keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535791/one-step-affinity-purification-of-leucine-rich-%C3%AE-2-glycoproteins-from-snake-sera-and-characterization-of-their-phospholipase-a-2-inhibitory-activities-as-%C3%AE-type-phospholipase-a-2-inhibitors
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryoichi Shirai, Kana Shibata, Shinobu Fujii, Rikiro Fukunaga, Seiji Inoue
Snakes contain three types of phospholipase A2 (PLA2 )-inhibitory proteins in their blood, PLIα, β, and γ, which protect them from their own venom, PLA2 . PLIβ is the snake ortholog of leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein (LRG). Since autologous cytochrome c (Cyt c ) serves as an endogenous ligand for LRG, in this study, we purified snake LRGs from various snake serum samples using Cyt c affinity chromatography. All purified snake LRGs were found to be dimers linked by disulfide bonds...
March 1, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535579/detection-of-chlamydia-psittaci-in-the-genital-tract-of-horses-and-in-environmental-samples-a-pilot-study-in-sardinia
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gaia Muroni, Elisa Serra, Giovanni Paolo Biggio, Daniela Sanna, Raffaele Cherchi, Andrea Taras, Simonetta Appino, Cipriano Foxi, Giovanna Masala, Federica Loi, Valentina Chisu
The members of the Chlamydiaceae family are important pathogens that infect a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including humans. Among them, Chlamydia psittaci , historically considered as an avian agent, has recently been identified in livestock, primarily sheep and cattle, but also in horses, with the infection being linked to reproductive disorders, such as abortion, absorption of embryos, stillbirth, and the birth of weak foals. Much less is known about chlamydial infections in the Sardinian equine population...
March 7, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535307/automated-spectrophotometric-assays-for-the-measurement-of-ammonia-and-bicarbonate-in-saliva-of-horses-analytical-validation-and-changes-in-equine-gastric-ulcer-syndrome-egus
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alberto Muñoz-Prieto, Eva Llamas-Amor, María Dolores Contreras-Aguilar, Ignacio Ayala, María Martín Cuervo, José Joaquín Cerón, Sanni Hansen
Ammonia (NH3 ) and bicarbonate (HCO3 ) have been related to gastric ulcers in humans. Ammonia is considered a possible cause of gastric ulcers, whereas bicarbonate has a protective function. The presence of ulcers in the stomach of horses is defined as Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS), which is a frequent disease in this species, and it has been associated with changes in saliva composition, such as in analytes related to inflammation, immune system and oxidative stress. The objectives of this study were (1) to perform an analytical validation of two automated spectrophotometric assays, one for ammonia and one for bicarbonate, in the horses' saliva and (2) to evaluate their possible variations with EGUS...
February 28, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534658/examining-antimicrobial-resistance-in-escherichia-coli-a-case-study-in-central-virginia-s-environment
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chyer Kim, Allissa Riley, Shobha Sriharan, Theresa Nartea, Eunice Ndegwa, Ramesh Dhakal, Guolu Zheng, Claire Baffaut
While environmental factors may contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria, many aspects of environmental antibiotic pollution and resistance remain unknown. Furthermore, the level of AMR in Escherichia coli is considered a reliable indicator of the selection pressure exerted by antimicrobial use in the environment. This study aimed to assess AMR variance in E. coli isolated from diverse environmental samples, such as animal feces and water from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and drainage areas of different land use systems in Central Virginia...
February 28, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533812/copper-cu-metabolism-in-domestic-herbivores-as-guide-to-criteria-for-predicting-the-cu-nutritional-status-of-wild-ruminants-in-southern-africa
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J B J van Ryssen, G F Bath
In southern Africa game farming has become an effective way of using underutilised resources and a valuable method of preserving and increasing wildlife numbers. However, little is known about the mineral requirements of wild animal species or the assessment of the mineral nutritional status of these species. To establish criteria for estimating the copper (Cu) nutritional status of wildlife, current knowledge about Cu metabolism and criteria for domestic animals has been used. Since the Cu metabolism of ruminants differs substantially from that of non-ruminants, Cu metabolism in domestic species such as cattle and sheep representing wild ruminants, and pigs and horses as non-ruminant species, has been scrutinised to propose criteria for wild bovids in southern Africa...
March 26, 2024: Journal of the South African Veterinary Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532598/endogenous-nature-of-estra-4-9-diene-3-17-dione-in-entire-male-horses
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Helen S M Ho, Emmie N M Ho, Wing-Tak Wong
Estra-4,9-diene-3,17-dione (dienedione) is an anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) sold as a bodybuilding supplement. It is prohibited in both human and equine sports. With no report of 4,9-diene configuration in endogenous steroids, dienedione has long been considered a synthetic AAS. Nevertheless, the reoccurring detection of dienedione in colt (entire male horse) urine samples lead to the investigation of its possible endogenous nature in horses. This paper describes (i) the detection of naturally occurring dienedione in colts, (ii) the conjugation study of dienedione and (iii) the population study of free and glucuronide-conjugated dienedione in colt urine...
