keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508714/-tmod2-is-a-regulator-of-cocaine-responses-through-control-of-striatal-and-cortical-excitability-and-drug-induced-plasticity
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arojit Mitra, Sean P Deats, Price E Dickson, Jiuhe Zhu, Justin Gardin, Brian J Nieman, R Mark Henkelman, Nien-Pei Tsai, Elissa J Chesler, Zhong-Wei Zhang, Vivek Kumar
Drugs of abuse induce neuroadaptations, including synaptic plasticity, that are critical for transition to addiction, and genes and pathways that regulate these neuroadaptations are potential therapeutic targets. Tropomodulin 2 ( Tmod2 ) is an actin-regulating gene that plays an important role in synapse maturation and dendritic arborization and has been implicated in substance-abuse and intellectual disability in humans. Here we mine the KOMP2 data and find that Tmod 2 knockout mice show emotionality phenotypes that are predictive of addiction vulnerability...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508306/%C3%AE-2-nachr-sensitivity-modulates-acquisition-of-cocaine-self-administration-in-male-rats
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noah B Walker, Brenton R Tucker, Leanne N Thomas, Andrew E Tapp, Anna I Neel, Rong Chen, Sara R Jones, Ryan M Drenan
Signaling through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) plays a role in cocaine reward and reinforcement, suggesting that the cholinergic system could be manipulated with therapeutics to modulate aspects of cocaine use disorder (CUD). We examined the interaction between nAChRs and cocaine reinforcement by expressing a hypersensitive β2 nAChR subunit (β2Leu9'Ser) in the ventral tegmental area of male Sprague Dawley rats. Compared to control rats, β2Leu9'Ser rats acquired (fixed ratio) intravenous cocaine self-administration faster and with greater likelihood...
March 18, 2024: Neuropharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506559/bilateral-watershed-infarcts-due-to-hypoperfusion-in-the-context-of-drug-abuse-case-report
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aine Redmond, Paraschos Archontakis-Barakakis, David-Dimitris Chlorogiannis, George Ntaios, Theodorοs Mavridis
BACKGROUND: Watershed infarcts (WIs) are a distinct type of stroke with a varying clinical presentation that affects the border areas between the territories of two cerebral arteries and are typically associated with hemodynamic impairment and internal carotid artery stenosis. However, there is a paucity of data concerning its association with the history of recreational substance and drug abuse.Methods/Case Report: This case report presents a unique instance of bilateral internal watershed infarcts in a 23-year-old male with a history of polysubstance abuse, including methadone and cocaine...
March 20, 2024: International Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504419/explaining-the-high-mortality-among-opioid-cocaine-co-users-compared-to-opioid-only-users-a-systematic-review
#24
REVIEW
Jan van Amsterdam, Wim van den Brink
RATIONALE: The opioid crisis in North America has recently seen a fourth wave, which is dominated by drug-related deaths due to the combined use of illicitly manufactured fentanyl [IMF] and stimulants such as cocaine and methamphetamine. OBJECTIVES: A systematic review addressing the question why drug users combine opioids and stimulants and why the combination results in such a high overdose mortality: from specific and dangerous pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interactions or from accidental poisoning? RESULTS: Motives for the combined use include a more intensive high or rush when used at the same time, and some users have the unfounded and dangerous belief that co-use of stimulants will counteract opioid-induced respiratory depression...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Addictive Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502326/perinatal-arterial-ischemic-stroke-how-informative-is-the-placenta
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica Hirschel, Francisca Barcos-Munoz, François Chalard, Florence Chiodini, Manuella Epiney, Joel Fluss, Anne-Laure Rougemont
Neuroplacentology is an expanding field of interest that addresses the placental influence on fetal and neonatal brain lesions and on further neurodevelopment. The objective of this study was to clarify the link between placental pathology and perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS). Prior publications have reported different types of perinatal stroke with diverse methodologies precluding firm conclusions. We report here the histological placental findings in a series of 16 neonates with radiologically confirmed PAIS...
