Community pharmacy

BACKGROUND: There have been sharp increases in antidepressant and opioid prescriptions over the last 10 years, as well as increased over-the-counter medicine availability. However, the impact on childhood medicinal poisonings rates, particularly by socioeconomic deprivation is unclear. This study reports population level medicinal poisoning substance patterns in England among children aged 0-11 years, helping inform safety advice and poisoning prevention interventions. METHODS: An open cohort study of 1,489,620 0-11 year olds was conducted from 1998 to 2018, using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, to examine inpatient hospital admissions for poisoning...

BACKGROUND: Macro and meso level factors that influence the participation by clinical pharmacists in ward rounds include pharmacy management culture, commitment to ward rounds and adequate time for ward rounds being included in workload models. The 'micro' level factors that affect the involvement of clinical pharmacists in ward rounds have not been widely explored. OBJECTIVE: Explore 'micro' level factors to gain insight into clinical pharmacists' participation in interprofessional ward rounds in inpatient settings through the lens of social cognitive theory...

OBJECTIVE: The Opioid and Naloxone Education (ONE) Program focuses on community pharmacy-based patient screening and interventions to improve population health with regard to opioid use. The purpose of this paper is to reevaluate the ONE Program performance using the RE-AIM model, in comparison to the review performed in 2019. METHODS: The program performance of the ONE Program was evaluated from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022 was evaluated using the five domains of the RE-AIM model...

BACKGROUND: Early detection of adverse events and their management are crucial to improving anticancer treatment outcomes, and listening to patients' subjective opinions (patients' voices) can make a major contribution to improving safety management. Recent progress in deep learning technologies has enabled various new approaches for the evaluation of safety-related events based on patient-generated text data, but few studies have focused on the improvement of real-time safety monitoring for individual patients...

BACKGROUND: The accessibility of pharmacies has been associated with overall health and wellbeing. Past studies have suggested that low income and racial minority communities are underserved by pharmacies. However, the literature is inconsistent in finding links between area-level income or racial and ethnic composition and access to pharmacies. Here we aim to assess area-level spatial access to pharmacies across New York State (NYS), hypothesizing that Census Tracts with higher poverty rates and higher percentages of Black and Hispanic residents would have lower spatial access...

BACKGROUND: The availability of various facilities that aid in providing expected services is necessary for the practice of pharmacy, which aims to make the best use of medications and other healthcare products and services. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the availability of dispensing and storage facilities at public and community pharmacies in Bahir Dar and Gondar towns. METHODS: In Gondar and Bahir Dar towns' public and private pharmacies, a facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2023 to September 2023...

BACKGROUND: Among pharmacy workers, low workplace wellbeing can lead to reduced effectiveness. However, to date, studies on this issue are limited within the community pharmacy setting in Vietnam. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to identify the component aspects of workplace wellbeing and their associations with demographic characteristics. METHODS: The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Can Tho, Vietnam. Self-administered questionnaires were hand-delivered to all pharmacy workers working at selected community pharmacies...

PURPOSE: A family history of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) confers a greater risk of developing ASCVD. However, the prevalence of ASCVD risk factors among asymptomatic Maltese adults with parental or fraternal history of premature ASCVD is unknown. The study aimed to evaluate and compare their risk with the general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Posters to market the project were distributed in cardiac rehabilitation areas. Patients with premature cardiovascular disease facilitated recruitment by informing their relatives about the project...

BACKGROUND: Improper compliance with antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) in surgery is associated with an increased risk of surgical site infection (SSI), and impacts the efficiency of healthcare. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the impact of an intervention in compliance with AP in selected surgical procedures and its effect on antibiotic consumption and cost. METHODS: A prospective interventional study was performed in a community hospital from January to December 2022...

BACKGROUND: Approximately half of people prescribed medications do not take them as prescribed. There is a significant unmet need regarding the barriers to medication adherence not being addressed in primary care. There is no agreement on which outcomes should be measured and reported in trials of medication adherence interventions. OBJECTIVE: To develop a core outcome set (COS) for trials of medication adherence interventions in primary care for adults prescribed medications for long-term health conditions...

