Meat

South Africa is home to numerous indigenous and locally developed sheep (Nguni Pedi, Zulu, and Namaqua Afrikaner, Afrino, Africander, Bezuidenhout Africander, Damara, Dorper, Döhne Merino, Meat Master, South African Merino, South African Mutton Merino, Van Rooy, and Dorper), goat (SA veld, Tankwa, Imbuzi, Bantu, Boer, and Savanna) and cattle (Afrigus, Afrikaner, Bolowana, Bonsmara, Bovelder, Drakensberger, South African Angus, South African Dairy Swiss, South African Friesland, South African Red, and Veld Master) animals...

INTRODUCTION: Haemonchus contortus ( H. contortus ) is a blood-feeding nematode causing infectious disease haemonchosis in small ruminants of tropical and subtropical regions around the world. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and phylogeny of H. contortus in small ruminants using the internal transcribed spacer-2 (ITS-2) gene. In addition, a comprehensive review of the available literature on the status of H. contortus in Pakistan was conducted. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from sheep and goats ( n  = 180)...

This study examined the difference in volatile flavor characteristics among four different local breeds of chicken by headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) combined with multivariate analysis. In total, 65 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified (17 aldehydes, 12 alcohols, 7 ketones, 5 esters, 2 acids, and 22 unidentified, i.e., 26.15% aldehydes, 18.46% alcohols, 10.77% ketones, 7.69% esters, 3.08% acids, and 33.84% unidentified), of which 43 were annotated. The chicken meats from the four breeds exhibited good separation in topographic plots, VOC fingerprinting, and multivariate analysis...

A dose-response assay was carried out to investigate the effects of graded levels of dietary tryptophan (Trp) on blood variables, immunity, and meat quality in quail chicks during the last two weeks of the growing period. A total of 420 21-day-old quail chicks were randomly distributed across the seven experimental groups (i.e., 2.12, 2.25, 2.38, 2.51, 2.64, 2.77, and 2.90 g Trp/kg of diet) with four pen replicates of 15 birds each. Blood variables, including uric acid (UA), albumin (ALB), and triglycerides (TG), responded inversely to increasing dietary Trp ( P  < 0...

This study aimed to clarify the effects of deep-sea pressure storage on the quality of whale meat, especially microbiological safety and physical properties, to examine the effectiveness of deep-sea storage for long-term aging of whale meat. Microbiological safety, physical properties, color and appearance, water content, water activity, and pH of whale meat were examined after storage in the deep sea at depths of 2200-6000 m (22-60 MPa) for 4 months. During storage under high pressure at a depth of >4000 m (40 MPa), the growth of aerobic bacteria was inhibited in whale meat...

BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence of associations between the gut microbiota and anxiety disorders, where changes in gut microbiotas may affect brain function and behavior via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, population-level studies offering a higher level of evidence for causality are lacking. Our aim was to investigate the specific gut microbiota and associated metabolites that are closely related to anxiety disorders to provide mechanistic insights and novel management perspectives for anxiety disorders...

BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are commonly used drugs in farm animals for therapeutic, prophylactic and diagnosis purposes. As a result of the use of antibiotics in livestock, residues of antibiotics may be present in animal-derived foods, especially in meat. This study aimed at determining the antibiotic residues in cattle slaughtered at Nekemte municipal abattoir and assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) level of the community about antibiotic residue in food of cattle origin...

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Culture of muscle cells from livestock species has typically involved laborious enzyme-based approaches that yield heterogeneous populations with limited proliferative and myogenic differentiation capacity, thus limiting their use in physiologically-meaningful studies. This study reports the use of a simple explant culture technique to derive progenitor cell populations from porcine muscle that could be maintained and differentiated long-term in culture. Fragments of semitendinosus muscle from 4 to 8 week-old piglets (n = 4) were seeded on matrigel coated culture dishes to stimulate migration of muscle-derived progenitor cells (MDPCs)...

Zoonotic nematodes of the genus Trichinella are foodborne parasites that have a global distribution in wild carnivores and omnivores, with spillover and spillback into domestic livestock and people, with concomitant trade and health consequences. Historically, most human cases were linked to domestic pigs infected with Trichinella spiralis, but under current high biosecurity swine production in many countries, wildlife have become a more important source of human trichinellosis. The aim of this review is to update the global distribution of Trichinella species and genotypes reported in wildlife, as well as reported human outbreaks from the consumption of wildlife...

The purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of "simmer pus and grow meat" method based on bFGF regulating WNT / β-Catenin signaling pathway. Of 100 SPF rats, 25 were randomly selected as blank group, and 75 rats were established chronic infectious wound model and divided into blank group, model group (normal saline treatment, n = 25), experimental group (purple and white ointment treatment, n = 25), and wet burn ointment group (wet burn treatment, n = 25). The wound healing rate of rats was compared...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The evolution of demyelination in individual internodes remains unclear although it has been noticed the paranodal demyelination precedes internodal demyelination in neuropathies with diverse aetiologies. For therapeutic purpose, it is fundamental to know whether the demyelinating procedure in affected internodes can be interrupted. This study aimed to delineate the development of demyelination in individual internodes in avian riboflavin deficient neuropathy. METHODS: Newborn broiler meat chickens were maintained either on a routine diet containing 5...

Dietary modifications can help to prevent and manage many chronic diseases. The Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets emphasize consumption of fruits and vegetables while reducing intake of red meat. These diets are supported by well-established evidence for patients with cardiovascular disease and hypertension, respectively. Whole-food, plant-based diets have been shown to result in reduced body weight, lower A1c levels, and decreased insulin resistance in patients with diabetes...

Fermentation is thought to be born in the Fertile Crescent, and since then, almost every culture has integrated fermented foods into their dietary habits. Originally used to preserve foods, fermentation is now applied to improve their physicochemical, sensory, nutritional, and safety attributes. Fermented dairy, alcoholic beverages like wine and beer, fermented vegetables, fruits, and meats are all highly valuable due to their increased storage stability, reduced risk of food poisoning, and enhanced flavor...

A promising way to utilize fish by-products is to develop hydrolysis of fish proteins with enzymes. The obtained fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs) are rich in peptides and amino acids, but bitterness and aroma defects impede further utilization of FPHs. The present study adopted Maillard reaction to improve FPHs' flavor and illustrated the role of cysteine in this system. We investigated the impact of cysteine (0, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%) on the browning intensity, free amino acids (FAAs), molecular weight distribution, structure of MRPs, volatile compounds changes and organoleptic characteristics of xylose-glycine-FPHs Maillard reaction systems...

The consumption of contaminated poultry meat is a significant threat for public health, as it implicates in foodborne pathogen infections, such as those caused by Arcobacter . The mitigation of clinical cases requires the understanding of contamination pathways in each food process and the characterization of resident microbiota in the productive environments, so that targeted sanitizing procedures can be effectively implemented. Nowadays these investigations can benefit from the complementary and thoughtful use of culture- and omics-based analyses, although their application in situ is still limited...

UNLABELLED: Tail fat deposition of Altay sheep not only increased the cost of feeding but also reduced the economic value of meat. Currently, because artificial tail removal and gene modification methods cannot solve this problem, it is maybe to consider reducing tail fat deposition from the path of intestinal microbiota and metabolite. We measured body weight and tail fat weight, collected the serum for hormone detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and collected colon contents to 16S rRNA sequence and liquid chromotography with mass spectrometry detection to obtain colon microbiota and metabolite information, from 12 3-month-old and 6-month-old Altay sheep...

BACKGROUD: We previously demonstrated that Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs differ in growth rate and meat quality. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for such phenotypic differences remains unclear. Here, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of 36 longissimus dorsi (LM) and 36 soleus (SM) muscle samples from Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs at six postnatal stages (30, 60, 90, 150, 210, and 300 days) to explore the differences in postnatal skeletal muscle of Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs...

Asparagopsis taxiformis (Asparagopsis) has been shown to be highly efficacious at inhibiting the production of methane (CH4) in ruminants. To date, Asparagopsis has been primarily produced as a dietary supplement by freeze-drying to retain the volatile bioactive compound bromoform (CHBr3) in the product. Steeping of Asparagopsis bioactive compounds into a vegetable oil carrier (Asp-Oil) is an alternative method of stabilizing Asparagopsis as a ruminant feed additive. A dose-response experimental design used 3 Asp-Oil-canola oil blends, Low, Medium and High Asp-Oil which provided 17, 34 and 51 mg Asparagopsis derived CHBr3/kg DMI, respectively (in addition to a zero CHBr3 canola oil control), in a tempered-barley based feedlot finisher diet, fed for 59 days to 20 Angus heifers (5 replicates per treatment)...

Foodstuffs are a well-documented source of multidrug-resistant bacteria, and hospitalized patients are usually susceptible to hospital infections owing to their immune status. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the presence of beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in ready-to-eat foods consumed by hospitalized patients. For this purpose, 51 vegetable and meat samples were collected over 2 months and analyzed. Enterobacterales isolates were identified and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, followed by beta-lactamase gene screening, pH tolerance assays, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS)...