March 26, 2024: Drug Testing and Analysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532159/a-horse-cemetery-in-london-reveals-medieval-mounts-distant-origins
#27
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 25, 2024: Nature
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531517/effect-of-hay-nets-on-horse-bodyweight-body-condition-score-hay-usage-and-dental-health-in-mature-adult-horses
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M DeBoer, L Keener, J Layeux-Parks, O Schueller, L Johnson, K Martinson
Hay nets are a commonly used management practice to increase intake time and reduce hay waste but may impact horse health. The objectives were to compare hay usage, dental wear, and dental conditions between horses fed with (NET) or without (CON) hay nets during a 2-year cross-over study. In September 2021, 13 mature adult horses were blocked by bodyweight (BW) and randomly assigned to the NET or CON treatments for one year. After one year (September 2022), horses switched treatments and the trial concluded in September 2023...
March 24, 2024: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531516/allele-frequency-of-muscular-genetic-disorders-in-bull-catching-vaquejada-quarter-horses
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L M S Sperandio, G R Lago, L G Albertino, C E T Araújo, C Ferreira, A S Borges, J P Oliveira-Filho
Quarter horses (QH), a prominent athletic breed in Brazil, are affected by muscular genetic disorders such as myosin-heavy chain myopathy (MYHM), polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM1), hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HyPP), and malignant hyperthermia (MH). Bull-catching (vaquejada), primarily involving QH, is a significant equestrian sport in Brazil. Since the allele frequencies (AF) of MYHM, PSSM1, HyPP, and MH in vaquejada QH remain unknown, this study evaluated the AF in 129 QH vaquejada athletes, specifically from the Brazilian Northeast...
March 24, 2024: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531238/prevalence-and-factors-associated-with-leishmania-spp-and-toxoplasma-gondii-infections-in-apparently-healthy-horses-in-eastern-spain
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samuele Pala, Lola Martínez-Sáez, Lola Llobat, Pablo Jesús Marín-García
Leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis are two of the most common parasitic zoonoses. Leishmaniasis is endemic to 98 countries around the world, whereas toxoplasmosis is widely distributed throughout the world, causing significant health expenditure. Horses can play a relevant role in the transmission of the disease, being a silent reservoir, as clinical signs are not common. Serum samples from 166 horses living in eastern Spain (Mediterranean basin) were analysed to determine the presence of antibodies against Leishmania spp...
March 21, 2024: Research in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529853/a-randomized-placebo-controlled-double-blinded-study-comparing-oral-and-subcutaneous-administration-of-mistletoe-extract-for-the-treatment-of-equine-sarcoid-disease
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anke Beermann, Ophélie Clottu, Marcus Reif, Ulrike Biegel, Lucia Unger, Christoph Koch
BACKGROUND: Equine sarcoids (ES) are the most common cutaneous tumors in equids. Systemic treatment options are sparse. Subcutaneous (SC) injections of Viscum album extract (VAE) demonstrate efficacy as a systemic treatment directed against ES. OBJECTIVES/AIM: To critically assess the therapeutic efficacy of orally administered VAE. ANIMALS: Forty-five ES-affected, privately owned, 3-12 year-old horses. METHODS: A 3-armed randomized placebo-controlled, double-blinded study was conducted in a double-dummy design...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529825/diamond-burr-debridement-of-calcific-band-keratopathy-in-24-eyes-of-22-horses
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sophie Jugant, Alain Regnier, Jean-Yves Douet
PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of diamond burr debridement (DBD) for the treatment of calcific band keratopathy (CBK) in horses. METHODS: Medical records from horses with CBK were reviewed over a period of 4 years. Diagnosis of CBK was based on slit-lamp examination findings, and DBD was performed on standing sedated horses. Follow-up was obtained by clinical reevaluation of the treated eyes or a telephone survey with the referring veterinarian...
March 26, 2024: Veterinary Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529072/evaluation-of-physical-variables-thermal-nociceptive-threshold-testing-and-pharmacokinetics-during-placement-of-transdermal-buprenorphine-matrix-type-patch-in-healthy-adult-horses
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vaidehi V Paranjape, Heather K Knych, Londa J Berghaus, Jessica Cathcart, Shyla Giancola, Hannah Craig, Caroline James, Siddharth Saksena, Rachel A Reed
BACKGROUND: Matrix type transdermal buprenorphine patches have not been investigated in horses and may provide an effective means of providing continuous pain control for extended period and eliminating venous catheterization. OBJECTIVE: Assessment of the physiological variables (heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature) and thermal nociceptive threshold testing, and describing the pharmacokinetic profile of transdermal buprenorphine matrix-type patch (20 μg h-1 and 40 μg h-1 dosing) in healthy adult horses...