INTRODUCTION: Parents' and caregivers' non-evidence-based childhood fever management 'fever phobic' practices have remained relatively stable over more than 34 years despite successful educational interventions. This systematic review aimed to assess the information seeking behavior of caregivers managing fever in their children, as well as to compile the fever management practices undertaken by caregivers by investigating underlying factors influencing them. METHODS: The electronic databases Pubmed, CINAHL, Medline, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts were searched using key terms including, fever, child, caregiver, and management...

BACKGROUND: Community pharmacies are ideal venues for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery. Pharmacists and pharmacy-based PrEP delivery programs have the potential to improve access. OBJECTIVES: This study elicited preferences for attributes of a hypothetical community pharmacy-based PrEP delivery program among US men who have sex with men (MSM) and assessed predictors of their preferences. METHODS: Data were collected via a cross-sectional anonymous survey of US MSM, who were aged 18-65 years, not transgender, reported HIV status negative/unknown, and PrEP eligible...

BACKGROUND: Many multiplex CLIA-waived point of care tests are available in the United States for community pharmacists to incorporate into their practice. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the eleven multiplex CLIA-waived point of care tests available for detecting SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A and B +/- other respiratory pathogens and summarize their performance characteristics from published studies. METHODS: FDA websites and databases were utilized to identify currently available tests...

In 2008 in the Netherlands the Guideline 'Transmission of medication in the chain' was published. This guideline described that upon admission and discharge in the hospital verification of medication should take place. This caused significant investments in staff by hospitals to meet with this guideline. However, despite these efforts 15 years later this has not led to adequate transmission of medication. In this article it is described that the organization of medication verification in hospitals has features of the Risk Regulation Reflex...

BACKGROUND: Continuing professional development (CPD) and faculty development (FD) are not traditionally combined, although there is evidence that integrating them enhances knowledge acquisition. OBJECTIVE: To explore preceptors' perceptions and the effectiveness of CATE (Clinical And Teaching Education), an education model that blends clinical content with the application of that clinical knowledge through a specified teaching technique. METHODS: Thirty-five hospital and community pharmacy preceptors from the Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, participated in CATE, which consisted of a 2-hour synchronous, online workshop integrating clinical content about depression with the "One-Minute Preceptor" (OMP) teaching skill...

IMPORTANCE: Nearly half of US states have restricted abortion access. Policy makers are exploring pathways to increase access to abortion and reproductive health care more broadly. Since 2016, California pharmacists could prescribe hormonal birth control, providing an opportunity to learn about the implementation of pharmacist-provided reproductive health care. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of broadening pharmacist scope of practice to include prescribing medication abortion...

BACKGROUND: Knowledge and awareness studies reveal the basic information of the community and the misconceptions in relation to practices of a disease. The identification of such factors is important as they directly influence the health care-related interventions. Hypertension is one of the emerging noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) globally. So, we conducted this study to assess the status of our community regarding hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 300 hypertensive patients to assess the knowledge and awareness by a hypertension fact questionnaire...

BACKGROUND: Community water fluoridation is a well-recognized public health initiative known for its efficacy in preventing dental cavities. The positive effects of fluoride on tooth enamel have led to widespread implementation of water fluoridation programs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 1,000 participants from diverse age groups, spanning children, adolescents, adults, and older adults, residing in both fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to study the awareness and practice of patients with Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) toward their disease in the Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional community-based study, in the central region of the kingdom. The target population of this study was adult patients with H. pylori infection, and a sample of 808 Saudi and non-Saudi male and female individuals were randomly selected using an online questionnaire...

BACKGROUND: Despite a huge number of advancements in the medical field, periodontitis still remains one of the most prevalent oral diseases worldwide. AIM: Thus, the primary aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal diseases in patients reporting to the tertiary healthcare setup in Ranchi. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on inclusion criteria, subjects aged 18-60 years were selected and a per forma was filled by the observer...