Waist hip ratio

INTRODUCTION: Childhood obesity is strongly linked to an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood, endangering the global healthcare system. No single tool for detecting MetS is suitable for all pediatric populations. This study aimed to investigate the association between obesity measures and MetS in Korean children and adolescents. METHOD AND MATERIALS: The data were obtained from 1663 children and adolescents aged 10-19 years (771 girls) who participated in the Fourth and Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys...

BACKGROUND: Age is a significant risk factor of diabetes mellitus (DM). With the develop of population aging, the incidence of DM remains increasing. Understanding the epidemiology of DM among elderly individuals in a certain area contributes to the DM interventions for the local elderly individuals with high risk of DM. AIM: To explore the prevalence of DM among elderly individuals in the Lugu community and analyze the related risk factors to provide a valid scientific basis for the health management of elderly individuals...

OBJECTIVE: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been associated with low adherence to the 2017 French food-based dietary guidelines, as assessed by the Programme National Nutrition Santé - guidelines score 2 (PNNS-GS2). Whether the association between T2D and PNNS-GS2 is direct or mediated by obesity has been little investigated. RESEARCH METHODS: The study included 71,450 women from the E3N-EPIC cohort, mean age of 52.9 y (SD 6.7). The simplified PNNS-GS2 was derived via food history questionnaire...

Echolucency, a measure of plaque instability associated with increased cardiovascular risk, can be assessed in both the carotid plaque and the plaque-free common carotid intima-media (IM) complex as a gray-scale median (plaque-GSM and IM-GSM, respectively). The impact of specific vascular risk factors on these two phenotypes remains uncertain, including the nature and extent of their influence. This study aims to seek the determinants of plaque-GSM and IM-GSM. Plaque-GSM and IM-GSM were measured in subjects from the IMPROVE study cohort (aged 54-79, 46% men) recruited in five European countries...

Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is modulated by genetic variants. This study aimed to assess the effect of obesity genetic liability and physical activity on hypertension among European and African ancestry individuals within the UK Biobank (UKB). Participants were 230 115 individuals of European ancestry and 3239 individuals of African ancestry from UKB. Genetic liability for obesity were estimated using previously published data including genetic variants and effect sizes for body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC) using Plink software...

OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading global cause of death. Due to the disparities in cardiovascular risk factors between rural and urban populations, this study aims to assess the differences in the prevalence of risk factors in urban and rural areas of eastern Croatia. METHODS: The cross-sectional study included 280 participants (140 from urban and 140 from rural areas) registered at studied general practice offices. Methods included e-health records, questionnaire, physical examination methods, and blood sampling for laboratory tests...

Daily living physical activities of rural pregnant women, across most continents in the world, involve adoption of high-flexion postures like deep-squat. Deep-squat elicits substantial activation of major trunk and lower extremity muscles. Adequate strength of trunk muscles is known to facilitate forward-downward propulsion of baby during labour. Therefore, current study aimed to explore influence of overall physical activity including squat exposure on trunk and lower-extremity muscle strength and labour outcomes in rural and urban primigravida women...

Childhood obesity represents a significant global health concern and identifying its risk factors is crucial for developing intervention programs. Many "omics" factors associated with the risk of developing obesity have been identified, including genomic, microbiomic, and epigenomic factors. Here, using a sample of 48 infants, we investigated how the methylation profiles in cord blood and placenta at birth were associated with weight outcomes (specifically, conditional weight gain, body mass index, and weight-for-length ratio) at age six months...

Metabolic factors play a critical role in the development of digestive system cancers (DSCs), and East Asia has the highest incidence of malignant tumors in the digestive system. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the associations between 19 metabolism-related lifestyle and clinical risk factors and DSCs, including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, hepatocellular, biliary tract, and pancreatic cancer. The causal association was explored for all combinations of each risk factor and each DSC...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Resting energy expenditure (REE) assessments can help inform clinical treatment decisions in adolescents with elevated body mass index (BMI), but current equations are suboptimal for severe obesity. We developed a predictive REE equation for youth with severe obesity and obesity-related comorbidities and compared results to previously published predictive equations. METHODS: Data from indirect calorimetry, clinical measures, and body composition per Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were collected from five sites...

