Nasal sinus

OBJECTIVES: This prospective study was performed with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images for evaluating canalis sinuosus (CS), determine its location and diameter in relation to gender, age, and distances from important structures, including floor of nasal cavity, incisive foramen, edge of buccal cortical bone, and palatal cortical bone. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The scans of 650 patients in total were included in this prospective analysis. Gender, age, the position of the CS, its presence or absence, diameter, and its location in reference to the adjacent teeth were the factors that were noted...

Nasal obstruction is a commonly reported issue in the Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Department. In this case, an early adolescent boy with a long-standing problem of right-sided nasal obstruction since childhood sought consultation. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy revealed a deviation of the nasal septum to the left, coupled with right inferior turbinate hypertrophy, all overlying healthy mucosa. A CT scan of the nose and paranasal sinuses further identified a bony hyperdense lesion with ground glass attenuation, confined to the right inferior turbinate...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the characteristics of nasal and imaging findings of sinonasal lesions in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) patients and how these lesions change over time in both the active and remission phases of the disease. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed GPA patients with sinonasal lesions who were followed up at our department between January 2005 and December 2020. The following data were collected: age, sex, symptoms at initial presentation, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) type, and histopathological, nasal (initial and follow-up), and imaging (initial and follow-up) findings...

BACKGROUND: Headache is a common occurrence after endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) for pituitary adenomas and significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of nasal irrigation in relieving postoperative headache after EES. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 101 patients (Cohort I) who underwent EES for pituitary adenomas to explore the risk factors associated with postoperative headache...

Introduction  Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease. This high prevalence leads to high direct and indirect public health costs, which include medical visits, laboratory tests and imaging, pharmacotherapy, hospitalizations, and surgical treatment. Furthermore, CRS has a substantial impact on patient quality of life, affecting productivity and being a common cause of absence from work CRS-associated olfactory dysfunction is highly prevalent, the actual effectiveness of surgical intervention remains inconsistent...

Introduction  Despite the high level of patient satisfaction with functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and the clinical improvement, polyp recurrence is observed in 23% to 87% of patients and requires reoperation. Objective  To assess the prognostic value of polypoid changes of the middle turbinate (PCMT) in relapse of paranasal sinus polyps in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) after FESS and the effect of partial middle turbinectomy (PMT) on the outcome of surgery...

Introduction  Many patients suffered from rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in India. Diabetes is a known risk factor of COVID-19 infection and mucormycosis. Objective  The present study was done to describe the clinical spectrum and histopathological findings of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients and their outcomes. Methods  A cross-sectional study was done over a period of two and half months. The biopsy samples or scrapings from sinonasal or periorbital tissue of 38 patients were analyzed...

BACKGROUND: Nasal sprays are widely used in treating nasal and sinus diseases; however, there are very few studies on the drug delivery efficiency of nasal sprays. In this study, the drug delivery efficiency of three different nasal spray devices was evaluated in vitro using a 3D printed cast model of nasal cavity. METHODS: Three nasal spray devices with different nozzles and angles of administration were used in the 3D model of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses...

We present a rare case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) secondary to nasal-type extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKL). Nasal-type ENKL is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma usually associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The patient was a 19-year-old woman who presented with facial numbness, diminished hearing, and dysgeusia. She was febrile with palatal necrosis, loss of gag reflex, and cranial nerve palsies. Labs revealed neutropenia. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials, including amphotericin, were started...

Chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases, and involves tissue remodeling. One of the key mechanisms of tissue remodeling is the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which also represents one of the pathophysiological processes of CRS observed in CRSwNP tissues. To date, many transcription factors and forms of extracellular stimulation have been found to regulate the EMT process. However, it is not known whether gangliosides, which are the central molecules of plasma membranes, involved in regulating signal transmission pathways, are involved in the EMT process...

