Depression, bipolar, anxiety, eating disorder

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and correlates of eating disorder symptoms in adolescents with bipolar I disorder (BP I). Methods: We retrospectively collected a DSM-IV-TR -based diagnostic assessment of 179 adolescents with BP I and evaluated clinical variables in those with and without eating disorder symptoms. For comparison, we retrospectively evaluated eating disorder symptoms in adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Results: Thirty-six percent of adolescents with BP I experienced lifetime eating disorder symptoms; among comorbid adolescents, 74% reported eating disorder cognitions and 40% reported symptoms related to bingeing, 25% purging, and 17% restricting...

This review study investigates how exercise can enhance cognitive ability and mental wellness. Physical activity has been linked to a number of beneficial effects on cognitive function, including increased memory and executive function in adults, improved academic performance in children and adolescents, and potential advantages for people with cognitive impairments or neurodegenerative diseases. Increased cerebral blood flow, the synthesis of neurotrophic factors, and a decrease in oxidative stress and inflammation are the processes driving these effects...

Mental health conditions range from mood disturbances like depression and bipolar disorder to anxiety and psychotic disorders, eating disorders, and ADHD. Treatment plans traditionally involve pharmaceutical interventions. However, the emerging concept of lifestyle medicine can be an additive strategy for mental health management. The primary aim of this article is to dive into the use of medication in treating different mental health disorders and also highlight lifestyle changes, such as dietary adjustments and physical activity, as a means to enhance mental well-being, mitigate medication side effects, and address comorbid side effects like diabetes and obesity...

AIMS: Norway and Sweden had different early pandemic responses that may have impacted mental health management. The aim was to assess the impact of the early COVID-19 pandemic on mental health-related care. METHODS: We used national registries in Norway and Sweden (1 January 2018-31 December 2020) to define 2 cohorts: (i) general adult population; and (ii) mental health adult population. Interrupted times series regression analyses evaluated step and slope changes compared to prepandemic levels for monthly rates of medications (antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, hypnotics/sedatives, lithium, opioid analgesics, psychostimulants), hospitalizations (for anxiety, bipolar, depressive/mood, eating and schizophrenia/delusional disorders) and specialist outpatient visits...

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted mental health disorders, affecting both individuals with pre-existing conditions and those with no prior history. However, there is limited evidence regarding the pandemic's impact on mental health visits to primary care physicians. The International Consortium of Primary Care Big Data Researchers (INTRePID) explored primary care visit trends related to mental health conditions in Argentina, Australia, Canada, China, Norway, Peru, Singapore, Sweden, and the USA...

BACKGROUND: Antipsychotics are increasingly prescribed to children and adolescents worldwide, but little is known about reasons for prescribing. We aimed to examine patterns of paediatric antipsychotic prescribing in Australian primary care services in 2011 and 2017, including diagnoses, sociodemographic characteristics, off-label prescribing, and psychotropic co-prescribing. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of electronic health records (EHRs) using a large Australian general practice database (MedicineInsight)...

The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the development and trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms among subjects with different mental disorders, during the 3rd wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (T0, March-April 2021) while strict containment measures were applied in Italy, and after 3 months (T1, June-July 2021), with reduced restrictive measures. A sample of 527 subjects, with different DSM-5 diagnoses, was enrolled at nine Italian psychiatric outpatient services. Assessments at T0 and T1 included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms...

BACKGROUND: Eating disorder (ED) and bipolar disorder (BD) exhibit certain phenomenological similarities rooted in eating behavior and emotional regulation. However, despite the growing body of research on the comorbidity of ED and BD, scientific data on the concurrent course of these disorders has remained poorly systematized. AIM: To conduct a scoping review of published data on the prevalence of various types of ED among patients with BD types I and II in the context of the sex and clinical features of the concurrent course of these disorders...

BACKGROUND: Data on the sociodemographic, biographical, and clinical factors associated with a lifetime diagnosis of eating disorders (ED) in patients with non-psychotic mental disorders (NPMD) and suicidal ideation (SI) are scarce. METHODS: A cohort study was conducted at the Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry. The sample consisted of consecutive patients with non-psychotic mental disorders and SI, aged 1845 years. Participants with a lifetime diagnosis of anorexia and/or bulimia (then in remission or recovery) were compared with those without ED in terms of their sociodemographic profile, clinical characteristics, lifetime traumatic events, and some behavioral patterns...

