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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katherine E McDaniel, Alexander Suarez, Dana G Rowe, Brandon Bishop, Joshua Jackson, Alankrita Raghavan, Caroline Folz, Stephen Harward, Brandon Smith, Steven Cook, C Rory Goodwin
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether a flipped classroom curriculum coupled with case-based learning would improve residents' perceptions of the learning environment, improve education outcomes, and increase faculty engagement. Research suggests that active learning yields better educational results compared with passive learning. However, faculty are more comfortable providing lectures that require only passive participation from learners. METHODS: A council was created to identify issues with the current format of the resident didactic curriculum and to redesign the neurosurgical curriculum and conference per Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requirements...
April 19, 2024: Journal of Neurosurgery
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miriam Hoffman, Lindsey Dedow, Jeffrey Boscamp
Shifting to a competency-based (CBME) and not time-bound curricular structure is challenging in the undergraduate medical education (UME) setting for a number of reasons. There are few examples of broad scale CBME-driven interventions that make the UME program less time-bound. However, given the range of student ability and varying speed of acquisition of competencies, this is an area in need of focus. This paper describes a model that uses the macro structure of a UME program to make UME curricula less time-bound, and driven more by student competency acquisition and individual student goals...
December 31, 2024: Medical Education Online
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kohei Nakamura, Hideyuki Hoshi, Momoko Kobayashi, Keisuke Fukasawa, Sayuri Ichikawa, Yoshihito Shigihara
OBJECTIVE: The severity of menopausal symptoms, despite being triggered by hormonal imbalance, does not directly correspond to hormone levels in the blood; thus, the level of unpleasantness is assessed using subjective questionnaires in clinical practice. To provide better treatments, alternative objective assessments have been anticipated to support medical interviews and subjective assessments. This study aimed to develop a new objective measurement for assessing unpleasantness. METHODS: Fourteen participants with menopausal symptoms and two age-matched participants who visited our outpatient section were enrolled...
April 16, 2024: Menopause: the Journal of the North American Menopause Society
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Judah A Denburg, Paul M O'Byrne, Gail M Gauvreau
This issue highlights and details the programme and scientific presentations at the International Eosinophil Society's 12th biennial Symposium, which was held in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada in July 2023. The meeting included sessions on regulation of eosinophil development; cell death, stress, and autophagy in eosinophils; local immunity interactions of eosinophils with multiple cell types; eosinophils in host defense; eosinophils and mast cells in gastrointestinal disorders; reciprocal interactions between eosinophils and the microbiome in homeostasis and dysbiosis; and, eosinophils in tissue injury and repair, in tumor biology and cancer therapy...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Leukocyte Biology
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Líndicy Leidicy Alves, Mariana Lourenço Freire, Isadora Lana Troian, Eliane de Morais-Teixeira, Gláucia Cota
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is characterized by potentially disfiguring skin ulcers carrying significant social stigma. To mitigate systemic drug exposure and reduce the toxicity from available treatments, studies addressing new local therapeutic strategies using available medications are coming up. This review systematically compiles preclinical and clinical data on the efficacy of amphotericin B (AmB) administered locally for cutaneous leishmaniasis. METHODOLOGY: Structured searches were conducted in major databases...
April 16, 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taishi Sato, Satoshi Yamate, Takeshi Utsunomiya, Yutaka Inaba, Hiroyuki Ike, Koichi Kinoshita, Kenichiro Doi, Tsutomu Kawano, Kyohei Shiomoto, Toshihiko Hara, Kazuhiko Sonoda, Ayumi Kaneuji, Eiji Takahashi, Tomohiro Shimizu, Daisuke Takahashi, Yusuke Kohno, Tamon Kabata, Daisuke Inoue, Shuichi Matsuda, Koji Goto, Taro Mawatari, Shoji Baba, Michiaki Takagi, Juji Ito, Yasuharu Nakashima
BACKGROUND: The incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in Japanese newborns has reduced drastically following a primary prevention campaign initiated around 1972 to 1973; this perinatal education campaign promoted maintaining the hips of newborns in the naturally flexed-leg position. The purpose of the present study was to describe the life course epidemiology of hip osteoarthritis (OA) in adolescent and adult patients and to assess its association with exposure to the primary prevention campaign for DDH...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Say Hiang Lim, Yin Cheng Lim, Rafdzah Ahmad Zaki, Bushra Megat Johari, Chung Yuan Chang, Sharifah Faridah Syed Omar, Amirah Azzeri, Maznah Dahlui, Adeeba Kamarulzaman
BACKGROUND: Post Acute COVID Syndrome (PACS), a complex and poorly understood condition characterised by persistent symptoms following the acute phase of COVID-19 infection, has emerged as a significant global health concern. Healthcare workers who had been at the forefront of the pandemic response are at heightened risk of contracting the virus and subsequently developing PACS. Therefore, we aim to determine the prevalence and risk factors for PACS among healthcare workers infected with COVID-19...
