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REVIEW
Francisca Almeida, Alexandra Sousa
Cardiac dysfunction among cirrhotic patients has long been recognized in the medical community. While it was originally believed to be a direct result of alcohol toxicity, in the last 30 years cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) has been described as a syndrome characterized by chronic cardiac dysfunction in cirrhotic patients in the absence of known cardiac disease, regardless of the etiology of cirrhosis. CCM occurs in about 60% of patients with cirrhosis and plays a critical role in disease progression and treatment outcomes...
December 22, 2023: Portuguese Journal of Cardiology: An Official Journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kandasamy Sasikumar, Ramar Rajamanikandan, Heongkyu Ju
Carbon dots (CDs) doped with heteroatoms have garnered significant interest due to their chemically modifiable luminescence properties. Herein, nitrogen- and sulfur-codoped carbon dots (NS-CDs) were successfully prepared using p-phenylenediamine and thioacetamide via a facile process. The as-developed NS-CDs had high photostability against photobleaching, good water dispersibility, and excitation-independent spectral emission properties due to the abundant amino and sulfur functional groups on their surface...
December 17, 2023: Materials
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sofia Romagnoli, Cristina Perez, Laura Burattini, Esther Pueyo, Micaela Morettini, Agnese Sbrollini, Juan Pablo Martinez, Pablo Laguna
Sudden cardiac death is the leading cause of death among cardiovascular diseases. Markers for patient risk stratification focusing on QT-interval dynamics in response to heart-rate (HR) changes can be characterized in terms of parametric QT to RR dependence and QT/RR hysteresis. The QT/RR hysteresis can be quantified by the time delay the QT interval takes to accommodate for the HR changes. The exercise stress test has been proposed as a proper test, with large HR dynamics, to evaluate the QT/RR hysteresis...
July 2023: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon Corrall, Samantha Laws, Alan Rice
INTRODUCTION: The current Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Liaison Committee guidelines in the United Kingdom provide clear national guidance for low-voltage electrical injury patients. While patients can be considered safe to discharge with an apparently 'normal' initial electrocardiogram (ECG), some evidence questions the safety profile of these patients with a risk of a 'delayed arrhythmia'. This review aims to examine this as well as identifying the frequency and common arrhythmias that require patients to be conveyed to hospital for further monitoring post electrical injury...
December 1, 2023: British paramedic journal
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristina Klier, Lucas Koch, Lisa Graf, Timo Schinköthe, Annette Schmidt
BACKGROUND: To date, the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is the gold standard for cardiological diagnosis in clinical settings. With the advancements in technology, a growing number of smartphone apps and gadgets for recording, visualizing, and evaluating physical performance as well as health data is available. Although this new smart technology is innovative and time- and cost-efficient, less is known about its diagnostic accuracy and reliability. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the agreement between the mobile single-lead ECG measurements of the Kardia Mobile App and the Apple Watch 4 compared to the 12-lead gold standard ECG in healthy adults under laboratory conditions...
November 23, 2023: JMIR Cardio
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Theejutha Meakleartmongkol, Supawit Tangpanithandee, Natcha Vanavivit, Apisada Jiso, Pisut Pongchaikul, Suppachok Kirdlarp, Phisit Khemawoot, Surakit Nathisuwan
Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to a wide range of acute and chronic complications including long COVID, a well-known chronic sequela. Long COVID often necessitates long-term treatment, which may lead to an increased potential for drug-drug interactions (DDIs). The objective of this study was to assess potential DDIs among frequently prescribed medications in long COVID by using two electronic databases. Sixty frequently prescribed agents were selected from Thailand's National List of Essential Medicine 2022 for potential DDI analysis by Micromedex and Drugs...
2023: PloS One
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angelos Thanassoulas, Maria Theodoridou, Laila Barrak, Emna Riguene, Tamader Alyaarabi, Mohamed A Elrayess, F Anthony Lai, Michail Nomikos
Calmodulin (CaM) is a small, multifunctional calcium (Ca2+ )-binding sensor that binds and regulates the open probability of cardiac ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) at both low and high cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations. Recent isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) studies of a number of peptides that correspond to different regions of human RyR2 showed that two regions of human RyR2 (3584-3602aa and 4255-4271aa) bind with high affinity to CaM, suggesting that these two regions might contribute to a putative RyR2 intra-subunit CaM-binding pocket...
October 26, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sanna Hellström Schmidt, Julia Smedenmark, Ida Jeremiasen, Björn Sigurdsson, Erik A Eklund, Cornelis Jan Pronk
AIM: Breath-holding spells (BHS) are common in children, but evidence-based clinical guidelines are lacking. We investigated a large population-based cohort of BHS patients, to propose a refined description of typical BHS and guidelines for its management. METHODS: In a cross-sectional retrospective study, patients diagnosed with BHS in Southern Sweden 2004-2018 were recruited. Disease characteristics and diagnostic data were collected from patient medical records...
