Colonic schistosomiasis

Although most studies of digenetic trematodes of the family Schistosomatidae dwell on representatives causing human schistosomiasis, the majority of the 130 identified species of schistosomes infect birds or non-human mammals. The cercariae of many of these species can cause swimmer's itch when they penetrate human skin. Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in our understanding of schistosome diversity, now encompassing 17 genera with eight more lineages awaiting description. Collectively, schistosomes exploit 16 families of caenogastropod or heterobranch gastropod intermediate hosts...

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Infection processes induce various soluble factors that are carcinogens in humans; therefore, research into the soluble factors of chronic disease released from cells that have been infected with parasites is warranted. Parasitic infections in host cells release high levels of IFNγ. Studies have hypothesised that parasitosis-associated carcinogenesis might be analogous to colorectal cancers developed from inflammatory bowel diseases, whereby various cytokines and chemokines are secreted during chronic inflammation...

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BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Human schistosomiasis is one of the most important and unfortunately neglected tropical diseases. The aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of colonic schistosomiasis among symptomatic rural inhabitants of the Middle Northern region of the Egyptian Nile delta. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study recruited 193 inhabitants of the rural community in the Egyptian Nile Delta referred for colonoscopy because of variable symptoms...

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in men and women worldwide. There are several studies showing an association between chronic schistosomiasis infection and colorectal cancer. CASE REPORT A 53-year-old woman presented with recurrent metastatic colon cancer involving the peritoneum and bilateral adnexa. The patient then underwent exploratory laparotomy that involved abdominal wall deposit resection, omentectomy, redo left hemicolectomy, peritonectomy, diaphragmatic stripping, and total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy-oophorectomy, as well as hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC)...

INTRODUCTION: Ourinhos is a municipality located between the Pardo and Paranapanema rivers, and it has been characterized by the endemic transmission of schistosomiasis since 1952. We used geospatial analysis to identify areas prone to human schistosomiasis infections in Ourinhos. We studied the association between the sewage network, co-occurrence of Biomphalaria snails (identified as intermediate hosts [IHs] of Schistosoma mansoni), and autochthonous cases. METHODS: Gi spatial statistics, Ripley's K12-function, and kernel density estimation were used to evaluate the association between schistosomiasis data reported during 2007-2016 and the occurrence of IHs during 2015-2017...

Schistosomiasis, a neglected parasitic tropical disease that has plagued humans for centuries, remains a major public health burden. A primary challenge to understanding schistosomiasis is deciphering the most remarkable pathological feature of this disease, the granuloma - a highly dynamic and self-organized structure formed by both host and parasite components. Granulomas are considered a remarkable example of how parasites evolved with their hosts to establish complex and intimate associations. However, much remains unclear regarding life within the granuloma, and strategies to restrain its development are still lacking...

Schistosomiasis is a trematode infection rarely diagnosed in the United States. Intestinal involvement is common with chronic infection and causes abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, hematochezia, and polyp formation. Chronic, disseminated infection can affect the intestines causing the aforementioned symptoms, but reports of intestinal polyps are rare. Most cases are inflammatory fibrous polyps in the colon. There are very few cases reported in the literature of hamartomatous polyps arising in the small intestine...

BACKGROUND: Chronic intestinal schistosomiasis has been reported to be associated with colonic polyps, colorectal cancer and ulcerative colitis. We aim to investigate the clinical characteristics of intestinal-related lesions caused by chronic intestinal schistosomiasis japonicum. METHODS: Patients with and without chronic intestinal schistosomiasis were retrospectively enrolled from the endoscopy center of Wuhan Union Hospital from September 1, 2014, to June 30, 2019 with a ratio of 4:1...

Schistosomiasis (bilharzia) is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic flatworms of the genus Schistosoma, with considerable morbidity in parts of the Middle East, South America, Southeast Asia, in sub-Saharan Africa, and particularly also in Europe. The WHO describes an increasing global health burden with more than 290 million people threatened by the disease and a potential to spread into regions with temperate climates like Corsica, France. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of S...