This research aimed to study the rostral part of the head of the six-banded armadillo, applying advanced imaging techniques such as CT. Furthermore, by combining the images obtained through this technique with anatomical cross-sections, an adequate description of the structures that constitute the rostral part of the head of this species is presented. This anatomical information could provide a valuable diagnostic tool for the clinical evaluation of different disorders in the six-banded armadillo's nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses...

RATIONALE: The present investigation documented a case of bilateral sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) that arose from both sides of the frontal sinus and ethmoid sinus. The occurrence of bilateral involvement of the nasal cavities and frontal sinus is rather infrequent. PATIENT CONCERNS: Informed consent was obtained from the patient. DIAGNOSIS: Bilateral SNIP. INTERVENTIONS: The tumor was completely removed by Draf III endoscopic resection complemented by an external eyebrow arch approach, and the postoperative recovery was uneventful...

UNLABELLED: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare disorder characterized by extensive genetic heterogeneity. However, in the genetic pathogenesis of PCD, copy number variation (CNV) has not received sufficient attention and has rarely been reported, especially in China. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) followed by targeted CNV analysis was used in patients highly suspected to have PCD with negative results in routine whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Sanger sequencing were used to confirm these CNVs...

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Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is marked by inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and mucosal lining of the nose. CRS can be classified as CRS with nasal polyps or CRS without polyps. In recent years, there has been increased attention on the immunological role of vitamin D in treating CRS, coupled with the observation of vitamin D deficiency among CRS patients. Vitamin D is acknowledged for its immunomodulatory properties, especially in allergic conditions. Recent studies suggest that individuals with CRS, especially those with CRS with nasal polyps, frequently demonstrate lower than normal levels of vitamin D...

Characterization of inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis with (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) is an ongoing research process. To overcome limitations of current cytologic techniques, we investigated whether immunofluorescence multiplex image cytometry could quantify intact neutrophils, eosinophils, and other immune cells in solid upper airway mucosa. We used a four-channel immunofluorescence-microscopy technique for the simultaneous detection of the leukocyte marker CD45, the neutrophil marker myeloperoxidase, two eosinophil markers, i...

In this article, we propose a consensus delineation of postoperative clinical target volumes for the primary tumour in maxillary sinus and nasal cavity cancers. These guidelines are developed based on radioanatomy and the natural history of those cancers. They require the fusion of the planning CT with preoperative imaging for accurate positioning of the initial GTV and the combined use of the geometric and anatomical concepts for the delineation of clinical target volume for the primary tumour. This article does not discuss the indications of external radiotherapy (nor concurrent systemic treatment) but focuses on target volumes when there is an indication for radiotherapy...

Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nose and paranasal sinus cavities that significantly affects well-being and social function, particularly in young adults and middle-aged populations. CRSwNP is a common health condition in the Western world, with an estimated prevalence of 3%. Despite worldwide evidence-based treatment guidelines such as the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) 2020 and the European Forum for Research and Education in Allergy and Airway Diseases (EUFOREA) chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) pocket guide, a significant number of patients remain undiagnosed and/or uncontrolled with repeated oral corticosteroids (OCS) treatments and/or (multiple) endoscopic sinus surgeries (ESS)...

Context: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related multiphenotypic sinonasal carcinoma (HMSC), formerly known as HPV-related carcinoma with adenoid cystic like features, is a rare tumor subtype with unusual correlation between radiological, histopathological, and surgical findings. The shared histological characteristics with other sinonasal tumors make the diagnosis challenging. Optimal surgical and oncological treatments for this rare condition remains to be clearly defined. Methods: The objective of the study was to describe the unique characteristics and endoscopic surgical treatment of this rare tumor...

BACKGROUND: Studies in adult chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) showed poor correlation between patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and objective findings. Our goal is to study the correlation between the sinus and nasal quality of life (SN-5) and the 22-items sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22) surveys with endoscopy findings in children with chronic adenoiditis (CA) and CRS. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of all pediatric patients (age 2-18) presenting for CA or CRS was performed...