keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497908/overexpressing-paggs1-2-maintains-carbon-and-nitrogen-balance-under-high-ammonium-conditions-and-shows-increased-tolerance-to-ammonium-toxicity-in-84k-poplar
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xue Leng, Hanzeng Wang, Lina Cao, Ruihui Chang, Shuang Zhang, Caifeng Xu, Jiajie Yu, Xiuyue Xu, Chunpu Qu, Zhiru Xu, Guanjun Liu
In plants, the glutamine synthetase - glutamic acid synthetase (GS/GOGAT) cycle plays important roles in nitrogen metabolism, growth, development, and stress resistance. Excess ammonium (NH4+) restricts plant growth, but GS can help to alleviate NH4+ toxicity. In this study, 84K poplar (Populus alba × P. glandulosa) showed reduced biomass accumulation and leaf chlorosis under high-NH4+ stress. These symptoms were less severe in lines overexpressing the gene encoding glutamine synthetase (PagGS1;2-OE), and more severe in lines with inhibition of PagGS1;2 expression (PagGS1;2-RNAi)...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Experimental Botany
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494222/porous-corn-starch-granules-as-effective-host-matrices-for-encapsulation-and-sustained-release-of-curcumin-and-resveratrol
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maryam Wahab, Srinivas Janaswamy
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a carbohydrate-rich diet-regulated ailment with carbohydrates digested and absorbed rapidly. Hence, modulating carbohydrate digestion is warranted; to this end, polyphenols from plant sources are handy. However, polyphenols' instability and low bioavailability limit their wholesome use, and thus, encapsulating them into an inexpensive and suitable wall material would be the best strategy. Herein, the potential of porous starch granules is demonstrated. Curcumin and resveratrol were chosen as the test polyphenols due to their proven health benefits, and porous corn starch granules were chosen as the wall material...
June 1, 2024: Carbohydrate Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492296/investigation-of-the-role-of-sodium-chloride-on-wheat-starch-multi-structure-physicochemical-and-digestibility-properties-during-x-ray-irradiation
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haiyu Luo, Danyang Liang, Qing Liu, Yue Zheng, Huishan Shen, Wenhao Li
In this paper, different NaCl content was added to wheat starch and then subjected to X-ray irradiation to investigate the effect of salt on starch modification by irradiation. The results showed that the degradation of wheat starch intensified with the increase in irradiation dose. When irradiated at the same dose, wheat starch with sodium chloride produced shorter chains, lower molecular weight and amylose content, and higher crystallinity, solubility, and resistant starch than wheat starch without sodium chloride...
March 13, 2024: Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491136/pharmacokinetics-tissue-distribution-bioavailability-and-excretion-of-the-anti-virulence-drug-fluorothiazinon-in-rats-and-rabbits
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark V Savitskii, Natalia E Moskaleva, Alex Brito, Pavel A Markin, Nailya A Zigangirova, Anna V Soloveva, Anna B Sheremet, Natalia E Bondareva, Nadezhda L Lubenec, Franco Tagliaro, Vadim V Tarasov, Kristina A Tatzhikova, Svetlana A Appolonova
Growing antimicrobial resistance has accelerated the development of anti-virulence drugs to suppress bacterial toxicity without affecting cell viability. Fluorothiazinon (FT), an anti-virulence, type three secretion system and flagella motility inhibitor which has shown promise to suppress drug-resistant pathogens having the potential to enhance the efficacy of commonly prescribed antibiotics when used in combination. In this study we characterized the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, bioavailability and excretion of FT in rats and rabbits...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484806/two-stage-hydrothermal-oxygenation-for-efficient-removal-of-cr-vi-by-starch-based-polyporous-carbon-wastewater-application-and-removal-mechanism
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongxu Liang, Haiyang Wu, Wendi Fang, Kaiyue Ma, Xinkun Zhao, Zengchao Geng, Diao She, Hongxiang Hu
Cr(VI) is of concern because of its high mobility and toxicity. In this work, a two-stage hydrothermal strategy was used to activate the O sites of starch, and by inserting K-ion into the pores, starch-based polyporous carbon (S-PC) adsorption sites was synthesized for removal of Cr(VI). Physicochemical characterization revealed that the O content of the S-PC reached 20.66 % after activation, indicating that S-PC has excellent potential for adsorption of Cr(VI). The S-PC removal rate for 100 mg/L Cr(VI) was 96...
