Ctx m hybrid

Both ceftiofur (CTO) and high copper are widely utilized in animal production in China, and the occurrence of CTX-M-carrying Escherichia coli in food-producing animals is increasing. There are some specific associations between in-feed high-level copper and antibiotic resistance, but research in Gram-negative bacteria such as E. coli remains scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of high-copper diet on the horizontal transfer of bla CTX-M-1 among E. coli . A total of 32 male SPF rats aged 21 days were randomly assigned to the following four groups: control (6 mg/kg in-feed copper, C- ), high copper (240 mg/kg in-feed copper, H- ), CTO (6 mg/kg in-feed copper with oral CTO administration, C+ ), and high copper plus CTO (240 mg/kg in-feed copper with oral CTO administration, H+ )...

In this study, the SnO2 /Nb2 CTx MXene nanocomposite containing 0D/2D interfaces was prepared by situ growth strategy of one-step hydrothermal method. A SnO2 /Nb2 CTx MXene based acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensor was constructed for pesticide detection. Highly conductive Nb2 CTx MXene, acting as substrate material, restrained the agglomeration of nanoparticles (NPs) and accelerated electron migration due to the confinement effect and well-known accordion-like layered structure. In addition, SnO2 anchored on both sides of the Nb2 CTx MXene nanosheets effectively provided a large surface area, abundant surface groups and active sites, which preserved numbers of electrons at the interface of the heterojunction...

BACKGROUND: Klebsiella pneumoniae, a member of the ESKAPE group of bacterial pathogens, has developed multi-antimicrobial resistance (AMR), including resistance to carbapenems, which has increased alarmingly due to the acquisition of carbapenemase genes located on specific plasmids. METHODS: Four clinical K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from four patients of a neuro-intensive care unit in Moscow, Russia, during the point prevalence survey. The AMR phenotype was estimated using the Vitec-2 instrument, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) was done using Illumina and Nanopore technologies...

For antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance, it is important not only to detect AMR genes, but also to determine their plasmidic or chromosomal location, as this will impact their spread differently. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is increasingly used for AMR surveillance. However, determining the genetic context of AMR genes using only short-read sequencing is complicated. The combination with long-read sequencing offers a potential solution, as it allows hybrid assemblies. Nevertheless, its use in surveillance has so far been limited...

Bacteremia caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing Enterobacterales has increased rapidly and is mainly attributed to CTX-M enzymes. This study aimed to evaluate the NG-Test® CTX-M MULTI lateral flow assay (CTX-M LFA) for rapid detection of CTX-M producers in blood cultures (BCs) positive for Gram-negative bacilli in spiked and clinical BCs. Retrospective testing was performed on BC bottles spiked with a collection of well-characterized Enterobacterales isolates producing CTX-M ( n = 15) and CTX-M-like ( n = 27) β-lactamases...

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is a powerful tool to analyze bacterial genomes rapidly, and can be useful to study and detect AMR genes. We carried out WGS on a group of Escherichia coli ( n = 30), sampled from healthy animals and farm environment in four pigsties in northern Italy. Two × 250bp paired end sequencing strategy on Illumina MiSeq™ was used. We performed in silico characterization of E. coli isolates through the web tools provided by the Center for Genomic Epidemiology (cge.cbs.dtu.dk/services/) to study AMR and virulence genes...

In recent decades, an emerging concern of widespread antimicrobial resistance has been raised due to the existence of pharmaceutical samples such as antibiotics in an aqueous medium. Herein, antibiotic ceftriaxone (CTX) removal from hospital wastewater employing a hybrid process of electrocoagulation (EC) and adsorption (AD) was investigated. The response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to study the influences of main operating variables, including initial CTX concentration, pH, current density, reaction time, and chitosan dosage, on the removal efficiency of the treatment process...

The aim of our study was to delineate an outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by Shigella flexneri and affecting sixteen persons between May and June 2014 in Bilbao, Spain. All patients exhibited symptoms after consuming kebab in the same kebab shop.The outbreak is described through the clinical cases, the microbiological and molecular genetic diagnosis, and the epidemiologic investigation. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for ampicillin, amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid, third and fourth generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, co-trimoxazole, colistin and tigecycline were measured...

Aztreonam-avibactam is a promising combination to treat carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales including coverage for metallo-β-lactamases. Escherichia coli strains resistant to aztreonam-avibactam have emerged but resistance mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We performed a study to investigate the mechanism for aztreonam-avibactam in a carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli clinical strain. This strain was resistant to aztreonam-avibactam (aztreonam MIC, 16 mg/L in the presence of 4 mg/L avibactam)...

