Gender role

BACKGROUND: The extant literature suggests that women are more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection and at higher risk for developing long COVID. Due to pandemic mitigation recommendations, social media was relied upon for various aspects of daily life, likely with differences of usage between genders. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the role and functions of social media in the lives of long-hauler women. METHODS: Participants were purposively snowball-sampled from an online health promotion intervention for long-hauler women with COVID-19 from March to June 2021...

Millions of people are subject to infertility worldwide and one in every six people, regardless of gender, experiences infertility at some period in their life, according to the World Health Organization. Assisted reproductive technologies are defined as a set of procedures that can address the infertility issue among couples, culminating in the alleviation of the condition. However, the costly conventional procedures of assisted reproduction and the inherent vagaries of the processes involved represent a setback for its successful implementation...

INTRODUCTION: Physician educators are essential in training the next generation of physicians. However, physician educators' perspectives about what experiences they find beneficial to their teaching and the prevalence of these experiences remain unknown. Guided by social cognitive career theory (SCCT) and communities of practice (CoP), we explored what experiences physician educators perceive as beneficial in preparing them to teach. METHODS: In 2019, the Uniformed Services University School of Medicine in the United States surveyed its physician alumni to understand their education experiences during medical school, their current career path and what has contributed to their teaching role...

AIM: To explore factors that influence the impact of nurse practitioners' clinical autonomy with a self-determining perspective. BACKGROUND: Worldwide, there is a significant demand for healthcare professionals such as the nurse practitioner in meeting some healthcare needs across patients' lifespans. Factors influencing nurse practitioners clinical autonomy can impact the full utilisation of the role in practice. INTRODUCTION: Limited evidence exists that describes or researches nurse practitioner clinical autonomy...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Early neurological deterioration (END) occurs in up to one-third of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and associated with poor outcome. The role of serum bilirubin in END remains controversial. This study aims to investigate the association of total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) with END. METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional retrospective study with 344 AIS patients enrolled. We retrospectively reviewed consecutive AIS patients with END through a medical record retrieval system and enrolled patients as control randomly from the AIS patients without END at the same period...

AIM: To determine the effect of standard treatment on changes in the structural and functional properties of erythrocytes in obstructive and non-obstructive acute pyelonephritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The structural and functional properties of erythrocytes and their intracellular metabolism in 78 patients with a diagnosis of primary non-obstructive and secondary obstructive acute pyelonephritis, randomized by age, gender, and the minimum number of concomitant diseases were investigated...

BACKGROUND: Place of residence plays an influential role in shaping individual development, and studies have established links between Childhood migration experience (CME) and health outcomes through maturity. Over the past three decades, China has undergone one of the largest rural-to-urban migrations, however, little is known about the effect of CME on rural migrants' adult health in China. METHODS: Data from 7035 members of the 2016 and 2018 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey were analyzed...

INTRODUCTION: Pedestrians are considered the most vulnerable and complex road users as human behavior constitutes one of the fundamental reasons for traffic-related incidents involving pedestrians. However, the role of health literacy as a predictor of Pedestrian safety behavior remains underexplored. Therefore, the current study was designed to examine the level of health literacy and its association with the safety behavior of adult pedestrians in the city of Tabriz. METHODS: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among individuals aged 18 to 65 years in the metropolitan area of Tabriz from January to April 2023...

The role of complex network analysis in patients with diagnosis of unruptured intracranial aneurysm is unexplored. The objective of this study is to assess the applicability of this methodology in aneurysm patients. We retrospectively analyze comprehensive unbiased local digital data of a large number of patients treated for any reason between January 2004 and July 2019. We apply an age-cohort approach to a total of 628,831 patients and construct the diagnostic history of each patient-and include the information how old the patient was when diagnosed for the first time with each diagnosis coded according to International Classification of Diseases...

BACKGROUND: Nurses have a key role in the recognition, reporting, and channelization of child abuse and neglect. Nurses should have sufficient knowledge about the presentation of child abuse and neglect. They also need to understand their role in reporting any instance where they detect cases of abuse and neglect. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of a structured Child Neglect and Abuse Educational Program (CNaA-EP) on the level of knowledge and awareness of nursing students about child neglect and abuse...