March 12, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481144/transcriptome-analysis-reveals-regulatory-mechanisms-of-different-drought-tolerant-gleditsia-sinensis-seedlings-under-drought-stress
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fuhua Liu, Yang Zhao, Xiurong Wang, Biao Wang, Feng Xiao, Kequan He
BACKGROUND: Gleditsia sinensis is a significant tree species from both ecological and economic perspectives. However, its growth is hampered by temporary droughts during the seedling stage, thereby impeding the development of the G. sinensis industry. Drought stress and rehydration of semi-annual potted seedlings using an artificial simulated water control method. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses were conducted on leaves collected from highly resistant (HR) and highly susceptible (HS) seedling families at five different stages during the process of drought stress and rehydration to investigate their gene expression patterns...
March 13, 2024: BMC genomic data
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479661/butyryl-group-distribution-modulates-the-structure-and-properties-of-butyrylated-maize-starch-focused-on-amylose-contents
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Chen, Xin Li, David Mahoudjro Bodjrenou, Yi Zhang, Hongliang Zeng
In this study, four types of maize starch with different amylose contents (3 %, 25 %, 40 %, and 70 %) were used to prepare butyrylated starches. Based on amylose contents, the influence of butyryl group distribution on the structure, thermal and digestive properties of butyrylated maize starch was investigated. The butyrylation reaction mainly substituted butyryl groups on amylose, and the butyryl groups were most easily substituted for the hydroxyl group at the C6 position. The degree of substitution of butyrylated starch reached its maximum when the amylose content was 40 %, and the degree of substitution did not correlate linearly with the amylose content...
March 11, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475281/functionalization-methods-of-starch-and-its-derivatives-from-old-limitations-to-new-possibilities
#28
REVIEW
Arkadiusz Zarski, Kamila Kapusniak, Sylwia Ptak, Magdalena Rudlicka, Sergiu Coseri, Janusz Kapusniak
It has long been known that starch as a raw material is of strategic importance for meeting primarily the nutritional needs of people around the world. Year by year, the demand not only for traditional but also for functional food based on starch and its derivatives is growing. Problems with the availability of petrochemical raw materials, as well as environmental problems with the recycling of post-production waste, make non-food industries also increasingly interested in this biopolymer. Its supporters will point out countless advantages such as wide availability, renewability, and biodegradability...
February 21, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473541/influence-of-a-biofiller-polylactide-on-the-general-characteristics-of-epoxy-based-materials
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angelika Plota-Pietrzak, Leszek Czechowski, Anna Masek
The aim of this work was to obtain epoxy-based composite structures with good mechanical performance, high aging resistance, and an improved degradability profile. For this purpose, powdered polylactide in the amount of 5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 phr was introduced into the epoxy resin, and the composites were fabricated by a simple method, which is similar to that used on an industrial scale in the fabrication of these products. The first analysis concerned the study of the effect of PLA addition to epoxy resin-based composites on their mechanical properties...
February 26, 2024: Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473212/lynch-syndrome-from-multidisciplinary-management-to-precision-prevention
#30
REVIEW
Arianna Dal Buono, Alberto Puccini, Gianluca Franchellucci, Marco Airoldi, Michela Bartolini, Paolo Bianchi, Armando Santoro, Alessandro Repici, Cesare Hassan
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Lynch syndrome (LS) is currently one of the most prevalent hereditary cancer conditions, accounting for 3% of all colorectal cancers and for up to 15% of those with DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency, and it was one of the first historically identified. The understanding of the molecular carcinogenesis of LS tumors has progressed significantly in recent years. We aim to review the most recent advances in LS research and explore genotype-based approaches in surveillance, personalized cancer prevention, and treatment strategies...
