keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547013/enhanced-mechanistic-understanding-through-the-detection-of-radical-intermediates-in-organic-reactions
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ivan Ocaña, Peter J H Williams, James Donald, Neil Griffin, George Hodges, Andrew R Rickard, Victor Chechik
Two applications of a radical trap based on a homolytic substitution reaction (SH2') are presented for the trapping of short-lived radical intermediates in organic reactions. The first example is a photochemical cyanomethylation catalyzed by a Ru complex. Two intermediate radicals in the radical chain propagation have been trapped and detected using mass spectrometry (MS), along with the starting materials, products and catalyst degradation fragments. Although qualitative, these results helped to elucidate the reaction mechanism...
March 27, 2024: Chimia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546999/towards-accurate-cardiac-mri-segmentation-with-variational-autoencoder-based-unsupervised-domain-adaptation
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hengfei Cui, Yan Li, Yifan Wang, Di Xu, Lian-Ming Wu, Yong Xia
Accurate myocardial segmentation is crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of myocardial infarction (MI), especially in Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images, where the infarcted myocardium exhibits a greater brightness. However, segmentation annotations for LGE images are usually not available. Although knowledge gained from CMR images of other modalities with ample annotations, such as balanced-Steady State Free Precession (bSSFP), can be transferred to the LGE images, the difference in image distribution between the two modalities (i...
March 28, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546393/hypoxia-in-tomato-solanum-lycopersicum-fruit-during-ripening-biophysical-elucidation-by-a-3d-reaction-diffusion-model
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Xiao, Pieter Verboven, Shuai Tong, Ole Pedersen, Bart Nicolaï
Respiration provides energy, substrates and precursors to support physiological changes of the fruit during climacteric ripening. A key substrate of respiration is oxygen that needs to be supplied to the fruit in a passive way by gas transfer from the environment. Oxygen gradients may develop within the fruit due to its bulky size and the dense fruit tissues, potentially creating hypoxia that may have a role in the spatial development of ripening. This study presents a three-dimensional reaction-diffusion model using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit as a test subject, combining the multiscale fruit geometry generated from magnetic resonance imaging and micro-computed tomography with varying respiration kinetics and contrasting boundary resistances obtained through independent experiments...
March 28, 2024: Plant Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546096/a-self-powered-electrochemical-aptasensor-for-the-detection-of-17%C3%AE-estradiol-based-on-carbon-nanocages-gold-nanoparticles-and-dna-bioconjugate-mediated-biofuel-cells
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yongju Wu, Dan Luo, Jinfei Yi, Rong Li, Dan Yang, Pengfei Pang, Hongbin Wang, Wenrong Yang, Yanli Zhang
17β-Estradiol (E2) is an important endogenous estrogen, which disturbs the endocrine system and poses a threat to human health because of its accumulation in the human body. Herein, a biofuel cell (BFC)-based self-powered electrochemical aptasensor was developed for E2 detection. Porous carbon nanocage/gold nanoparticle composite modified indium tin oxide (CNC/AuNP/ITO) and glucose oxidase modified CNC/AuNP/ITO were used as the biocathode and bioanode of BFCs, respectively. [Fe(CN)6 ]3- was selected as an electroactive probe, which was entrapped in the pores of positively charged magnetic Fe3 O4 nanoparticles (PMNPs) and then capped with a negatively charged E2 aptamer to form a DNA bioconjugate...
March 28, 2024: Analyst
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545616/adsorption-of-n-he-and-ne-on-cge-nanoribbons-for-sensing-and-optoelectronic-applications
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hoang Van Ngoc
Research into nanomaterials yields numerous exceptional applications in contemporary science and technology. The subject of this investigation is a one-dimensional nanostructure, six atoms wide, featuring hydrogen-functionalized edges. The theoretical foundation of this study relies on Density Functional Theory (DFT) and is executed through the utilization of the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP). The outcomes demonstrate the stability of adsorption configurations, along with the preservation of a hexagonal honeycomb lattice...