In the late twentieth century, increasing numbers of women in wealthy nations waited until they were aged in their 30s to give birth and become parents. This article examines responses to the changing demographics of maternity among social researchers, doctors, pregnant women and mothers in Aotearoa New Zealand. The article analyses raw research data from historical social survey projects The Right Time (interviews completed in 1982-1983) and Motherhood After 30 (1987) by the grassroots organisation the Society for Research on Women in New Zealand...

BACKGROUND: Meningiomas are the most frequent primary intracranial tumour. While histological grade and grade of excision are established predictors of recurrence, nuances such as the role of radical excision of dural attachment and postoperative radiotherapy in intermediate-risk groups remain unanswered. METHOD: This report presented data from 451 WHO Grade 1 and 248 WHO Grade 2 intracranial meningiomas operated between 2010 and 2015, analysing their clinical and radiological features and surgical details...

The quality of an individual's relationship plays a central role in their personal well-being as well as their mental and physical health. Despite its great importance, there are only a few ultra-short self-report measures for the assessment of relationship quality. An exception is the four-item version of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS-4), which is gaining increasing popularity internationally. In this study, the German version of the DAS-4 was evaluated for the first time with regard to its psychometric properties in a general population sample of individuals in a romantic relationship (N=1296)...

OBJECTIVES: Epigenetically modified fibroblasts contribute to chronicity in inflammatory diseases. Reasons for the relapsing character of large vessel vasculitis (LVV) remain obscure, including the role of fibroblasts, in part due to limited access to biopsies of involved tissue.68Ga FAPI-46 (FAPI)-PET/CT detects activated fibroblasts in vivo. In this exploratory pilot study, we tested the detection of fibroblast activation in vessel walls using FAPI-PET/CT in LVV with aortitis. METHODS: 8 LVV patients with aortitis and 8 age- and gender-matched controls were included...

INTRODUCTION: Sex disparities in presentation of osteoarthritis and utilization of joint replacement surgery (JRS) have been demonstrated. The role of patients' unique perspectives on JRS on their treatment decisions is poorly understood. METHODS: JRS candidates who were offered JRS but declined surgical treatment completed this survey. Survey questions included demographic information, patient experiences and current opinions around JRS, patient experiences with providers, goals and concerns, and barriers to JRS...

ISSUES: Alcohol marketing on social media platforms is pervasive and effective, reaching wide audiences and allowing interaction with users. We know little about the gendered nature of digital alcohol marketing, including how women and men are portrayed, how different genders respond and implications for gender relations. This review aimed to identify how males, females and other genders are targeted and represented in digital alcohol marketing, and how they are encouraged to engage with digital alcohol marketing content...

PURPOSE: Although a number of investigations have been carried out on the marketing outcomes of parasocial relationships (PSR) with food influencers on social media, little attention has been paid to the potential contribution of these one-sided emotional bonds to followers' eating attitudes and habits. Drawing on the Parasocial Theory, the role of parasocial attachment with food influencers was investigated in predicting eating disorders, food addiction, and grazing. To increase the accuracy of PSR measurement, a brief self-report scale was developed to gauge social media users' feelings of mutual awareness, attention, and adjustment with their favorite food influencer at a distance through social media...

African immigrants are moving to high-income nations such as Canada in greater numbers in search of a better life. These immigrants frequently struggle with several issues, including limited social support, shifts in gender roles/status, cultural conflicts with their children, and language barriers. We used participatory action research (PAR) to gather data about Sub-Saharan African immigrants residing in Alberta, Canada, with a focus on their viewpoints, difficulties, and experiences of parenting children in Canada...

BACKGROUND: Primary care physicians played an important role in the global response during the COVID-19 pandemic, but with the absence of laboratory and diagnostics services, the move to telehealth and the focus on respiratory assessment, they faced increased uncertainty when making clinical decisions. OBJECTIVES: This paper aims to examine the impact of the pandemic on decisions made by primary care physicians, as measured by referrals to chest X-ray and laboratory tests and by prescriptions of antibiotics...

The process of transitioning involves making changes to align one's life with their authentic gender identity. This study explores the life trajectories of three Portuguese transgender women who transitioned later in life (50+ years old) by identifying key chapters in their life courses. Through inductive thematic analysis, six chapters were identified from the participants' interviews: (1) awareness of "something different in me," (2) locked into suffering, (3) finding comfort in something that is socially recognized, (4) "it is enough": it is time to recognize and embrace the woman I am, (5) living my life as a woman, and (6) building and leaving a legacy...