March 19, 2024: Virchows Archiv: An International Journal of Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501680/accidental-substance-related-acute-toxicity-deaths-in-older-adults-in-2016-and-2017-a-national-chart-review-study
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingru Helen Ha, Jacqueline Burt, Shane Randell, Amanda VanSteelandt
INTRODUCTION: Limited research exists on substance-related acute toxicity deaths (ATDs) in older adults (≥60 years) in Canada. This study aims to examine and describe the sociodemographic characteristics, health histories and circumstances of death for accidental ATDs among older adults. METHODS: Following a retrospective descriptive analysis of all coroner and medical examiner files on accidental substance-related ATDs in older adults in Canada from 2016 to 2017, proportions and mortality rates for coroner and medical examiner data were compared with general population data on older adults from the 2016 Census...
March 2024: Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501679/accidental-substance-related-acute-toxicity-deaths-among-youth-in-canada-a-descriptive-analysis-of-a-national-chart-review-study-of-coroner-and-medical-examiner-data
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanda VanSteelandt, Grace Yi-Shin Chang, Katherine McKenzie, Fiona Kouyoumdjian
INTRODUCTION: Substance-related acute toxicity deaths (ATDs) are a public health crisis in Canada. Youth are often at higher risk for substance use due to social, environmental and structural factors. The objectives of this study were to understand the characteristics of youth (aged 12-24 years) dying of accidental acute toxicity in Canada and examine the substances contributing to and circumstances surrounding youth ATDs. METHODS: Data from a national chart review study of coroner and medical examiner data on ATDs that occurred in Canada between 2016 and 2017 were used to conduct descriptive analyses with proportions, mortality rates and proportionate mortality rates...
March 2024: Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499719/insular-cortex-subregions-have-distinct-roles-in-cued-heroin-seeking-after-extinction-learning-and-prolonged-withdrawal-in-rats
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew S McGregor, Caitlin V Cosme, Ryan T LaLumiere
Evidence indicates that the anterior (aIC), but not posterior (pIC), insular cortex promotes cued reinstatement of cocaine seeking after extinction in rats. It is unknown whether these subregions also regulate heroin seeking and whether such involvement depends on prior extinction learning. To address these questions, we used baclofen and muscimol (BM) to inactivate the aIC or pIC bilaterally during a seeking test after extinction or prolonged withdrawal from heroin. Male Sprague-Dawley rats in the extinction groups underwent 10+ days of heroin self-administration, followed by 6+ days of extinction sessions, and subsequent cued or heroin-primed reinstatement...
March 18, 2024: Neuropsychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499566/co-targeting-the-kappa-opioid-receptor-and-dopamine-transporter-reduces-motivation-to-self-administer-cocaine-and-partially-reverses-dopamine-system-dysregulation
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paige M Estave, Steven E Albertson, Anushree N Karkhanis, Sara R Jones
Cocaine disrupts dopamine (DA) and kappa opioid receptor (KOR) system activity, with long-term exposure reducing inhibiton of DA uptake by cocaine and increasing KOR system function. Single treatment therapies have not been successful for cocaine use disorder; therefore, this study focuses on a combination therapy targeting the dopamine transporter (DAT) and KOR. Sprague Dawley rats self-administered 5 days of cocaine (1.5 mg/kg/inf, max 40 inf/day, FR1), followed by 14 days on a progressive ratio (PR) schedule (0...
March 18, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499497/multiscale-topology-in-interactomic-network-from-transcriptome-to-antiaddiction-drug-repurposing
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongyan Du, Guo-Wei Wei, Tingjun Hou
The escalating drug addiction crisis in the United States underscores the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies. This study embarked on an innovative and rigorous strategy to unearth potential drug repurposing candidates for opioid and cocaine addiction treatment, bridging the gap between transcriptomic data analysis and drug discovery. We initiated our approach by conducting differential gene expression analysis on addiction-related transcriptomic data to identify key genes. We propose a novel topological differentiation to identify key genes from a protein-protein interaction network derived from DEGs...
