Kidney transplant candidate

Morbid obesity is a barrier to KT due to inferior outcomes, including higher rates of new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT), delayed graft function (DGF), and graft failure. LSG increases transplant eligibility by reducing body mass index (BMI) in KT candidates, but the effect of surgical weight loss on post-transplant outcomes is unknown. Reviewing single-center medical records, we identified all patients who underwent LSG prior to KT from 2011-2016 (n=20). Post-LSG kidney recipients were compared with similar-BMI recipients who did not undergo LSG, using 2:1 direct matching for patient factors...

Limited data exists regarding the evaluation and selection of older candidates for transplantation. To help guide the development of program protocols and help define research questions in this area, we surveyed US transplant centers regarding their current practices in the evaluation of older kidney transplant candidates. We emailed a 28-question survey to the medical and surgical directors of 190 adult kidney transplant programs in the US. We received usable responses from 59 programs, a 31.1% response rate...

Calculated panel reactive antibody (cPRA) represents possibility of encountering an incompatible donor for organ transplant candidates, and has gradually replaced traditional PRA as a measurement of sensitization level. We tested two cPRA calculation methods on a cohort of renal candidate (n=613). HLA typing of 563 Chinese deceased renal donors were used to estimate allele and haplotype frequencies of Hong Kong donor pool. The OPTN formula was adopted to generate cPRA (cPRA(freq)). We also incorporated a computer script to compare unacceptable antigens of patients against HLA phenotype of donors...

We examined a novel database wherein national US transplant registry identifiers were linked to records from a large pharmaceutical claims warehouse (2008-2015) to characterize antidepressant use before and after kidney transplantation, and associations [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 95% CI] with death and graft failure. Among 72 054 recipients, 12.6% filled antidepressant medications in the year before transplant, and use was more common among women and patients who were white, unemployed, and had limited functional status...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is becoming the leading cause of disease resulting in liver transplantation (LT). As a result of this trend, more liver transplant candidates are presenting with prior history of bariatric surgery (BS). Over the last decade, 960 patients underwent LT at our institution; 11 (1.1%) had prior BS. Most common type of BS was Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n=9) with 1 sleeve gastrectomy and 1 jejunoileal bypass. Nine patients underwent LT alone and 2 underwent simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation...

BACKGROUND: Vaccine-preventable diseases, especially influenza, varicella, herpes zoster, and invasive pneumococcal infections, continue to lead to significant morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant (SOT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. METHODS: We highlight guideline recommendations for the use of key vaccines in SOT and HSCT recipients and to review the latest evidence and developments in the field. RESULTS: Physicians should vaccinate individuals with end-stage organ disease, as vaccine seroresponse rates are higher pretransplantation...

Kidney transplantation in patients with endstage renal disease (ESRD) provides far superior patient survival compared to chronic dialysis. The USRDS report from 2016 demonstrated that the average 3-year survival for patients with ESRD on hemo- or peritoneal dialysis was 56% and 67%, respectively compared to 84% and 91% 3-year survival after deceased donor (DD) and living donor (LD) kidney transplantation (KT), respectively.(1) Despite superior patient survival, rates of living donation have decreased since 2005...

The 2017 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline on the Evaluation and Care of Living Kidney Donors is intended to assist medical professionals who evaluate living kidney donor candidates and provide care before, during and after donation. The guideline development process followed the Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and guideline recommendations are based on systematic reviews of relevant studies that included critical appraisal of the quality of the evidence and the strength of recommendations...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: An increased incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been observed in patients with end-stage renal disease. However, the incidence of this pathological condition has not been studied adequately in kidney transplant candidates. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of RCC and the clinical, imaging, and pathological characteristics in this population. METHODS: At our institution, the majority of kidney transplant candidates undergo a non-contrast abdominal computerized tomography (CT) scan as a pre-transplant screening evaluation method...

AIM: There is limited available knowledge regarding health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older patients with chronic kidney disease. We aimed to describe HRQoL in renal transplant candidates 65 years or older at transplant acceptance, and during the first year on the waiting list.. METHODS: A nationwide prospective observational study in Norway was conducted. HRQoL was evaluated at baseline (wait listing) and after 6 and 12 months using the patient self-reported Kidney Disease and Quality of Life Short form version 1...

