GIT bleeding

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BACKGROUND: Approximately 10-15% of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with overlapping features of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are termed as inflammatory bowel disease unclassified (IBDU). This study aimed to describe the clinical features of IBDU and evaluate the potential associated factors of reclassification. METHODS: The clinical data of 37 IBDU patients were retrospectively analyzed from November 2012 to November 2020. 74 UC and 74 CD patients were randomly selected and age- and sex-matched with the 37 IBDU patients...

Lipomas are benign tumors that can affect the digestive tract, everywhere from the hypopharynx to the rectum. Lipomas affecting the large intestine are the second most common benign tumor, after colon adenoma. We present the case of a 46-year-old patient who was initially hospitalized in the Gastroenterology Clinic with a diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding. The colonoscopy raised the suspicion of a malignant tumor of the transverse colon, but the computed tomography scan showed the existence of a lipoma that measured 16/11/12 cm that occupied the ascending and transverse colon, though the CT examination could not determinate the origin of the lipoma...

INTRODUCTION: Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH), originally described by Pierre Masson in 1923, is a benign vascular lesion characterised by the reactive proliferation of endothelial cells. This tumour typically manifests on the fingers, head, neck, or trunk. However, involvement of other organ systems, including abdominal organs, is possible although exceedingly rare. CASE PRESENTATION: A 57-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with a 24-h history of recurrent light-headedness...

A 69-year-old male, three years post-endovascular exclusion for an abdominal aortic aneurysm, presented with asthenia and fever. An abdominal CT scan showed no gastrointestinal tract communications, abscess, or contrast extravasation. Tc-99m-HMPAO-labeled leukocytes scintigraphy with SPECT/CT revealed increased uptake on the posterior surface of the aortic graft, along with air bubbles in its right iliac limb. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed, revealing a duodenal ulcer in the transition between the second and third portions...

Severe thrombocytopenia induced by anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication. Severe thrombocytopenia is a known adverse effect of ATT, but its association with fatal hemoptysis is rare. Hematemesis and hemoptysis are two serious symptoms that indicate bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal and the lower respiratory tract, respectively. We report a rare case of a 65-year-old man, a diagnosed case of tuberculosis on ATT, who presented with massive hemoptysis. On navigating the bleed, the source was found to be a vocal cord bleed, which further led to massive clot formation in the left bronchus, leading to the collapse of the subsequent lung, leading to mortality...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: : The effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract is uncertain, with potential to worsen damage. This study aimed to find the best method for protecting the entire GI tract from mucosal damage. METHODS: : A retrospective cohort study at Samsung Medical Center (2002-2019) included 195,817 patients prescribed GI mucosa-damaging agents. The primary goal was to assess the effectiveness of GI protective agents in preventing significant hemoglobin drops (>2 g/dL), indicating overall GI mucosal damage...

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an uncommon cause of upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeds. Due to the high vascularity of the region, transient bacteremia due to manipulation of the GI tract can very rarely cause the translocation of bacteria. We present a rare case in which endoscopic manipulation to treat GAVE led to native valve infective endocarditis (IE). Our patient had a prior history of GAVE and presented with worsening dizziness and shortness of breath (SOB). After an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and subsequent argon plasma coagulation (APC) for active preantral bleeding, the patient was noted to have repeated fevers, a new cardiac murmur, and positive blood cultures for  Staphylococcus epidermidis , leading to a diagnosis of native infective endocarditis...

BACKGROUND: Gastric stromal tumors, originating from mesenchymal tissues, are one of the most common tumors of the digestive tract. For stromal tumors originating from the muscularis propria, compared with conventional endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) can remove deep lesions and digestive tract wall tumors completely. However, this technique has major limitations such as perforation, postoperative bleeding, and post-polypectomy syndrome...

Gastrointestinal amyloidosis is a rare condition commonly found in the setting of systemic AL amyloidosis. Amyloid can deposit throughout the gastrointestinal tract and the resulting symptoms vary depending on the site of deposition. Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations can range from weight loss or abdominal pain, to more serious complications like gastrointestinal bleeding, malabsorption, dysmotility, and obstruction. This case describes a patient with known history of IgG lambda AL amyloidosis, presenting with epigastric pain and unintentional weight loss found to have gastroduodenal amyloidosis...