March 2024: Royal Society Open Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545051/deep-learning-based-partial-volume-correction-in-standard-and-low-dose-positron-emission-tomography-computed-tomography-imaging
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad-Saber Azimi, Alireza Kamali-Asl, Mohammad-Reza Ay, Navid Zeraatkar, Mahboubeh-Sadat Hosseini, Amirhossein Sanaat, Habibollah Dadgar, Hossein Arabi
BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging encounters the obstacle of partial volume effects, arising from its limited intrinsic resolution, giving rise to (I) considerable bias, particularly for structures comparable in size to the point spread function (PSF) of the system; and (II) blurred image edges and blending of textures along the borders. We set out to build a deep learning-based framework for predicting partial volume corrected full-dose (FD + PVC) images from either standard or low-dose (LD) PET images without requiring any anatomical data in order to provide a joint solution for partial volume correction and de-noise LD PET images...
March 15, 2024: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545036/hippocampal-amide-proton-transfer-values-are-associated-with-cerebral-small-vessel-disease-imaging-markers-and-total-burden-a-community-based-cross-sectional-study
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ronghua Mu, Xiaoyan Qin, Wei Zheng, Peng Yang, Bingqin Huang, Xin Li, Fuzhen Liu, Kan Deng, Xiqi Zhu
BACKGROUND: Neurodegeneration has been suggested to be associated with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). The association between different CSVD imaging markers and the extent of neurodegeneration could be indirectly confirmed by examining the relationship between CSVD imaging markers and the hippocampal amide proton transfer (APT) values. The associations between hippocampal APT values with CSVD imaging markers and CSVD total load need to be further validated. The aim of this study was to investigate potential variations in hippocampal APT values among individuals with CSVD imaging markers and varying degrees of CSVD total burden...
March 15, 2024: Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544587/revamping-stability-tibial-tuberosity-transfer-and-medial-patello-femoral-ligament-reconstruction-for-patella-alta-and-recurrent-dislocation
#8
Rahul Singh, Amit Saoji, Anmol Suneja, Saksham Goyal, Sachin Goel
This case report details the clinical evaluation, imaging findings, and surgical management of a 17-year-old female with a two-year history of persistent knee pain and recurrent patellar dislocations. Despite the absence of traumatic injury, the patient exhibited significant anatomical abnormalities, including a laterally dislocated patella, shallow trochlear groove, increased tibial tuberosity to trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, and patella alta by calculating Insall-Salvati ratio. The Insall-Salvati ratio is a radiographic measurement used to assess the position of the patella within the knee joint...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539543/cumulative-dosage-of-intrathecal-chemotherapy-agents-predicts-white-matter-integrity-in-long-term-survivors-of-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia-a-petale-study
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julie Laniel, Serge Sultan, Daniel Sinnett, Caroline Laverdière, Maja Krajinovic, Philippe Robaey, Luc Duong, Sarah Lippé
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) stands as the most prevalent form of pediatric cancer in North America, with a current five-year survival rate of 85%. While more children achieved ALL remission and transition into adulthood, the prevalence of long-term treatment-related effects, especially neurocognitive sequelae, remains significant. This study pursues two objectives. Firstly, it investigates if Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR), a method assessing myelin integrity, is sensitive to white matter (WM) microstructural changes in long-term ALL survivors and whether these relate to cognitive impairments...
March 19, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539237/m1-derived-extracellular-vesicles-polarize-recipient-macrophages-into-m2-like-macrophages-and-alter-skeletal-muscle-homeostasis%C3%A2-in-a-hyper-glucose-environment
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefano Tacconi, Francesco Vari, Carolina Sbarigia, Diana Vardanyan, Serena Longo, Francesco Mura, Federica Angilè, Audrey Jalabert, Ferninand Blangero, Assia Eljaafari, Laurence Canaple, Daniele Vergara, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi, Marco Rossi, Claire Crola Da Silva, Elizabeth Errazuriz-Cerda, Christel Cassin, Rienk Nieuwland, Anna Maria Giudetti, Sophie Rome, Luciana Dini
BACKGROUND: Macrophages release not only cytokines but also extracellular vesicles (EVs). which are small membrane-derived nanovesicles with virus-like properties transferring cellular material between cells. Until now, the consequences of macrophage plasticity on the release and the composition of EVs have been poorly explored. In this study, we determined the impact of high-glucose (HG) concentrations on macrophage metabolism, and characterized their derived-EV subpopulations. Finally, we determined whether HG-treated macrophage-derived EVs participate in immune responses and in metabolic alterations of skeletal muscle cells...