February 20, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468634/flow-field-flow-fractionation-coupled-with-multidetector-a-robust-approach-for-the-separation-and-characterization-of-resistant-starch
#31
REVIEW
Mu Wang, Wenhui Zhang, Liu Yang, Yueqiu Li, Hailiang Zheng, Haiyang Dou
The unique properties of resistant starch (RS) have made it applicable in the formulation of a broad range of functional foods. The physicochemical properties of RS play a crucial role in its applications. Recently, flow field-flow fractionation (FlFFF) has attracted increasing interest in the separation and characterization of different categories of RS. In this review, an overview of the theory behind FlFFF is introduced, and the controllable factors, including FlFFF channel design, sample separation conditions, and the choice of detector, are discussed in detail...
June 30, 2024: Food chemistry: X
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462096/fabrication-and-characterization-of-dual-functional-porous-starch-with-both-emulsification-and-antioxidant-properties
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruixi Chen, Yunxiang Ma, Zidi Chen, Zhipeng Wang, Jinfeng Chen, Yue Wang, Shenggui Zhang
Starchy materials with good antioxidant, emulsification and adsorption properties have potential applications in industry. To improve these properties, a Dual-functional porous starch was prepared through one-pot synthesis. In this case, octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) and syringic acid (SA) were selected to modify the porous starch (PS) by esterification, with subsequent signals recorded by 1 H NMR at 1.2 ppm and FT-IR at 1743 cm-1 , indicating the formation of Dual-functional porous starch grafted by OSA and SA...
March 8, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460875/exploring-the-impact-of-high-energy-diets-on-cattle-insights-into-subacute-rumen-acidosis-insulin-resistance-and-hoof-health
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rodrigo L A Palhano, Ronaldo A Martins, Guilherme S Lemos, Rafael R Faleiros, Leandro A da Fonseca, Leonardo L Gorza, Carlos E B Lopes, Rodrigo M Meneses, Antônio U de Carvalho, Elias J F Filho, Tiago F Moreira
Cattle lameness remains a significant concern, causing economic losses and compromising animal welfare. Claw horn lesions have been identified as a major cause of lameness in dairy cows but its correlation with high-energy diet and ruminal acidosis remains unclear. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to assess the effects of a high starch and a conventional diet on the rumen environment, acute phase proteins, and metabolic alterations, with a particular focus on insulin resistance and the consequent implications for the histology of the hooves in Holstein steers...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Dairy Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460647/a-preparation-of-debranched-waxy-maize-starch-derivatives-effect-of-drying-temperatures-on-crystallization-and-digestibility
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ai-Jun Xie, Mo-Han Li, Zhi-Wei Li, Xi-Qing Yue
The impact of recrystallization conditions and drying temperatures on the crystallization and digestibility of native waxy maize (Zea mays L.) starch (NWMS) was explored. This study involved subjecting NWMS to concurrent debranching and crystallization at 50 °C for up to 7 days. Samples were collected by oven-drying at 40, 60, and 80 °C for 24 h. This simultaneous debranching and crystallization process increased the resistant starch (RS) content by approximately 48 % compared to the native starch...
March 7, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460625/large-flour-aggregates-containing-ordered-b%C3%A2-%C3%A2-v-starch-crystals-significantly-improved-the-digestion-resistance-of-starch-in-pretreated-multigrain-flour
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qianying Ma, Xiaolong Wang, Rudi Appels, Di Zhang, Xinyu Zhang, Liang Zou, Xinzhong Hu
The starch digestibility of flour is influenced by both physicochemical treatment and flour particle size, but the interactive effect of these two factors is still unclear. In this study, the effect of pullulanase debranching, combined with heat-moisture treatment (P-HMT), on starch digestibility of multi-grain flours (including oat, buckwheat and wheat) differing in particle size was investigated. The results showed that the larger-size flour always resulted in a higher resistant starch (RS) content either in natural or treated multi-grain flour (NMF or PHF)...