2024: PloS One
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karl Swanson, Shuhan He, Josh Calvano, David Chen, Talar Telvizian, Lawrence Jiang, Paul Chong, Jacob Schwell, Gin Mak, Jarone Lee
The advent of patient access to complex medical information online has highlighted the need for simplification of biomedical text to improve patient understanding and engagement in taking ownership of their health. However, comprehension of biomedical text remains a difficult task due to the need for domain-specific expertise. We aimed to study the simplification of biomedical text via large language models (LLMs) commonly used for general natural language processing tasks involve text comprehension, summarization, generation, and prediction of new text from prompts...
April 2024: PLOS Digit Health
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaqing Feng, Haitao Meng, Caiqin Mu, Yanfang Zhang, Xi Liu, Yaqun Shi, Hongjin Wang
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease that arises because of self-destruction of circulating platelets. The mechanism remains complicated and lacks a standard clinical treatment. Current first-line and second-line medications for ITP have shown limited effectiveness, necessitating the exploration of new therapeutic options. Sirolimus is a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor that has been demonstrated to inhibit lymphocyte activity, indicating potential for SRL in the treatment of ITP...
April 16, 2024: Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis: An International Journal in Haemostasis and Thrombosis
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minwoo Shin, Minjee Seo, Seung-Schik Yoo, Kyungho Yoon
Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has emerged as a new mode of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), with its exquisite spatial precision and capacity to reach the deep regions of the brain. The placement of the acoustic focus onto the desired part of the brain is critical for successful tFUS procedures; however, acoustic wave propagation is severely affected by the skull, distorting the focal location/shape and the pressure level. High-resolution (HR) numerical simulation allows for monitoring of acoustic pressure within the skull but with a considerable computational burden...
April 16, 2024: IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joan Jonathan, Alcardo Alex Barakabitze, Cynthia D Fast, Christophe Cox
BACKGROUND: Technological advancement has led to the growth and rapid increase of tuberculosis (TB) medical data generated from different health care areas, including diagnosis. Prioritizing better adoption and acceptance of innovative diagnostic technology to reduce the spread of TB significantly benefits developing countries. Trained TB-detection rats are used in Tanzania and Ethiopia for operational research to complement other TB diagnostic tools. This technology has increased new TB case detection owing to its speed, cost-effectiveness, and sensitivity...
April 16, 2024: Online Journal of Public Health Informatics
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charlotte Howdle, William James Alexander Wright, Jonathan Mant, Anna De Simoni
BACKGROUND: The incidence of stroke in children is low, and pediatric stroke rehabilitation services are less developed than adult ones. Survivors of pediatric stroke have a long poststroke life expectancy and therefore have the potential to experience impairments from their stroke for many years. However, there are relatively few studies characterizing these impairments and what factors facilitate or counteract recovery. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to characterize the main barriers to and facilitators of recovery from pediatric stroke...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Medical Internet Research
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Satoshi Nishioka, Satoshi Watabe, Yuki Yanagisawa, Kyoko Sayama, Hayato Kizaki, Shungo Imai, Mitsuhiro Someya, Ryoo Taniguchi, Shuntaro Yada, Eiji Aramaki, Satoko Hori
BACKGROUND: Early detection of adverse events and their management are crucial to improving anticancer treatment outcomes, and listening to patients' subjective opinions (patients' voices) can make a major contribution to improving safety management. Recent progress in deep learning technologies has enabled various new approaches for the evaluation of safety-related events based on patient-generated text data, but few studies have focused on the improvement of real-time safety monitoring for individual patients...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Medical Internet Research
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Renee C Brigham, Alexander R Mattson, Paul A Iaizzo
Epicardial interventions have forged new frontiers in cardiac ablation and device therapies. Healthy human hearts typically present with significant adipose tissue layers superficial to the ventricular myocardium and may hinder success or increase the complexities of epicardial interventions. We quantitatively evaluated the distribution of epicardial adipose tissue on the surface of human hearts and provided high-fidelity 3-dimensional reconstructions of these epicardial adipose tissue layers. The regional thickness of adipose tissues was analyzed at 51 anatomical reference points surrounding both ventricles and compared to specific patient demographics...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefan Evers, Grazia Dell'Agnello, Diego Novick, H Saygin Gonderten, Tommaso Panni, Julio Pascual
INTRODUCTION: The ObserVational survey of the Epidemiology, tReatment and Care Of MigrainE (OVERCOME) European Union (EU) is part of an overarching population-based study program that also includes the United States and Japan. Here, we report data on the migraine/severe headache burden and the use of acute medication and healthcare resources in Spain and Germany. METHODS: OVERCOME (EU) was an online, non-interventional, cross-sectional survey conducted in adults in Spain and Germany between October 2020 and February 2021...