Between April 2018 and August 2019, a total of 135 strains of Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) were randomly collected at the University Hospital Center of Guadeloupe to investigate the structure and diversity of the local bacterial population. These nosocomial isolates were initially identified genetically by the hsp60 typing method, which revealed the clinical relevance of E. xiangfangensis ( n = 69). Overall, 57/94 of the third cephalosporin-resistant strains were characterized as extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) producers, and their whole-genome was sequenced using Illumina technology to determine the clonal relatedness and diffusion of resistance genes...

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Proteus , especially those strains producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases, represents a major public health concern. In the present work, we characterized 27 MDR Proteus clinical isolates, including 23 Proteus mirabilis , three Proteus terrae , and one Proteus faecis , by whole-genome analysis. Among the 27 isolates analyzed, SXT/R391 ICEs were detected in 14 strains, and the complete sequences of nine ICEs were obtained. These ICEs share a common backbone structure but also have different gene contents in hotspots and variable regions...

Rapid identification of pathogens is critical in bloodstream infections. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of the GenMark Dx ePlex blood culture identification (BCID) panels and the adoption of the ePlex system into the clinical laboratory workflow. Nonduplicate remnant specimens of positive blood cultures were prospectively tested using ePlex panels between January and March 2020. A total of 313 unique positive blood culture specimens were tested. The identified organisms consisted of 98 Gram-negative rods (GNR), 90 Gram-positive cocci (GPC) in clusters, 62 GPC in chains, 21 Gram-positive rods, and 20 yeasts; 22 organisms were off panel...

BACKGROUND: Core-genome single-nucleotide variant (cgSNV) analysis represents a powerful tool for epidemiological investigations of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. However, cgSNV thresholds to confirm whether isolates are the same clone are not formally defined. METHODS: We implemented hybrid whole-genome sequencing to study the genomic changes of 4 MDR isolates belonging to hyperepidemic sequence types (STs) during 20 propagation steps (T20) on MacConkey and CHROMID ESBL plates...

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC), particularly high-risk lineages, are responsible for severe infections, increased mortality, and hospital costs worldwide with a major burden in low-income countries. In this study, we determined antimicrobial susceptibility and performed whole genome sequencing of E. coli isolates obtained from extraintestinal infections of patients during 2017-2018 at the Maputo Central Hospital in Mozambique. Multi-drug resistance was displayed by 71% of isolates (17/24)...

Recently, Egypt has witnessed the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae, which has posed a serious healthcare challenge. The accelerated dissemination of bla CTX-M genes among these MDR K. pneumoniae , particularly bla CTX-M-14 and bla CTX-M-15 , have been noted. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of bla CTX-M-IV among K. pneumoniae recovered from the laboratory of a major hospital in Alexandria. The 23 tested isolates showed an MDR phenotype and the bla CTX-M-IV gene was detected in ≈22% of the isolates...

The spread of NDM-5-producing Escherichia coli has become a severe challenge in clinical therapy, which necessitates reliable detection and surveillance methods. However, limited information is available regarding the prevalence and dissemination of the bla NDM-5 gene in E. coli in China. Therefore, we investigated the dissemination of the bla NDM-5 gene in carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolates from different regions. A total of 1,180 carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae strains were obtained from patients admitted to the 20 sentinel hospitals in 8 cities...

OBJECTIVES: Escherichia coli sequence type 167 (ST167) is an international multiresistant high-risk clone associated with New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM) carbapenemase. Here, we report the whole genome sequence of an ST167 clinical isolate (EC16), obtained from a patient with abdominal infection in China, coharbouring the blaNDM-5 , blaCTX-M-55 , fosA3, aac(3)-IV, and qnrS1 genes. METHODS: E. coli strain EC16 was subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by the broth microdilution method...

INTRODUCTION: The emergence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli clones are a public health concern worldwide. Scarce information does exist about the spread of ESBLs-producing E. coli in pediatric patients from developing countries. METHODOLOGY: E. coli strains were analyzed by multilocus-sequence-typing, pulsed-field-gel-electrophoresis and phylogenetic group. The antimicrobial-resistance genes were detected by PCR, and plasmid content by the PCR-based replicon-typing...

A multi-drug resistant, CTX-M-65 producing Salmonella Infantis was identified from a patient in Brazil. Whole genome sequencing followed by hybrid assembly (short and long reads) indicated the presence of blaCTX-M-65 in a pESI-like megaplasmid in this ST32 isolate and phylogenetic analysis showed high similarity with IncFIB S. Infantis isolates from food and poultry in the USA.

There are knowledge gaps concerning dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Escherichia coli and their plasmids in broiler production and the persistence of strains on broiler farms. Thus, we aimed at characterising ESC-resistant Escherichia coli collected from all flocks reared on 10 different farms during a six-months sampling period. All isolates ( n  = 43) were subjected to whole-genome sequencing, and a subset of isolates ( n  = 7) were also sequenced using oxford nanopore technology and subsequent hybrid assembly in order to do in-depth characterisation of the ESC resistance plasmids...