January 22, 2024: Briefings in Bioinformatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499081/iuphar-themed-issue-new-strategies-for-medications-to-treat-substance-use-disorders
#31
REVIEW
Surya Pandey, Courtney A Miller
Substance use disorders (SUD) are chronic relapsing disorders governed by continually shifting cycles of positive drug reward experiences and drug withdrawal-induced negative experiences. A large body of research points to plasticity within systems regulating emotional, motivational, and cognitive processes as drivers of continued compulsive pursuit and consumption of substances despite negative consequences. This plasticity is observed at all levels of analysis from molecules to networks, providing multiple avenues for intervention in SUD...
March 16, 2024: Pharmacological Research: the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496609/effects-of-access-condition-on-substance-use-disorder-like-phenotypes-in-male-and-female-rats-self-administering-mdpv-or-cocaine
#32
Michelle R Doyle, Nina M Beltran, Mark S A Bushnell, Maaz Syed, Valeria Acosta, Marisa Desai, Kenner C Rice, Katherine M Serafine, Georgianna G Gould, Lynette C Daws, Gregory T Collins
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a heterogeneous disorder, where severity, symptoms, and patterns of substance use vary across individuals. Yet, when rats are allowed to self-administer drugs such as cocaine under short-access conditions, their behavior tends to be well-regulated and homogeneous in nature; though individual differences can emerge when rats are provided long- or intermittent-access to cocaine. In contrast to cocaine, significant individual differences emerge when rats are allowed to self-administer 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), even under short-access conditions, wherein ∼30% of rats rapidly transition to high levels of drug-taking...
March 8, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494055/patterns-of-mean-age-at-drug-use-initiation-by-race-and-ethnicity-2004-2019
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karl C Alcover, Abram J Lyons, Solmaz Amiri
INTRODUCTION: Adolescent drug use can result in clinically significant psychiatric outcomes later in life mitigated by targeted prevention strategies. While mean age of drug initiation has increased over time, there is little research of mean age of drug initiation among adolescents by race/ethnicity. METHODS: The study used the National Survey on Drug Use and Health data (2004-2019). Sample included individuals aged 12 to 21 years. Year-by-year drug use initiation (i...
March 15, 2024: J Subst Use Addict Treat
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492875/isradipine-an-l-type-calcium-channel-blocker-attenuates-cocaine-effects-in-mice-by-reducing-central-glutamate-release
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Luiza Diniz Lima, Emanuele Guimarães Silva, Pablo Leal Cardozo, Maria Carolina Machado da Silva, Suélyn Koerich, Fabíola Mara Ribeiro, Fabrício A Moreira, Luciene Bruno Vieira
Substance abuse disorder is a chronic condition for which pharmacological treatment options remain limited. L-type calcium channels (LTCC) have been implicated in drug-related plasticity and behavior. Specifically, dopaminergic neurons in the mesocorticolimbic pathway express Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3 channels, which may regulate dopaminergic activity associated with reward behavior. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that pre-administration of the LTCC blocker, isradipine can mitigate the effects of cocaine by modulating central glutamatergic transmission...
March 14, 2024: European Journal of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491927/infant-exposure-to-drugs-of-abuse-investigated-by-hair-analysis
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cestonaro Clara, Terranova Claudio, Cinquetti Alessandro, Russo Alessia, Aprile Anna, Favretto Donata
Infant exposure to drugs of abuse represents a worldwide problem whose extent is difficult to estimate. Despite the potentially serious health consequences, few data concerning exposure in children under 1 year of age are available. Since in clinical and forensic settings, neonatal and infant hair testing represents a useful method for investigating suspected drug exposures, an observational retrospective study was performed on hair analysis of children under 1 year of age evaluated at the University Hospital of Padova between 2018 and 2022 with the aim of estimate the extent and define the characteristics of this phenomenon in the reference setting...