Aim Since there is no consensus about how to perform the predonation psychosocial evaluation of living kidney donor candidates, this is conducted differently in German transplant centers. Thus, the goal of the study was to learn more about how psychosocial evaluations are currently conducted in German transplant centers. Methods The psychosocial evaluators of the 38 transplant centers performing kidney transplantations in 2015 were contacted and asked to participate in an anonymous online survey. Results Psychosocial evaluators from 28 (75%) transplant centers responded...

We investigated associations of deceased donor kidney offer acceptance with likelihood of the kidney being discarded, cold ischemia time at transplant (CIT), and likelihood of the kidney being exported outside the donation service area (DSA). We used kidney offers from donors in the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients July 1, 2015-June 30, 2016, and a stratified logistic regression to estimate odds ratios of acceptance for candidates wait-listed in a DSA. We estimated associations between these ratios and likelihood of discard or export and CIT at transplant...

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Previous studies using 2-dimensional echocardiography show that left atrial end-diastolic volume (LAEDV) predicts cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients with CKD. However, contrast-enhanced cardiac CT may offers a more precise measure of atrial dimensions and function than 2-dimensional echocardiography and may provide improved predictionof patient outcome. AIM: The aim of the present study was to examine the association of LAEDV and left atrial ejection fraction (LAEF) assessed by CT with left ventricle end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular mass, left ventricular ejection fraction and N-terminal plasma-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-PRO-BNP)...

BACKGROUND: Solubility of Tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) is a novel biomarker that better stratifies risk of cardiovascular events (CVE) compared to cardiac troponin T(cTnT) in heart failure. We assessed the association of sST2 with the composite outcome of CVE and/or mortality compared to cTnT in kidney transplant candidates. METHODS: 200 kidney transplant candidates between 2010 and 2013 were included. Elevated sST2 was defined as ≥30ng/ml, cTnT≥0.01 ng/ml. RESULTS: Median age 53 (interquartile range (IQR) 42-61) years, 59...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Increasing national participation in kidney paired donation and implementation of new sharing policies via the current kidney allocation system have brought about greater opportunities for the most highly sensitized patients awaiting a kidney transplant. The purpose of this review is to discuss the application of histocompatibility data in the context of the clinical practice of kidney transplantation as pertains to the sensitized candidate. RECENT FINDINGS: With desensitization techniques, transplantation across virtually any antibody barrier is technically feasible, but long-term outcomes after transplantation are improved when the immunologic match between donor and recipient is optimized...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cardiac risk assessment, though challenging, is critical in these high-risk patients, particularly in the pre-transplant population. In this review, we discuss the burden of coronary artery disease in the ESRD population and review the literature on the diagnostic and prognostic performance, clinical value, and future directions of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in ESRD patients...

Pediatric transplant recipients commonly have deficient vaccination status at the time of transplantation. Utilizing transplant pharmacists to improve vaccination rates has not previously been described. This single-center, retrospective study evaluated the impact of transplant pharmacist interventions on the completion rate of vaccination schedules at time of kidney transplant. Patients who received pharmacist-led vaccination recommendations prior to transplant were compared to patients without pharmacist recommendations...

OBJECTIVES: Human leukocyte antigen alloimmunization is caused by exposure to HLA antigens through transfusion, pregnancy, or transplant. Our study objective was to present the rate of positivity of anti-HLA antibody considering the effects of a single sensitization event in kidney transplant candidates at our center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study reviewed 606 kidney transplant candidates. Patient sera were analyzed using Luminex xMAP technology. Panel reactive antibody positivity rates and antibody strengths in patients were analyzed according to a single sensitization event...

About 6,000 individuals participate in the U.S. transplant system as a living organ donor each year. Organ donation (most commonly a kidney or part of liver) by living individuals is a unique procedure, where healthy patients undergo a major surgical operation without any direct functional benefit to themselves. In this article, the authors explore how the ideal of informed consent guides education and evaluation for living organ donation. The authors posit that informed consent for living organ donation is a process...