Urology,

OBJECTIVES: To describe step-by-step the port placement and the robot docking of the new purpose-built robotic platform for R-LESS. The feasibility of different approaches to the pelvic fossa and the retroperitoneum was reported in cadaver models. METHODS: This was a preclinical study on human cadavers to assess the feasibility of the da Vinci SP1098 surgical system for R-LESS pelvic fossa and retroperitoneal urological surgeries. We used the SP1098 to perform R-LESS prostatectomies and cysto-prostatectomies with transperineal and transvesical approaches, and nephrectomies (radical or partial) with retroperitoneal approach...

BACKGROUND: Safety-net hospitals (SNHs) care for more patients of low socioeconomic status (SES) than non-SNHs and are disproportionately punished under SES-naive Medicare readmission risk-adjustment models. This study was designed to develop a risk-adjustment framework that incorporates SES and to assess the impact on readmission rates. METHODS: California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development data from 2007 to 2011 were used to identify patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer (n = 3771) or partial nephrectomy (PN; n = 5556) or radical nephrectomy (RN; n = 13,136) for kidney cancer...

Hematuria is a common sign of many renal and urologic pathologic conditions and it may affect the proteomic analysis of urinary extracellular vesicles (UEv), nanovesicles released from all cells in contact with the urinary space. This condition hinders UEv based proteomic studies aiming to discover biomarkers. Therefore, we studied the effects of hematuria on the proteome of UEv, and introduced a possible solution to reduce its misleading impact. We mimicked hematuria by adding increasing amount of blood to non-affected urine, and investigated its effects on UEv isolation, purity and proteomic composition...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most commonly diagnosed urological malignancies. However, there are limited therapies for PCa patients who develop biochemical recurrence after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of α-Viniferin (KCV), an oligostilbene of trimeric resveratrol, against human PCa cells and found that it markedly inhibited the proliferation of LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3 cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and had a strong cytotoxicity in non-androgen-dependent PCa cells...

Mounting evidence indicates that microbiome plays an important role in the development and progression of cancer. The dogma that urine in healthy individuals must be sterile has been overturned. Dysbiosis of the urinary microbiome has been revealed responsible for various urological disorders, including prostate cancer. The link between chronic inflammation, microbiome and solid tumors has been established for various neoplastic diseases. However, a detailed and comprehensive analysis of urinary microenvironment of bladder cancer has not been yet reported...

Recurrent urolithiasis is a common and potentially morbid complication of spina bifida. Although the size, the location, and the composition of these stones often necessitates percutaneous intervention, access is often complicated by body habitus and spinal deformity. There is little consensus regarding the approach to percutaneous lithotripsy when a clear path to the collecting system is unavailable, particularly in the setting of surgically augmented urological anatomy. Here we present the first known case in which a pediatric patient with spina bifida underwent percutaneous lithotripsy of bladder stones via a transpsoas approach...

Ischemic penile gangrene is an uncommon urologic condition associated with significant morbidity. Etiology of the disease is due to vasculogenic ischemia of the penile tissue. Presented are a series of images from a case of a 51-year-old morbidly obese male truck driver with idiopathic ischemic penile gangrene. The patient was evaluated with penile angiography and treated with urinary diversion via suprapubic catheter placement and serial debridement of the necrotic tissue.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Introduction: Genitourinary surgery constitutes approximately 1.15% of procedures performed for combat injuries. During forward deployment, surgeons usually deploy without urology support. To better understand the training and skills maintenance needs for genitourinary procedures by describing in detail the genitourinary surgical workload during 15 years of combat operations and compare our findings with those from previously published articles. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Department of Defense Trauma Registry (DoDTR) was performed for all Roles 2 and 3 medical treatment facilities in Iraq and Afghanistan, from January 2002 to May 2016...