Objective. Abnormal lipid profile and obesity increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS patients may have a greater risk of infertility, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to abnormal lipid profile and obesity. The aim of the study was to find the association between abnormal lipid profile and obesity in patients with PCOS. Methods. In this case-control study, a total of 102 female subjects (51 diagnosed PCOS and 51 age-matched healthy controls) were enrolled, aged between 20-40 years...

This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram model that includes clinical and laboratory indicators to predict the risk of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in young Chinese individuals. This study retrospectively analyzed a cohort of young population who underwent health examination from November 2018 to December 2021 at The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China. We extracted the clinical and laboratory data of 43,040 subjects and randomized participants into the training and validation groups (7:3)...

To investigate and analyze the relationship between body composition components, including Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage, waist-to-hip ratio, and visceral fat index, and Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) levels in patients diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how various aspects of body composition impact AMH levels. This study enrolled 167 women with PCOS of reproductive age. Serum AMH level and body composition were measured, and the correlation between body composition elements and AMH levels was analyzed...

This study is aimed to investigate the characteristics of different obesity metabolic indexes [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), cardiometabolic index (CMI), body roundness index (BRI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and lipid aggregation products (LAP)] and their correlation with insulin resistance (IR) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The study was conducted on 140 subjects with PCOS and 133 control subjects aged 18-44 years...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to identify plasma and urinary metabolites related to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and elucidate their mediator role in the associations between modifiable risk factors and CRC. METHODS: Metabolite quantitative trait loci were derived from two published metabolomics genome-wide association studies (GWASs), and summary-level data were extracted for 651 plasma metabolites and 208 urinary metabolites. Genetic associations with CRC were obtained from a large-scale GWAS meta-analysis (100,204 cases; 154,587 controls) and the FinnGen cohort (4,957 cases; 304,197 controls)...

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many genetic loci associated with complex traits and diseases in the past 20 years. Multiple heritable covariates may be added into GWAS regression models to estimate direct effects of genetic variants on a focal trait, or to improve the power by accounting for environmental effects and other sources of trait variations. When one or more covariates are causally affected by both genetic variants and hidden confounders, adjusting for them in GWAS will produce biased estimation of SNP effects, known as collider bias...

INTRODUCTION: Research on obesity, which results from excessive food consumption and sedentary lifestyle, has focused on increasing energy expenditure. Recently, muscle tissue is being investigated as an endocrine active organ, secreting molecules called myokines. Multiple studies have been performed to assess myokine levels in various disorders, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic syndrome. Irisin and Meteorin-like protein (Metrnl) are particles which, among others, are suggested to play an important role in adipose tissue browning and improving insulin sensitivity...

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the difference in adiposity measured by DEXA between people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those without. Moreover, we investigated the most reliable adiposity measure for discriminating people with T2DM from those without in clinical settings. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from the database of Qatar Biobank (QBB), which comprised adults with a previous diagnosis of T2DM mellitus in Qatar. t -test and multivariable linear regression models were used to assess the association between T2DM and the difference in DEXA and BMI adiposity measures...

PURPOSE: The effect of obesity on the development of heart failure (HF) has received attention, and this study intends to further explore the bidirectional association between body size or composition and HF by using Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach. DESIGN: We performed a two-sample bidirectional MR study to investigate the association between body size or composition and the risk of HF using aggregated data from genome-wide association studies. Univariable MR analysis was used to investigate the causal relationship, and multivariable MR analysis was used to explore the mediating role of general and central obesity in the relationship between body size or composition and HF...

BACKGROUND: Accurate characterization of how age influences body weight and metabolism at different stages of life is important for understanding ageing processes. Here, we explore observational longitudinal associations between metabolic health and weight from the fifth to the seventh decade of life, using carefully adjusted statistical designs. METHODS: Body measures and biochemical data from blood and urine (220 measures) across two visits were available from 10 104 UK Biobank participants...