In spite of growing evidence supporting the occurrence of complex interactions between Schistosoma and gut bacteria in mice and humans, no data is yet available on whether worm-mediated changes in microbiota composition are dependent on the baseline gut microbial profile of the vertebrate host. In addition, the impact of such changes on the susceptibility to, and pathophysiology of, schistosomiasis remains largely unexplored. In this study, mice colonized with gut microbial populations from a human donor (HMA mice), as well as microbiota-wild type (WT) animals, were infected with Schistosoma mansoni , and alterations of their gut microbial profiles at 50 days post-infection were compared to those occurring in uninfected HMA and WT rodents, respectively...

Schistosomiasis (bilharziasis) is a common parasitic disease in subtropical and tropical parts of Africa, some parts of the Middle East, South America, Asia, and some parts of the Caribbean. It is a major public health problem and associated with significant morbidity and mortality in endemic areas. We describe a 28-year-old male patient presenting with bleeding per rectum associated with mucus secretion, abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. Blood investigation showed pancytopenia with macrocytic hypochromic anemia...

Chronic inflammation is a causative factor of many cancers, although it originally acts as a protective host response to the loss of tissue homeostasis. Many inflammatory conditions predispose susceptible cells, most of which are of epithelial origin, to neoplastic transformation. There is a close correlation between digestive tract (DT) cancer and chronic inflammation, such as esophageal adenocarcinoma associated with Barrett's esophagus, helicobacter pylori infection as the cause of stomach cancer, hepatitis leading to liver cirrhosis and subsequent cancer, and colon cancer linking to inflammatory bowel diseases and schistosomiasis ...

INTRODUCTION: Appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency. Most commonly it is a result of luminal occlusion that leads to ischaemia and eventually to perforation with resultant localised or diffuse peritonitis. Unusual causes have been documented including viral infections, parasites, tuberculosis and neoplasms. These conditions are important to recognise, as they may need additional specific management. This study endeavours to identify the incidence and type of unusual histopathology of appendicitis...

Malaria was one of the major infectious diseases in Jiangsu Province, where Anopheles sinensis and An. anthropophagus are main vectors for malaria transmission. Following the concerted efforts for decades, the goal of malaria elimination was achieved in Jiangsu Province in 2019, and the vector control strategy has played a vital role during the progress towards malaria elimination in Jiangsu Province. Hereby, we review the historical distribution and ecological features of An. sinensis and An. anthropophagus and describe vector control strategies at different stages of malaria control in Jiangsu Province...

A 62-year-old Asian man presented with a 3-month history of right iliac fossa pain which had progressively worsened over the last 3 weeks. All blood parameters were found to be unremarkable except for mildly elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. CT imaging demonstrated thickening of the ascending colon and caecum. Colonoscopic biopsies showed submucosal granulomas with features suggestive of schistosomiasis and parasite serology was positive for Schistosoma antibodies. He was treated with praziquantel and showed subsequent symptomatic and radiological improvement...

Purpose: To improve the understanding of hepatic carcinosarcoma (HCS) by analyzing radiological imaging data and clinicopathological features. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on four patients with HCS confirmed immunohistochemically. The analysis included three males and one female, aged 29 to 64 years. Four patients underwent computed tomography (CT) scans, and one underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans simultaneously. Results: Three patients had a history of hepatitis B, cirrhosis or fibrosis, and two patients had schistosomiasis...

The gut microbiota has been demonstrated to associate with protection against helminth infection and mediate via microbial effects on the host humoral immunity. As a non-permissive host of Schistosoma japonicum, the Microtus fortis provides an ideal animal model to be investigated, because of its natural self-healing capability. Although researches on the systemic immunological responses have revealed that the host immune system contributes a lot to the resistance, the role of gut microbiome remains unclear...

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