BACKGROUND: Calcifying fibrous tumors (CFTs) are rare mesenchymal lesions that can occur in various sites throughout the body, including the tubular gastrointestinal (GI) tract. AIM: To analyze the clinical findings of 36 patients with GI tract CFTs to provide guidance for diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: This retrospective study included 36 patients diagnosed with CFTs of the GI tract. We collected demographic and clinical information and conducted regular follow-ups to assess for local recurrence...

Introduction Lower gastrointestinal bleeds (LGIB) are defined by having a bleeding point in the gastrointestinal tract beyond the ligament of Treitz. The most common causes include diverticular bleeds, tumours, and colitis. There are no National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines regarding safe discharge of patients with LGIB. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of the Oakland score, as suggested by the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines, in patients presenting with LGIB at William Harvey Hospital...

BACKGROUND: Gastric remnant bleeding is a special case of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with certain specific disease characteristics, and some matters of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for hemostasis need attention. In this study, we aimed to explore the clinical use of TAE in patients with nonvariceal gastric remnant bleeding and identify the factors influencing the clinical efficacy of these interventions. METHODS: Data were retrospectively analyzed from 42 patients for whom angiography and embolization were performed but could not be treated endoscopically or had failed endoscopic management in our department between January 2018 and January 2023 due to nonvariceal gastric remnant bleeding...

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are rare gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies, but the most prevalent mesenchymal tumours of the GI tract arise from the interstitial cells of Cajal. They account for 1-3% of all GI malignancies, and only 3-5% of all cases of GIST are located at the duodenal. We present a case of a young adult who presented to the ED with symptoms of GI bleeding.

Schönlein-Henoch disease is a small vessel vasculitis resulting from IgA-mediated inflammation. It is the most common acute systemic vasculitis in childhood, mainly affecting the skin, gastrointestinal tract, joints, and kidneys. Although the prognosis of Schönlein-Henoch is generally good, gastrointestinal tract involvement is a potential complication, presenting as massive gastrointestinal bleeding, bowel infarction, perforation, as well as intussusception and peritonitis.

Objectives: Dengue Fever (DF) is an arboviral disease caused by the Dengue virus (DENV). This study aims to assess the association of dengue prevalence with patients' residential areas and hematological laboratory findings (Total platelet count, immunoglobulins, and dengue antigens) during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Emergency department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi from October to December 2021. All the patients irrespective of their ages presenting to the ED with either of the following complaints: fever; GIT problems; vomiting; body ache; bleeding were included in our study...

Stroke is an infarction of the central nervous system (brain, spinal cord, or retina) that results from a disruption in cerebral blood flow either due to ischemia or hemorrhage. Complications of acute stroke are common and include pneumonia, urinary tract infection, myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism, among several others, all of which increase the risk of poor clinical outcomes. Gastrointestinal bleeding is a well-known complication that can occur during the acute phase of stroke...

Background and study aims Endoscopic hemostasis is a life-saving procedure for gastrointestinal bleeding; however, training for it is often performed on real patients and during urgent situations that put patients at risk. Reports of simulation-based training models for endoscopic hemostasis are scarce. Herein, we developed a novel simulator called "Medical Rising STAR-Ulcer type" to practice endoscopic hemostasis with hemoclips and coagulation graspers. This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of the clinical difficulty of this model and the effectiveness of simulation-based training for clipping hemostasis...

Appendicular mucinous neoplasms, constituting less than 1% of gastrointestinal tract neoplasms, are heterogeneous entities. They may be asymptomatic, discovered incidentally, or present as large tumors due to mucin accumulation. The lack of standardized treatment complicates management. Imaging studies, particularly CT scans, are crucial for diagnosis and follow-up. This case report presents two clinical cases of women in their sixth and seventh decades of life with a history of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, mild anemia in laboratory studies, and incomplete colonoscopies...

Approximately 5% of all gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding originates from the small bowel. Endoscopic therapy of small bowel bleeding should only be undertaken after consideration of the different options, and the risks, benefits, and alternatives of each option. Endoscopic therapy options for small bowel bleeding are like those treatments used for other forms of bleeding in the upper and lower GI tract. Available endoscopic treatment options include thermal therapy (eg, argon plasma coagulation and bipolar cautery), mechanical therapy (eg, hemoclips), and medical therapy (eg, diluted epinephrine injection)...