Urology,

PURPOSE: To characterize demographic, disease, and cancer outcomes of men on active surveillance (AS) at a safety-net hospital and characterize those who were lost to follow-up (LTFU). METHODS: From January 2004 to November 2014, 104 men with low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) were followed with AS at Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital (ZSFG). Criteria for AS have evolved over time; however, patients with diagnostic prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 10ng/mL or less, clinical stage T1/2, biopsy Gleason score 3 + 3 or 3 + 4, 33% or fewer positive cores, and 50% or less tumor in any single core were potentially eligible for AS...

BACKGROUND: There is growing interest in the general activities of a pediatric urologist, whose specialty remains young in the spectrum of modern, organized medicine. Unplanned activities, which are more commonly referred to as consultations, can represent significant additional workload for the urologist seeing scheduled clinic patients or completing elective operative cases. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to better understand the practice patterns surrounding inpatient consultations of pediatric urology, and to describe patterns in reasons, timing, patient and service factors that may lead to patient intervention...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Pelvic exenteration (PE) is often the only curative option for locally advanced or recurrent pelvic malignancies. Despite radical surgery, recurrence risk and morbidity remain high. In this study, we sought to determine tumor size effect on perioperative outcomes and subsequent survival in patients undergoing PE. METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed for female patients who underwent PE at two comprehensive cancer centers from 2000 to 2015...

Major obstetric hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. In rare cases, life-threatening hemorrhage in pregnant women may result from abnormal adherence of placenta. Three grades of abnormal placental attachment are defined according to the depth of invasion: placenta accreta, placenta increta, and placenta percreta. An important risk factor for placenta abnormal adherence of placenta is placenta previa in the presence of a uterine scar. The increased prevalence of cesarean section, uterine surgery, and increasing parturient age and parity have led to an increased incidence of abnormal placentation, from one in 2,500 a quarter century ago, to one in 533 deliveries currently...

OBJECTIVES: To assess Urologists' ability to predict the grade and stage of new bladder cancers from the cystoscopic features alone. METHODS: We conducted a prospective clinical study on consecutive patients undergoing Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour (TURBT) for new bladder cancers. Using only cystoscopic tumour morphology at the time of initial TURBT, 3 Urology consultants predicted the grade and stage, recording this on a proforma along with tumour features...

PURPOSE: To test the effects of tumour size, tumour distribution and tumour grade on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with flexible ureteroscopy with Holmium:YAG laser photoablation (FULP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 92 consecutive UTUC patients treated with FULP (2003-2015) at a single tertiary care referral center were included. A stringent follow-up was offered according to the European Association Urological guidelines...

In 2008, the French Public Health Committee admitted that associating ultrasound probe protection, and related precautions, and low-level disinfection would be equivalent to the intermediate level disinfection. In 2010, the French Urology Association (AFU) updated guidelines regarding trans-rectal prostate biopsies, namely preventive measures related to cross-transmission of infections. We report an evaluation of compliance to them, driven in 2016 by AFU's infection committee. Although not recommended, almost one third of the urologists still perform biopsies under general anesthesia, and two thirds of them ask for a urine culture before biopsies...

BACKGROUND: Spinal anesthesia (SA) is an effective technique that has been used in children for years. With growing concern with regard to the risks of general anesthesia (GA), we developed a SA program to provide an alternative option. We present our initial experience with this program. OBJECTIVE: To implement a SA program at a large tertiary care pediatric center and assess the safety and efficacy of the technique as an alternative to GA for urologic surgery...

Mobile technology has been increasingly used in the world of medicine. We describe an application of mobile phones in the evaluation of urinary symptoms in infants, neonates, and toddlers. We believe this is a cheap, accessible and easy-to-use solution in pediatric urology for physicians and nurses around the world. In this video, we demonstrate some unique features of various anatomic and functional pediatric urology conditions, which are detectable in voiding clips taken by a cellphone camera.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Uretero-ileal strictures (UES) following urinary diversion are therapeutically challenging. We compared the efficacy, safety and renal outcome following therapeutic endo-urological techniques (EUTs) and open surgical revision of the anastomosis (SRA) for UES. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed all EUTs and SRAs performed for UES in 2 hospitals between 1987 and 2015. Restenosis was defined as recurrent radiographically diagnosed hydronephrosis and re-intervention...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Despite improvement in systemic treatment, the prognosis of men with de novo metastatic prostate cancer remains poor. Treating the local disease may not only reduce the occurrence of local urologic symptoms, but also slow the metastatic process, either by reducing the seeding from the primary tumor or by altering the microenvironment and thus minimizing the formation of new metastatic sites. RECENT FINDINGS: Retrospective and population-based studies have suggested that the addition of local treatment to systemic therapy may improve survival in this patient group...

Upper urinary tract calculi with infection is a quite difficult acute urologic emergency. And what is more, upper urinary tract obstruction after radical cystectomy following urinary diversion may be fatal in the vulnerable patients with this kind of situation. Postoperative anatomy and other factors affect the upper urinary tract calculi, and urinary tract infection greatly increased the risk. But it is particularly difficult to handle with patients with poor general condition and septic shock treatment, so how to optimize the selection program is worth further studying...

Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is a very uncommon genetic disorder that results from the resistance of androgen receptor (AR) to androgen, which influences the formation of the male genitalia and in turn presents with female phenotype. Surgical resection of undesceaded testicle and different kinds of genitoplasty are crucial methods to correct the deformity of reproductive system, as well as hormone replacement therapy, which is an essential therapy for postoperational rehabilitation in AIS patients...

OBJECTIVE: To explore risk factors including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics for the prediction of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and to build a practical model for predicting the progression to CRPC after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) so as to facilitate clinicians in decision-making for prostate cancer patients receiving ADT. METHODS: A total of 185 patients with prostate cancer who had received ADT as the primary therapy in Department of Urology of Peking University First Hospital from 2003 to 2014 were enrolled retrospectively...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical pathologic characteristics of cases with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) positive of exfoliated urothelial cells, so as to evaluate the clinical utility of FISH in the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma (UC). METHODS: A total of 271 cases of FISH positive in Department of Urology of Peking University First Hospital from Apr. 2012 to Sep. 2015 were recruited in this study. Retrospective analysis was made on their clinical data...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The standard of care for most patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is immunotherapy with intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), which activates the immune system to recognize and destroy malignant cells and has demonstrated durable clinical benefit. Urologic best-practice guidelines and consensus reports have been developed and strengthened based on data on the timing, dose, and duration of therapy from randomized clinical trials, as well as by critical evaluation of criteria for progression...