April 16, 2024: Pain and Therapy
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anthony D Jimenez, Margaret Gopaul, Hannah Asbell, Seyhmus Aydemir, Maysaa M Basha, Ayush Batra, Charlotte Damien, Gregory S Day, Onome Eka, Krista Eschbach, Safoora Fatima, Madeline C Fields, Brandon Foreman, Elizabeth E Gerard, Teneille E Gofton, Hiba A Haider, Stephen T Hantus, Sara Hocker, Amy Jongeling, Mariel Kalkach Aparicio, Padmaja Kandula, Peter Kang, Karnig Kazazian, Marissa A Kellogg, Minjee Kim, Jong Woo Lee, Lara V Marcuse, Christopher M McGraw, Wazim Mohamed, Janet Orozco, Cederic Pimentel, Vineet Punia, Alexandra M Ramirez, Claude Steriade, Aaron F Struck, Olga Taraschenko, Andrew K Treister, Ji Yeoun Yoo, Sahar Zafar, Daniel J Zhou, Deepti Zutshi, Nicolas Gaspard, Lawrence J Hirsch, Aurelie Hanin
Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a subset of new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) that involves a febrile infection prior to the onset of the refractory status epilepticus. It is unclear whether FIRES and non-FIRES NORSE are distinct conditions. Here, we compare 34 patients with FIRES to 30 patients with non-FIRES NORSE for demographics, clinical features, neuroimaging, and outcomes. Because patients with FIRES were younger than patients with non-FIRES NORSE (median = 28 vs...
April 16, 2024: Epilepsia
#17
REVIEW
Patrick W O'Regan, James A O'Regan, Michael M Maher, David J Ryan
Analytic morphomics refers to the accurate measurement of specific biological markers of human body composition in diagnostic medical imaging. The increasing prevalence of disease processes that alter body composition including obesity, cachexia, and sarcopenia has generated interest in specific targeted measurement of these metrics to possibly prevent or reduce negative health outcomes. Typical morphomic measurements include the area and density of muscle, bone, vascular calcification, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat on a specific validated axial level in the patient's cross-sectional diagnostic imaging...
April 16, 2024: Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal
#18
Caitlin G Peterson, Rachel L Jackson
BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation is an acceptable therapy end-stage kidney disease secondary to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis with risk of disease recurrence ranging from 3% to 17%. Standard posttransplant immunosuppression is the mainstay of therapy after recurrence. Recently, new medications focused on complement regulation and avoidance of steroids have been shown to be effective in treating antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) vasculitis with no studies in the pediatric population...
May 2024: Pediatric Transplantation
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tsan-Ju Chen, Dean-Chuan Wang, Pei-Chun Liu, Hui-Shan Hung, Tsung-Lin Cheng
Working memory (WM) is a cognitive function important for guiding the on-going or upcoming behavior. A memory-related protein Arc (activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein) is implicated in long-term memory consolidation. Recent evidence further suggests the involvement of hippocampal Arc in spatial WM. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a key brain region mediating WM. However, the role of mPFC Arc in WM is still uncertain. To investigate whether mPFC Arc protein is involved in WM performance, delayed non-match to sample (DNMS) T-maze task was performed in rats with or without blocking new synthesis of mPFC Arc...
April 16, 2024: Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kathleene Dower, Georgia K B Halkett, Haryana Dhillon, Diana Naehrig, Moira O'Connor
INTRODUCTION: The currently accepted best practice radiation treatment for left breast cancer patients is Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) where patients hold a deep breath to reduce late cardiac and pulmonary effects from treatment. DIBH can be challenging and induce or exacerbate anxiety in patients due to the perceived pressure to reduce radiation treatment side effects. This study explored the experiences of patients treated with Deep Inspiration Breath Hold Radiation Therapy (DIBH-RT) to improve patient-centred care and inform the design of multimedia educational tools for future patients undergoing DIBH...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences
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