourette syndrome (TS) with or without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: Teaching hospital in Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS: All participants were aged 4-18 years, including 535 patients with TS, 230 patients with provisional tic disorder and 1460 patients without neurological or psychiatric disorders (controls)...

Enterobiasis is a highly infectious parasitic disease spreading worldwide including Yemen. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of enterobiasis among Yemeni children in Dhamar governorate. A total of 402 children (aged 1-12 years) participated in this cross-sectional survey carried out at Thamar University Al-Wahdah Teaching Hospital (TUWTH), between 2018 and 2019. Enterobius vermicularis infection was examined using the adhesive tape technique. Association between risk factors and enterobiasis were measured by prevalence ratio (PR)...

(1) This study aimed to investigate the association between child abuse and oral habits in adolescents in Mongolia. (2) A cross-sectional survey was conducted with children and their caregivers in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Parents of 770 children enrolled in two public schools in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, completed questionnaires regarding the physical and psychological abuse that their children were subjected to and the presence of poor oral habits (biting nails/lips/pens and bruxism). Multivariable Poisson regression models were fitted with adjustment for age, gender, age of the mother, parental education, family income level, birth order, and living status with grandparents...

Herpetic whitlow is a viral infection of the fingers or toes caused by the herpes simplex virus. Herpes simplex virus is a common pathogen that causes infections in any cutaneous or mucocutaneous surface, most commonly gingivostomatitis or genital herpes. However, infection of the digits is also infrequently reported. Herpetic whitlow occurs when the virus infects the distal phalanx of the fingers or toes by means of direct inoculation, causing pain, swelling, erythema, and vesicle formation. The proper diagnosis is important because the condition can mimic various other podiatric abnormalities such as paronychia, bacterial cellulitis, or even embolic disease...

The management of primary psychodermatologic disorders (PPDs) (i.e. psychiatric disorders with dermatologic presentation) is challenging. The scarceness of reported prevalence hinders the development of coordinated interventions to improve healthcare delivery. This review aimed to explore the global prevalence of PPDs. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses statement. Of the 4632 identified publications, 59 were included. Five PPDs were investigated from the included studies: delusional parasitosis (n = 9), skin picking disorder (n = 26), trichotillomania (n = 26), tanning dependence (n = 5) and repetitive nail biting (n = 6)...

BACKGROUND: Hamsters are popular pets worldwide but there is limited evidence on the overall health issues of pet hamsters. This study aimed to characterise the demography, disorder prevalence and mortality of pet hamsters in the United Kingdom. METHOD: The VetCompass study included anonymised clinical records of 16,605 hamsters. RESULTS: The most common hamster species were Syrian (golden) (Mesocricetus auratus) (n=12,197, 73.45%), Djungarian (winter white dwarf) (Phodopus sungorus) (2286, 13...

Objective: College students with disordered eating (DE) are at increased risk of body focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs). Both DE and BFRBs are described as impulsive and compulsive. However, the associations of impulsive DE with impulsive BFRBs and compulsive DE with compulsive BFRBs have not been examined. Methods: 191 college-aged students completed a survey of BFRBs and DE. Results: Participants who reported hair pulling were twice as likely to report clinically significant DE than those who denied hair pulling ( p  = ...

Habit-tic nail deformity, onychophagia (also referred to as nail biting) and onychotillomania (also referred to as nail picking) are body-focused repetitive behaviors that can involve the nails and periungual skin. Patients with habit-tic nail deformity are typically unaware that repeatedly using their nail, often the adjacent index finger, to rub the proximal nail fold and its underlying matrix - usually of one or both of their thumbnails - is the cause of the longitudinal depressed groove that extends along the entire the nail plate...

Dermatodaxia describes humans who bite their skin. Previously used designations, which are less appropriate, have included chewing pads, wolf-biter, and dermatophagia. Dermatodaxia is a body-focused repetitive behavior and is classified in the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. People who bite their skin may concurrently have other related disorders such as dermatillomania (also referred to as skin picking) affecting their cutaneous integument, trichotillomania (also referred to as hair-pulling) affecting their hair, and/or onychophagia (also referred to as nail-biting) affecting their nails...

Onychophagia (nail biting) and onychotillomania (nail picking) are chronic nail conditions categorized as body-focused repetitive behavior (BFRB) disorders. Due to a limited awareness of their clinical presentations, embarrassment on the part of patients, and/or comorbid psychiatric conditions, these conditions are frequently underrecognized and misdiagnosed. This article reviews the prevalence, etiology, diagnostic criteria, historical and physical exam findings, and treatment options for these conditions...

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to: (1) study the prevalence of oral habits among school going children with primary dentition; (2) determine the association of oral habits with malocclusion in primary dentition; and (3) compare the prevalence of oral habits based on gender, race, age and grade. STUDY DESIGN: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 625 school going children with a complete set of primary dentitions. A closed-ended questionnaire was developed to gather information about oral habits followed by clinical examination...

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of parafunctions and signs and symptoms of TMD in a population group of children with and without ADHD. METHODS: The study included all 5th grade children of all public primary schools in Sopot (untreated, unguided children). The reporting rate was 91%. At the first stage of the psychological-psychiatric study both parents and children filled in the CBCLand YSR questionnaires. At the next stage, in the group of children selected during the screening, aqualified child psychiatrist conducted asemi-structured diagnostic interview K-SADS-PLand diagnosed ADHD...