Skene's (periurethral) gland adenocarcinoma is very rare, with only 7 cases reported in the literature. This is the first series of cases on this entity. We describe the histologic, immunohistochemical, and clinical findings of 4 patients with Skene's gland adenocarcinoma retrieved from the Johns Hopkins Urologic Pathology Consult Service from 1984 to 2017. The average age at diagnosis of the 4 women was 74.5 years (range, 61 to 87 y). Tumors were treated by limited resections with negative margins. Tumor size ranged from 1...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

This article pays tribute to Anatoly Pavlovich Frumkin on the 120th anniversary of his birthday. It describes his life, the creative scientific path of a prominent researcher, military urological surgeon, founder of a urological school and the first in the Soviet Union Head of the Department of Urology at the S.P. Botkin hospital, author of fundamental studies in the field of military urology, endoscopic and radiologic diagnostics in urology, the founder of the first in the Soviet Union Department of Pediatric Urology at the St...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Internal drainage of the upper urinary tract by stenting is a common urological procedure. The use of stenting in modern urological practice is on the rise due to widespread adoption of modern endourological, laparoscopic, percutaneous and high-tech robotic interventions. The presence of a stent in the patients body may cause stent-related symptoms and negatively affect the quality of life, resulting in additional outpatient visits and hospitalizations. The review provides an analysis of the causes, diagnostic evaluation, prevention and treatment of stent-related symptoms...

Endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (EEP) techniques such as HoLEP (holmium laser enucleation of the prostate), ThuLEP (thulium laser enucleation of the prostate) and electroenucleation (mono- or bipolar) are highly effective and safe. They have been endorsed by the latest version of the European Association of Urology guidelines as an alternative to not only open adenomectomy but also transurethral resection of the prostate (EAU Guidelines on Treatment of Non-neurogenic Male LUTS 2018). Therefore, many urologists face the possibility of replacing the treatments of BPH...

AIM: To investigate changes in the IPSS after a six-month treatment with Omnic Ocas and its effect on the quality of life of patients in routine urological practice in the Russian Federation in a prospective, multicenter, observational study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study comprised 7000 patients with a verified diagnosis of lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia who received Omnic Ocas (tamsulosin) administered by 700 urologists in various Russian medical institutions...

INTRODUCTION: Encrustation and biofilm formation is a clinical problem occurring with indwelling urinary drainage devices routinely used in urological practice. AIM: To investigate the impact of ureteral stent surface on encrustation and biofilm formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Polyurethane stents of two manufacturers were examined using the scanning electron microscopy and scanning probe microscopy before use and three weeks after their initial ureteral placement in patients with no evidence of a urinary tract infection and urolithiasis...

INTRODUCTION: Renal hematomas (RH) are a rare complication of retrograde endoscopic lithotripsy (REL). This study aimed to investigate the incidence and causes of RH after REL in patients with ureteral stones of different locations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2001 to 2016, 1214 REL were performed at the Urology Clinic of the Mechnikov NWSMU. The analyzes of patients who had RH after REL included the following parameters: age, gender, history of upper urinary tract (UUT) surgery and concomitant diseases (diabetes mellitus, hypertension), the baseline kidney function, the stone characteristics and the degree of hydronephrosis observed in the postoperative period, results of laboratory tests, ultrasound and spiral computed tomography (SCT) of the kidneys...

INTRODUCTION: Traditionally, evaluation of the split renal function is performed using nephroscintigraphy. However, as shown in several studies, there might be quite significant inaccuracy in the interpretation of dynamic nephroscintigraphy results. But due to the lack of alternative methods for evaluation of split renal function, nephroscintigraphy remains the method of choice. AIM: To investigate the feasibility of digital analysis of contrast-enhanced MSCT imaging for evaluation of the split renal function...

AIM: To investigate the role of structural changes of the urinary bladder extracellular matrix in the occurrence of different grades of adverse events after radiation therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The connective tissue matrix was studied using 126 images obtained from the histological sections of the bladder biopsy specimens of 12 patients classified according to the clinical presentation and the grades of late bladder toxicity according to RTOG/EORTC Late Radiation Morbidity Scoring Scheme...