March 16, 2024: Drug Testing and Analysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490096/assessing-risk-of-major-adverse-cardiac-events-among-patients-with-chest-pain-and-cocaine-use-using-the-heart-score
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Neeraja Murali, Afrah Ali, Robinson Okolo, Saad Pirzada, Benoit Stryckman, Lauren Day, Daniel Lemkin, Mark Sutherland, Zachary Dezman, Quincy K Tran
INTRODUCTION: Chest pain (CP), a common presentation in the emergency department (ED) setting, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality if emergency clinicians miss the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The HEART (History, Electrocardiogram, Age, Risk Factors, Troponin) score had been validated for risk-stratification patients who are at high risk for ACS and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). However, the use of cocaine as a risk factor of the HEART score was controversial...
February 3, 2024: American Journal of Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489267/relapse-to-cocaine-seeking-is-regulated-by-medial-habenula-nr4a2-nurr1-in-mice
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica E Childs, Samuel Morabito, Sudeshna Das, Caterina Santelli, Victoria Pham, Kelly Kusche, Vanessa Alizo Vera, Fairlie Reese, Rianne R Campbell, Dina P Matheos, Vivek Swarup, Marcelo A Wood
Drugs of abuse can persistently change the reward circuit in ways that contribute to relapse behavior, partly via mechanisms that regulate chromatin structure and function. Nuclear orphan receptor subfamily4 groupA member2 (NR4A2, also known as NURR1) is an important effector of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)-dependent mechanisms in persistent memory processes and is highly expressed in the medial habenula (MHb), a region that regulates nicotine-associated behaviors. Here, expressing the Nr4a2 dominant negative (Nurr2c) in the MHb blocks reinstatement of cocaine seeking in mice...
March 13, 2024: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487570/patient-perspectives-on-current-and-potential-therapies-and-clinical-trial-approaches-for-cocaine-use-disorder
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suzanne Maahs, Denise Leclair, Baltazar Gomez-Mancilla, Brian D Kiluk, Velusamy Shanmuganathan Muthusamy, Partha S Banerjee, Shyamashree Dasgupta, Katherine M Waye
BACKGROUND: Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is characterized by the continued use of cocaine despite serious impacts on life. This study focused on understanding the perspective of individuals with current CUD, individuals in CUD remission, and their supporters regarding current therapies, future therapies, and views on clinical trials for CUD. METHODS: The online bulletin board (OBB) is a qualitative tool where participants engage in an interactive discussion on a virtual forum...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486879/social-isolation-postweaning-alters-reward-related-dopamine-dynamics-in-a-region-specific-manner-in-adolescent-male-rats
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valeria Lallai, Cristina Congiu, Giulia Craig, Letizia Manca, Yen-Chu Chen, Angeline J Dukes, Christie D Fowler, Laura Dazzi
Early development is characterized by dynamic transitions in brain maturation, which may be impacted by environmental factors. Here, we sought to determine the effects of social isolation from postweaning and during adolescence on reward behavior and dopaminergic signaling in male rats. Subjects were socially isolated or group housed at postnatal day 21. Three weeks later, extracellular dopamine concentrations were examined in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens shell (NAc) during a feeding bout...
May 2024: Neurobiology of Stress
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486472/sexual-effects-of-commonly-used-recreational-psychostimulants-in-women-and-the-female-rat-model
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maggie N Mott, Nicholas E Goeders
INTRODUCTION: Recreational psychostimulants have been associated with increased sexual activity or changes in sexual function in women, but every drug in this class has not shown consistent sexual effects in scientific studies. Further, some studies in female animal models may recapitulate the effects observed in humans, while others produce conflicting results. Overall, though, published studies on the sexual effects of recreational stimulants in women are lacking. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this manuscript was to review the published sexual effects of prominent recreational psychostimulants in women and in the female rat model...
March 14, 2024: Sexual Medicine Reviews
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