2024: Front Pain Res (Lausanne)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527562/enteric-associated-t-cell-lymphoma-in-a-mule
#34
Giovanna G de Souza, Zara A Lacerda, Fernanda B C de Moura, Isabeli J Contel, Shéron L de Oliveira, Lorena C Ferrari, Emanuel V P Apolonio, Juliana de M Alonso, Ana Liz G Alves, Noeme S Rocha
A 25-year-old female mule weighing 336 kg was referred with a history of lethargy, abdominal discomfort, anorexia, and constipation in the previous 24 hours. On admission, decreased intestinal borborygmi and distended small intestinal loops were detected by auscultation and rectal palpation, respectively. On rectal examination a firm, irregular surface, and pedunculated mass were detected in the middle-caudal region of the abdomen. Transrectal ultrasonography revealed the mass was highly vascularized with heterogeneous tissue density...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526778/donkey-like-kirkovirus-is-associated-with-diarrhea-in-piglets
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Panpan Tong, Zunbao Wang, Yueyi Dang, Lei Zhang, Guangwei Song, Xiaozhen Song, Juanjuan Pan, Ling Kuang, Junhui Li, Gang Lu, Jinxin Xie
Kirkovirus (kirV), a seemingly novel virus family, has been found in horses and donkeys. The study's objectives are to investigate the presence of the virus in swine. In this study, donkey-like kirV was detected in rectal swabs of piglets with diarrhea, and the positive rate was found to be 100% (149/149). However, this virus was detected in only one of 261 clinically healthy piglets, which suggested a strong relationship between the kirV and the diarrheic disease. We obtained the whole-genome sequences of three kirVs (Cj-D5, Cj-D32, and Cj-D43), with a length of 3750 nucleotides (nt) and sharing 99...
March 25, 2024: Virus Genes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526086/when-the-trojan-horse-is-unable-to-reach-inside-the-city-investigation-of-the-mechanism-of-resistance-behind-the-first-reported-cefiderocol-resistant-e-coli-in-canada
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin R Barker, Gabriel W Rebick, Ken Fakharuddin, Clayton MacDonald, Michael R Mulvey, Laura F Mataseje
Gram-negative metallo-β-lactamase-producing bacteria can be extremely problematic, especially when found to be extensively drug-resistant (XDR). Cefiderocol is a novel antimicrobial that has been shown to overcome most carbapenemases, with very rare resistance reported to date. Within our institution, two multidrug-resistant and one XDR strains were isolated from a patient who recently emigrated from India. Each isolate underwent whole-genome sequencing to resolve plasmids and determine phylogenetics, strain typing, and mechanisms of resistance...
March 25, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526057/animal-exposure-model-for-mapping-crimean-congo-hemorrhagic-fever-virus-emergence-risk
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Baz-Flores, Débora Jiménez-Martín, Alfonso Peralbo-Moreno, Cesar Herraiz, David Cano-Terriza, Raúl Cuadrado-Matías, Ignacio García-Bocanegra, Francisco Ruiz-Fons
To estimate the determinants of spatial variation in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) transmission and to create a risk map as a preventive public health tool, we designed a survey of small domestic ruminants in Andalusia, Spain. To assess CCHFV exposure spatial distribution, we analyzed serum from 2,440 sheep and goats by using a double-antigen ELISA and modeled exposure probability with environmental predictors by using generalized linear mixed models. CCHFV antibodies detected in 84 samples confirmed low CCHFV prevalence in small domestic ruminants in the region...
April 2024: Emerging Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525221/analysis-of-the-season-dependent-component-in-the-evaluation-of-morphological-and-biochemical-blood-parameters-in-shetland-ponies-of-both-sexes-during-exercise
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Halina Tkaczenko, Oleksandr Lukash, Natalia Kurhaluk
INTRODUCTION: Determination of morphological and biochemical blood indices facilitates assessment of the health and welfare of horses, their nutrient demand, the effects of training already undertaken, and the horses' suitability for exercise. Identification of the season-dependent components and the effects of sex and exercise on changes in frequently referenced haematological and biochemical parameters was the main goal of the current study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The blood morphology of 21 healthy adult Shetland ponies (11 mares and 10 stallions) aged 6...
March 2024: Journal of Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524755/can-nigerian-horse-owners-effectively-estimate-body-condition-and-cresty-neck-scores
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olumide Odunayo Akinniyi, Philip Wayuta Mshelia, Richard Emmanuel Edeh
A horse's body condition impacts every aspect of its life, including reproduction, performance, and health. Obesity and equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) are common in Nigeria; hence, early identification of a horse's obesity status by the owner is key to avoiding associated health issues such as EMS. Our study aimed to determine whether horse owners could effectively estimate their horses' body condition scores (BCSs) and cresty neck scores (CNSs). A total of 50 adult sedentary West African Barb horses owned by 50 different people were enrolled in the study...
March 2024: Journal of Equine Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524754/3d-imaging-and-body-measurement-of-riding-horses-using-four-scanners-simultaneously
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akihiro Matsuura, Suzuka Torii, Yuki Ojima, Yoshio Kiku
Although there have been advances in the technology for measuring horse body size with stereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) scanners, previously reported methods with a single scanner still face a significant challenge: the time necessary for scanning is too long for the horses to remain stationary. This study attempted to scan the horse simultaneously from four directions using four scanners in order to complete the scans in a short amount of time and then combine the images from the four scans on a computer into one whole image of each horse...
March 2024: Journal of Equine Science
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