March 27, 2024: Cell Communication and Signaling: CCS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538937/controlling-the-helicity-of-light-by-electrical-magnetization-switching
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pambiang Abel Dainone, Nicholas Figueiredo Prestes, Pierre Renucci, Alexandre Bouché, Martina Morassi, Xavier Devaux, Markus Lindemann, Jean-Marie George, Henri Jaffrès, Aristide Lemaitre, Bo Xu, Mathieu Stoffel, Tongxin Chen, Laurent Lombez, Delphine Lagarde, Guangwei Cong, Tianyi Ma, Philippe Pigeat, Michel Vergnat, Hervé Rinnert, Xavier Marie, Xiufeng Han, Stephane Mangin, Juan-Carlos Rojas-Sánchez, Jian-Ping Wang, Matthew C Beard, Nils C Gerhardt, Igor Žutić, Yuan Lu
Controlling the intensity of emitted light and charge current is the basis of transferring and processing information1 . By contrast, robust information storage and magnetic random-access memories are implemented using the spin of the carrier and the associated magnetization in ferromagnets2 . The missing link between the respective disciplines of photonics, electronics and spintronics is to modulate the circular polarization of the emitted light, rather than its intensity, by electrically controlled magnetization...
March 2024: Nature
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538708/employing-deep-learning-and-transfer-learning-for-accurate-brain-tumor-detection
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandeep Kumar Mathivanan, Sridevi Sonaimuthu, Sankar Murugesan, Hariharan Rajadurai, Basu Dev Shivahare, Mohd Asif Shah
Artificial intelligence-powered deep learning methods are being used to diagnose brain tumors with high accuracy, owing to their ability to process large amounts of data. Magnetic resonance imaging stands as the gold standard for brain tumor diagnosis using machine vision, surpassing computed tomography, ultrasound, and X-ray imaging in its effectiveness. Despite this, brain tumor diagnosis remains a challenging endeavour due to the intricate structure of the brain. This study delves into the potential of deep transfer learning architectures to elevate the accuracy of brain tumor diagnosis...
March 27, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538695/evaluation-of-saline-and-magnetized-water-on-emitter-hydraulic-performance-and-clogging-in-drip-irrigation
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heba Abdelsalam, Harby Mostafa, Mohamed El-Ansary, Montaser Awad, Wael Sultan
The present investigation was carried out at the National Irrigation Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI), Dokki, Giza, Egypt. This study was performed to investigate the hydraulic performance and clogging ratio of drip irrigation with magnetized water. Magnetized water was created by transferring water through a permanent magnet connected to a feed pipeline. Two main treatments of magnetized and non-magnetized water, as well as three sub-treatments of irrigation water salts, including fresh water (219 ppm) and the addition of 1000 and 2000 ppm to irrigation water with three replications were applied under different operating pressure (75, 100, 125 and 150 kPa)...
March 28, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537765/pencil-imaging-a-novel-approach-for-neuromelanin-sensitive-mri-in-parkinson-s-disease
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peng Liu, Xinhui Wang, Youmin Zhang, Pei Huang, Zhijia Jin, Zenghui Cheng, Yongsheng Chen, Qiuyun Xu, Kiarash Ghassaban, Yu Liu, Shengdi Chen, Naying He, Fuhua Yan, E Mark Haacke
BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with the loss of neuromelanin (NM) and increased iron in the substantia nigra (SN). Magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) is widely used for NM visualization but has limitations in brain coverage and scan time. This study aimed to develop a new approach called Proton-density Enhanced Neuromelanin Contrast in Low flip angle gradient echo (PENCIL) imaging to visualize NM in the SN. METHODS: This study included 30 PD subjects and 50 healthy controls (HCs) scanned at 3T...