March 7, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458285/physicochemical-and-digestive-properties-of-corn-starch-nanoparticles-incorporated-different-polyphenols
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zeyi Liu, Yueying Zhao, Jian Zheng, Zuozhao Wang, Xiaoxia Yan, Tiehua Zhang
The corn starch nanoparticles were prepared by incorporating three kinds of polyphenols, including quercetin, proanthocyanidins and tannin acid. The physicochemical and digestive properties of corn starch nanoparticles were researched. The quercetin showed a higher complexation index than proanthocyanidins and tannin acid when they complexed with corn starch. The mean size of corn starch quercetin, proanthocyanidins and tannin acid were 168.5 nm, 179.1 nm and 188.6 nm, respectively. XRD results indicated that all the corn starch-polyphenols complex showed V-type crystalline structure, the crystallinity of corn starch-quercetin complex was 19...
March 6, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458281/structure-properties-of-canna-edulis-rs3-double-enzyme-hydrolysis-and-rs4-os-starch-and-cross-linked-starch-influence-on-fermentation-products-and-human-gut-microbiota
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nan Wang, Chi Zhang, Houxier Li, Jiahui Wu, Dachuan Zhang, Yan Li, Li Yang, Nan Zhang, Xueyong Wang
This study investigated the in vitro fermentation characteristics of different structural types of Canna edulis resistant starch (RS). RS3 was prepared through a double enzyme hydrolysis method, and RS4 (OS-starch and cross-linked starch) was prepared using octenyl succinic anhydride and sodium trimetaphosphate/sodium tripolyphosphate, respectively. The RS3 and RS4 samples were structurally analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction analysis...
March 6, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453112/modulation-of-starch-structure-swallowability-and-digestibility-of-3d-printed-diabetic-friendly-food-for-the-elderly-by-dry-heating
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinjin Huang, Min Zhang, Arun S Mujumdar, Chunli Li
Elderly people often experience difficulty in swallowing and have impaired regulation of the nervous system. Furthermore, their blood glucose level can rise easily after eating. Therefore, functional foods that are easy to swallow and can maintain blood glucose at a lower level have been an important research topic in recent years. In this study, 3D printing was combined with dry heating to modify the starch in white quinoa and brown rice to develop whole grain foods with Osmanthus flavor that meet the dietary habits of the elderly...
March 5, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450746/unveiling-the-mechanism-of-source-sink-rebalancing-in-cucumber-pumpkin-heterografts-the-buffering-roles-of-rootstock-cotyledon
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dan Pu, Zheng-Yang Wen, Jing-Bo Sun, Meng-Xia Zhang, Feng Zhang, Chun-Juan Dong
Grafting onto pumpkin rootstock is widely applied in cucumber production to improve growth and yield, as well as to overcome soil-borne diseases and enhance resistance to abiotic stresses. In this study, we constructed the cucumber-pumpkin heterografts with the one-cotyledon grafting method, and examined the effects of heterografting on biomass allocation and sugar partitioning, with cucumber and pumpkin self-grafts used as control. Compared with cucumber self-grafts, heterografting onto pumpkin rootstock promoted photosynthesis in cucumber scion, and led to higher sucrose contents in the 1st true leaf (source) and newly emerged leaf (sink)...
2024: Physiologia Plantarum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442835/preparation-of-type-3-rice-resistant-starch-using-high-pressure-homogenous-coenzyme-treatment-and-investigating-its-potential-therapeutic-effects-on-blood-glucose-and-intestinal-flora-in-db-db-mice
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haoming Wu, Man Wang, Xiaolong Ren, Zhipeng Li, Lianzhong Ai, Fan Xie, Zhenliang Sun
Resistant starch from rice was prepared using high-pressure homogenization and branched chain amylase treatment. The yield, starch external structure, thermal properties, and crystal structure of rice-resistant starch prepared in different ways were investigated. The results showed that the optimum homogenizing pressure was 90 MPa, the optimum digestion time was 4 h, the optimum concentration of branched-chain amylase was 50 U/g and the yield of resistant starch was 38.58 %. Scanning electron microscopy results showed a rougher surface and more complete debranching of the homogenized coenzyme rice-resistant starch granules...
March 3, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
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