BACKGROUND: Infertility affects many couples globally, causing physical, emotional, and financial burdens. While observational studies suggest a link between psychiatric disorders and female infertility, causal relationships remain uncertain. Mendelian randomization analysis, using genome-wide association studies data, minimizes confounding factors and reverse causation, providing valuable insights into causal associations. METHODS: We conducted Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the potential causal relationship between female infertility and psychiatric disorders...

BACKGROUND: It is uncertain whether app-based interventions add value to existing mental health care. OBJECTIVE: To examine the incremental effects of app-based interventions when used as adjunct to mental health interventions. METHODS: We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases on September 15th, 2023, for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on mental health interventions with an adjunct app-based intervention compared to the same intervention-only arm for adults with mental disorders or respective clinically relevant symptomatology...

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of risk factors for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may facilitate early diagnosis; however, studies examining a broad range of potential risk factors for ADHD in adults are limited. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with newly diagnosed ADHD among adults in the United States (US). METHODS: Eligible adults from the IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus database (10/01/2015-09/30/2021) were classified into the ADHD cohort if they had ≥ 2 ADHD diagnoses (index date: first ADHD diagnosis) and into the non-ADHD cohort if they had no observed ADHD diagnosis (index date: random date) with a 1:3 case-to-control ratio...

BACKGROUND: Primary care electronic health records (EHR) are widely used to study long-term conditions in epidemiological and health services research. Therefore, it is important to understand how well the recorded prevalence of these conditions in EHRs, compares to other reliable sources overall, and varies by socio-demographic characteristics. We aimed to describe the prevalence and socio-demographic variation of cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic (CRM) and mental health (MH) conditions in a large, nationally representative, English primary care database and compare with prevalence estimates from other population-based studies...

OBJECTIVE: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are commonly comorbid with eating disorders (EDs). However, there is limited data about the clinical features of such patients, especially their association with traumatic histories and PTSD, which occur commonly in patients admitted to residential treatment. METHODS: Adults (≥18 years, 91% female, n = 2155) admitted to residential ED treatment were evaluated upon admission for DSM-5 defined MDD and BD...

The offspring of parents with mental disorders are at increased risk for developing mental disorders themselves. The risk to offspring may extend transdiagnostically to disorders other than those present in the parents. The literature on this topic is vast but mixed. To inform targeted prevention and genetic counseling, we performed a comprehensive, PRISMA 2020-compliant meta-analysis. We systematically searched the literature published up to September 2022 to retrieve original family high-risk and registry studies reporting on the risk of mental disorders in offspring of parents with any type of mental disorder...

BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a lifespan neurodevelopmental condition resulting from complex interactions between genetic and environmental risk factors. There is evidence that ADHD is associated with other mental disorders, but it remains unclear whether and in what way a causal relationship exists. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the direct and indirect causal paths between ADHD and seven common mental disorders. METHODS: Two-sample network Mendelian randomisation analysis was performed to identify psychiatric disorders causally related to ADHD...

BACKGROUND: The burden of mental health conditions in children and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease remains unclear. We assessed this using a primary care database in the United Kingdom. METHODS: A retrospective, observational study compared children and young adults with incident inflammatory bowel disease 5 to 25 years of age (2010-2020) against population control subjects. Outcomes comprised incident depression, anxiety disorder, eating disorders, body image disorders, attention-deficit disorders, behavioral disorders, adjustment disorders, acute stress disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, self-harm, parasuicide (including suicide), and sleep disturbance...

BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a lifespan neurodevelopmental condition resulting from complex interactions between genetic and environmental risk factors. There is evidence that ADHD is associated with other mental disorders, but it remains unclear whether and in what way a causal relationship exists. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the direct and indirect causal paths between ADHD and seven common mental disorders. METHODS: Two-sample network Mendelian randomisation analysis was performed to identify psychiatric disorders causally related to ADHD...

OBJECTIVE: Trauma has been proposed as a risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to determine the causal role of trauma in six common psychiatric disorders. METHODS: We obtained summary-level data for genetic variants associated with trauma and the corresponding association with psychiatric disorders from previous genome-wide association studies. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyzes were performed to estimate the causal association between trauma and psychiatric disorders, with inverse variance weighted used as the main method...

Objective: To examine the funding priorities of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) since 2016 to assess whether NIMH was continuing to prioritize basic research at the expense of clinical research. Methods: Six psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, autism) were assessed using 2 publicly available data sources (ClinicalTrials.gov and the National Institutes of Health Research, Condition, and Disease Categorization [RCDC]) to determine the degree of NIMH support for drug trials and research on these disorders in general since 2016...