February 2024: Acta Paediatrica
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vasileios Periklis Papadopoulos, Konstantinos Mimidis
BACKGROUND: Corrected QT (QTc) interval is prolonged in patients with liver cirrhosis and has been proposed to correlate with the severity of the disease. However, the effects of sex, age, severity, and etiology of cirrhosis on QTc have not been elucidated. At the same time, the role of treatment, acute illness, and liver transplantation (Tx) remains largely unknown. AIM: To determine the mean QTc in patients with cirrhosis, assess whether QTc is prolonged in patients with cirrhosis, and investigate whether QTc is affected by factors such as sex, age, severity, etiology, treatment, acute illness, and liver Tx...
September 27, 2023: World Journal of Hepatology
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maíra Viana Rego Souza-Silva, Daniella Nunes Pereira, Magda Carvalho Pires, Isabela Muzzi Vasconcelos, Alexandre Vargas Schwarzbold, Diego Henrique de Vasconcelos, Elayne Crestani Pereira, Euler Roberto Fernandes Manenti, Felício Roberto Costa, Filipe Carrilho de Aguiar, Fernando Anschau, Frederico Bartolazzi, Guilherme Fagundes Nascimento, Heloisa Reniers Vianna, Joanna d'Arc Lyra Batista, Juliana Machado-Rugolo, Karen Brasil Ruschel, Maria Angélica Pires Ferreira, Leonardo Seixas de Oliveira, Luanna Silva Monteiro Menezes, Patricia Klarmann Ziegelmann, Marcela Gonçalves Trindade Tofani, Maria Aparecida Camargos Bicalho, Matheus Carvalho Alves Nogueira, Milton Henriques Guimarães-Júnior, Rúbia Laura Oliveira Aguiar, Danyelle Romana Alves Rios, Carisi Anne Polanczyk, Milena Soriano Marcolino
BACKGROUND: Despite no evidence showing benefits of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine with or without azithromycin for COVID-19 treatment, these medications have been largely prescribed in Brazil. OBJECTIVES: To assess outcomes, including in-hospital mortality, electrocardiographic abnormalities, hospital length-of-stay, admission to the intensive care unit, and need for dialysis and mechanical ventilation, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients who received chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, and to compare outcomes between those patients and their matched controls...
September 2023: Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alaa Alahmadi, Alan Davies, Markel Vigo, Caroline Jay
BACKGROUND: Drug-induced QT-prolongation increases the risk of TdP arrhythmia attacks and sudden cardiac death. However, measuring the QT-interval and determining a precise cut-off QT/QTc value that could put a patient at risk of TdP is challenging and influenced by many factors including female sex, drug-free baseline, age, genetic predisposition, and bradycardia. OBJECTIVES: This paper presents a novel approach for intuitively and visually monitoring QT-prolongation showing a potential risk of TdP, which can be adjusted according to patient-specific risk factors, using a pseudo-coloring technique and explainable artificial intelligence (AI)...
October 7, 2023: Journal of Electrocardiology
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinyue Li, Wenjie Cai, Bolin Xu, Yupeng Jiang, Mengdi Qi, Mingjie Wang
OBJECTIVE: Accurate detection of electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms is crucial for computer-aided diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities. This study introduces SEResUTer, an enhanced deep learning model designed for ECG delineation and atrial fibrillation (AF) detection. APPROACH: Built upon a U-Net architecture, SEResUTer incorporates ResNet modules and Transformer encoders to replace convolution blocks, resulting in improved optimization and encoding capabilities. A novel masking strategy is proposed to handle incomplete expert annotations...
October 12, 2023: Physiological Measurement
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hua Rong Lu, Bruce P Damiano, Mohamed Kreir, Jutta Rohrbacher, Henk van der Linde, Tamerlan Saidov, Ard Teisman, David J Gallacher
Loperamide has been a safe and effective treatment for diarrhea for many years. However, many cases of cardiotoxicity with intentional abuse of loperamide ingestion have recently been reported. We evaluated loperamide in in vitro and in vivo cardiac safety models to understand the mechanisms for this cardiotoxicity. Loperamide slowed conduction (QRS-duration) starting at 0.3 µM [~1200-fold (×) its human Free Therapeutic Plasma Concentration; FTPC] and reduced the QT-interval and caused cardiac arrhythmias starting at 3 µM (~12,000× FTPC) in an isolated rabbit ventricular-wedge model...