March 25, 2024: NeuroImage
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536754/multi-axis-fields-boost-sabre-hyperpolarization
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacob R Lindale, Loren L Smith, Mathew W Mammen, Shannon L Eriksson, Lucas M Everhart, Warren S Warren
The inherently low signal-to-noise ratio of NMR and MRI is now being addressed by hyperpolarization methods. For example, iridium-based catalysts that reversibly bind both parahydrogen and ligands in solution can hyperpolarize protons (SABRE) or heteronuclei (X-SABRE) on a wide variety of ligands, using a complex interplay of spin dynamics and chemical exchange processes, with common signal enhancements between 103 and 104 . This does not approach obvious theoretical limits, and further enhancement would be valuable in many applications (such as imaging mM concentration species in vivo)...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536668/spin-polarized-charge-separation-at-two-dimensional-semiconductor-molecule-interfaces
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yufeng Liu, Taketo Handa, Nicholas Olsen, Colin Nuckolls, Xiaoyang Zhu
Spin-polarized electrons can improve the efficiency and selectivity of photo- and electro-catalytic reactions, as demonstrated in the past with magnetic or magnetized catalysts. Here, we present a scheme in which spin-polarized charge separation occurs at the interfaces of nonmagnetic semiconductors and molecular films in the absence of a magnetic field. We take advantage of the spin-valley-locked band structure and valley-dependent optical selection rule in group VI transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers to generate spin-polarized electron-hole pairs...
March 27, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534539/brain-age-prediction-using-multi-hop-graph-attention-combined-with-convolutional-neural-network
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heejoo Lim, Yoonji Joo, Eunji Ha, Yumi Song, Sujung Yoon, Taehoon Shin
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been used widely to predict biological brain age based on brain magnetic resonance (MR) images. However, CNNs focus mainly on spatially local features and their aggregates and barely on the connective information between distant regions. To overcome this issue, we propose a novel multi-hop graph attention (MGA) module that exploits both the local and global connections of image features when combined with CNNs. After insertion between convolutional layers, MGA first converts the convolution-derived feature map into graph-structured data by using patch embedding and embedding-distance-based scoring...
March 8, 2024: Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534242/simple-visual-point-of-care-sars-cov-2-detection-incorporating-recombinase-polymerase-amplification-and-target-dna-protein-crosslinking-enhanced-chemiluminescence
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Chen, Zhiyuan Zhuang, Naihan Xu, Ying Feng, Kaixin Fang, Chunyan Tan, Ying Tan
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, driven by persistent SARS-CoV-2 transmission, threatens human health worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for an efficient, low-cost, rapid SARS-CoV-2 detection method. Herein, we developed a point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 detection method incorporating recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and DNA-protein crosslinking chemiluminescence (DPCL) (RPADPCL). RPADPCL involves the crosslinking of biotinylated double-stranded RPA DNA products with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled streptavidin (SA-HRP)...
March 6, 2024: Biosensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533949/realization-of-organocerium-based-fullerene-molecular-materials-showing-mott-insulator-type-behavior
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pragati Pandey, Xiaoyu Wang, Himanshu Gupta, Patrick W Smith, Ekaterina Lapsheva, Patrick J Carroll, Alexandra M Bacon, Corwin H Booth, Stefan G Minasian, Jochen Autschbach, Eva Zurek, Eric J Schelter
Electron-rich organocerium complexes (C5 Me4 H)3 Ce and [(C5 Me5 )2 Ce( ortho -oxa)], with redox potentials E 1/2 = -0.82 V and E 1/2 = -0.86 V versus Fc/Fc+ , respectively, were reacted with fullerene (C60 ) in different stoichiometries to obtain molecular materials. Structurally characterized cocrystals: [(C5 Me4 H)3 Ce]2 ·C60 ( 1 ) and [(C5 Me5 )2 Ce( ortho -oxa)]3 ·C60 ( 2 ) of C60 with cerium-based, molecular rare earth precursors are reported for the first time. The extent of charge transfer in 1 and 2 was evaluated using a series of physical measurements: FT-IR, Raman, solid-state UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements...
March 27, 2024: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533169/from-pansinusitis-to-cerebritis-due-to-eikenella-corrodens
#20
Adriana América Silva, Inês Zão, João A Louro, Eduarda Pereira, Elisabete Monteiro
Meningitis is a rare but possible complication of sinusitis. We present a case of a 21-year-old woman with a history of fever, headache and nasal obstruction who presented at the emergency department with psychomotor agitation. Orotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation were given to protect airway. Blood analysis showed leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein. Cerebral and maxillofacial computed tomography (CT) demonstrated pansinusitis with gas foci more prominent in the left frontal sinus with an area of ​​bone rarefaction on the posterior wall with possible communication with the cranial cavity...
February 2024: Curēus
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