Onychophagy

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study analyzed the socio-psychological need for orthodontic treatment in children and adolescents with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and its association with deleterious oral habits. METHODS: Children/adolescents aged 6-14 years old, with and without ASD, and their respective caregivers were included. Caregivers completed a questionnaire addressing children and adolescents' deleterious oral habits. To assess the socio-psychological need for orthodontic treatment, we utilized the aesthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Needs (IOTN)...

Schoolchildren in primary schools are mostly at risk of acquiring soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) infections due to their habits (geophagy, onychophagy and playing with barefoot). Profiling soil parasites on school playgrounds is expected to provide an insight to an array of parasites schoolchildren are constantly at risk of acquiring; and this information could guide on intervention programmes. Soil samples from sixteen primary school playgrounds in Edo State (South-South, Nigeria) were collected over a six-month period both in the dry (January, February and March) and wet (May, June and July) seasons in 2018 and early 2019...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by attention, concentration, mobility, and impulse control problems and is among the most frequently seen psychiatric disorders during childhood. Our aim was to evaluate cutaneous findings in children and adolescents with ADHD. In our study we found that onychophagy, traumatic skin changes, atopy and related symptoms, certain birthmarks, and acne were frequent cutaneous findings in children with ADHD. Although a limitation is the lack of a control group, ADHD is very common, and our study suggests that further studies of cutaneous findings and ADHD are warranted...

We report data on the Toxocara seroprevalence evidenced in 2015 from samples of 40 children and 298 adults of the population living in different areas of Serbia, and on possible association of certain variables with infection. Detection of specific antibodies was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; all ambiguous results and part of the positive and negative sera were further analyzed by confirmatory Western blot test. An overall 23.5% seroprevalence was noticed, which was confirmed in 13.0% of the examined population with no significant difference regarding the age (children = 10...

Objectives. This study was designed to determine the frequency of anti-Toxocara antibodies in youngsters aging from 2 to 20 years in northwest Iran. Materials and Methods. 397 samples were taken randomly almost equally from four locations in Urmia, west Azerbaijan, during August 2014 to September 2015. Anti-Toxocara IgG antibody assays were done on sera by using ELISA kit (IBL, Germany). In order to prevent cross-reaction, the samples of the patients who are infected with other parasites in stool exam, especially Ascarididae family, were also excluded...

Onychophagy is classified to the nail diseases caused by repeated injures. Nail-biting as autodestruction and onychophagy in its most aggressive form, is common not only among children but adults as well. Nail-biting in children belongs to the group of habits and habitual function, which allowed for relieving the anxiety, loneliness, inactivity in children deprived of safety feeling, love and nearest relationship. In most adults suffering from onychophagy psychiatric diseases are not diagnosed. There are different clinical symptoms of onychophagy depended on the degree and the way of performed injures...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

AIM: The aim of this work was to gather clinical data on craniomandibular (CMD)/temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders in a paediatric population. METHODS: The clinical study population comprised patients with TMJ disorders who were being treated in the orthognathic ambulatory clinic of the University of Naples, where an instrumental and clinical study was performed. Data were recorded for extra and intraoral findings, Angles classification and malocclusions. Radiographic examinations were carried out...

Subcuticular whitlow is the most frequent form of hand infections in children, mainly resulting from the penetration of a foreign body such as a thorn bush or onychophagy. Local antispesis, Dakin's fluid baths and eventually antibiotics directed toward Staphylococcus aureus are usually effective therapies. Extension to a subcutaneous whitflow needs surgery. Specific treatment must be used in case of fungal and herpetic whitlows. Paronychia tendinosa is a severe form of infection affecting flexor tendons sheaths with a high risk of sequelae; it requires an emergency surgical excision and i...

The direct propagation of a cancer of the buccal cavity or oropharynx to the bone of a distal phalanx is demonstrated in two patients suffering from onychophagy. This exceptional way of cancer propagation must be searched for if an unusual site of metastasis is encountered.

Altogether 110 children and adolescents aged 1 to 19 years with trichotillomania and its rudiments were examined. The given phenomenon is shown to be similar to the other forms of pathological habitual actions, especially to onychophagy. The author demonstrates the nosological nonspecificity of trichotillomania and a great role played in its origin of minimum brain dysfunction. Provides evidence for the concept of the biological nature of the phenomenon. Stresses the psychopathological heterogeneity of trichotillomania in different age groups with emphasis on the preservation of the common pathogenetic nucleus--the conditioned reflex fixing of the philogenetic behavioral models...