September 6, 2023: Biomolecules
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zahra Kaboli, Mir-Jamal Hosseini, Somayeh Sadighian, Kobra Rostamizadeh, Mehrdad Hamidi, Hamidreza Kheiri Manjili
Multifunctional nanocarriers are increasingly promising for disease treatment aimed at finding effective therapy and overcoming barriers in drug delivery. Herein, valine conjugated chitosan (VLCS) was used for surface modification of nanocarriers (NCs) based on Poly (ε-caprolactone)-Poly (ethylene glycol)-Poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL) triblock copolymers (NCs@VLCS). The nanocarriers were co-loaded with rivastigmine (RV) and quercetin (QT) to yield the final RV/QT-NCs@VLCS as a multifunctional nanocarrier for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment...
September 15, 2023: International Journal of Pharmaceutics
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jazmin Aguado-Sierra, Renee Brigham, Apollo K Baron, Paula Dominguez Gomez, Guillaume Houzeaux, Jose M Guerra, Francesc Carreras, David Filgueiras-Rama, Mariano Vazquez, Paul A Iaizzo, Tinen L Iles, Constantine Butakoff
Following the 3 R's principles of animal research-replacement, reduction, and refinement-a high-performance computational framework was produced to generate a platform to perform human cardiac in-silico clinical trials as means to assess the pro-arrhythmic risk after the administrations of one or combination of two potentially arrhythmic drugs. The drugs assessed in this study were hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin. The framework employs electrophysiology simulations on high-resolution three-dimensional, biventricular human heart anatomies including phenotypic variabilities, so as to determine if differential QT-prolongation responds to drugs as observed clinically...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wendy W Wu, Moran Choe, Lars Johannesen, Jose Vicente, Girish Bende, Norman L Stockbridge, David G Strauss, Christine Garnett
Current cardiac safety testing focuses on detecting drug-induced QTC prolongation as a surrogate for risk of Torsade de Pointes. The nonclinical strategy, described in ICH S7B, includes in vitro assessment of hERG block or ventricular repolarization delay and in vivo QT prolongation. Several studies have reported predictive values of ICH S7B results for clinical QTC outcomes for small molecules; none has examined peptides and proteins other than monoclonal antibodies. To address this knowledge gap, information for peptides and proteins submitted to the FDA was collected...
September 13, 2023: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
#37
Yitong Ma, Yaron Antebi
Flow cytometry enables quantitative measurements of fluorescence in single cells. The technique was widely used for immunology to identify populations with different surface protein markers. More recently, the usage of flow cytometry has been extended to additional readouts, including intracellular proteins and fluorescent protein transgenes, and is widely utilized to study development, systems biology, microbiology, and many other fields. A common file format (FCS format, defined by International Society for Advancement of Cytometry (ISAC)) has been universally adopted, facilitating data exchange between different machines...
August 9, 2023: bioRxiv
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nongnong Zhao, Zhengyang Yu, Zhejun Cai, Wenai Chen, Xiaopeng He, Zhaoxia Huo, Xiaoping Lin
OBJECTIVES: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is one of the primary causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in youth. Studies have identified mutations in ion channel genes as key players in the pathogenesis of LQTS. However, the specific etiology in individual families remains unknown. METHODS: Three unrelated Chinese pedigrees diagnosed with LQTS or Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome (JLNS) were recruited clinically. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed and further validated by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and Sanger sequencing...
August 12, 2023: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeppe Ekstrand Halkjaer Madsen, Thomas Scheike, Christian Pipper
We introduce causal inference reasoning to crossover trials, with a focus on thorough QT (TQT) studies. For such trials, we propose different sets of assumptions and consider their impact on the modeling strategy and estimation procedure. We show that unbiased estimates of a causal treatment effect are obtained by a g-computation approach in combination with weighted least squares predictions from a working regression model. Only a few natural requirements on the working regression and weighting matrix are needed for the result to hold...
August 8, 2023: Biometrical Journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Wang, Fang Yang, Xiao-Jing Bao, Xiao-Ping Bo, Shipeng Dang, Ru-Xing Wang, Feng Pan
BACKGROUND: Concealed accessory pathway (AP) may cause atrial ventricular reentrant tachycardia impacting the health of patients. However, it is asymptomatic and undetectable during sinus rhythm. METHODS: To detect concealed AP with electrocardiography (ECG) images, we collected normal sinus rhythmic ECG images of concealed AP patients and healthy subjects. All ECG images were randomly allocated to the training and testing datasets, and were used to train and test six popular convolutional neural networks from ImageNet pre-training and random initialization, respectively...
August 2, 2023: Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology
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