Propranolol

In this editorial we comment on the in-press article in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal endoscopy about the role of computed tomography (CT) for the prediction of esophageal variceal bleeding. The mortality and morbidity are much increased in patients with chronic liver diseases when complicated with variceal bleeding. Predicting the patient at a risk of bleeding is extremely important and receives a great deal of attention, paving the way for primary prophylaxis either using medical treatment including carvedilol or propranolol, or endoscopic band ligation...

An outborn male term neonate presented with a complaint of respiratory distress since birth on day 9 of life. On examination, baby was having tachypnoea, tachycardia and hepatomegaly. The baby was delivered at term gestation and cried immediately after birth. The chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly. The abdomen ultrasound showed a complex cystic vascular lesion suggestive of hepatic haemangioma. The echocardiography showed an atrial septal defect. The baby was initially treated conservatively along with specific treatment (steroids and propranolol) for haemangioma for 6 weeks...

1-(Phenylselanyl)-2-(p-tolyl)indolizine (MeSeI) is a selenoindolizine with an antidepressant-like effect in mice by regulation of the serotonergic system. This study investigated the involvement of dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems in the antidepressant-like action of MeSeI. For this purpose, Swiss male mice were pretreated with different antagonists, after 15 min, the MeSeI was administrated by intragastric (i.g.) via; after 30 min, the mouse behavior was assessed in the forced swimming test (FST)...

Cardiac maturation represents the last phase of heart development and is characterized by morphofunctional alterations that optimize the heart for efficient pumping. Its understanding provides important insights into cardiac regeneration therapies. Recent evidence implies that adrenergic signals are involved in the regulation of cardiac maturation, but the mechanistic underpinnings involved in this process are poorly understood. Herein, we explored the role of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) activation in determining structural and functional components of cardiomyocyte maturation...

In the last decades there has been progress in the treatment of essential tremor (TE) especially in the surgical field and to a lesser extent in the pharmacological field. We carry out a review of the currently available treatments. The first intervention is the use of non-pharmacological and non-surgical strategies (general advice, occupational therapy, speech therapy, psychotherapy). With discrete advances, the pharmacological treatment is not very satisfactory. Only 30-60% of patients have a positive response, and in these the anti-tremor effectiveness is 40-60%...

Polypharmacy is a common issue, especially among elderly patients resulting in administration errors and patient inconvenience. Hypertension is a prevalent health condition that frequently leads to polypharmacy, as its treatment typically requires the co-administration of more than one different Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API's). To address these issues, floating hollow torus-shaped dosage forms were developed, aiming at providing prolonged gastric retention and sustained drug release. The dosage forms (polypills) containing three anti-hypertensive API's (diltiazem (DIL), propranolol (PRP) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)) were created via Fused Deposition Modelling 3D printing...

OBJECTIVES: Thyroid storm is the most severe manifestation of thyrotoxicosis. Beta-blockers are among the standard treatment regimens for this condition, with propranolol being the historically preferred option. However, 2016 guidelines issued by the Japan Thyroid Association and the Japan Endocrine Society recommend the use of beta-1 selective beta-blockers over nonselective beta-blockers, such as propranolol. Nevertheless, evidence supporting this recommendation is limited. Herein, we aimed to investigate the in-hospital mortality of patients with thyroid storms based on the choice of beta-blockers...

Heart rate variability analyses using Poincaré plots can be useful for evaluating the autonomic nervous system function. However, the interpretation of the quantitative indicators of Poincaré plots remains controversial. Thus, few studies have verified the effectiveness of the quantitative indicators in veterinary medicine. This study aimed to verify the reliability of Poincaré plot indicators using pharmacological models in dogs. Four healthy beagles were used in this study...

Background: Infantile hemangiomas (IHs) are the most common benign vascular tumors of infancy. Methods: We report our experiences with 248 patients with head and neck IHs. Results: The median admission age was 4 months, and the female/male ratio was 2.18. Among the cases, 45% were followed by no treatment. No local complications were observed in any of these patients. Propranolol was provided to all patients who received medical treatment. The median duration of treatment was 12 months (1-30 months), and the median follow-up period of all patients was 14 months (0-118 months)...

Non-radical activation of persulfate (PS) by photocatalysts is an effective approach for removing organic pollutants from aqueous environments. In this study, a novel Bi2 O3 /BiO1.3 I0.4 heterojunction was synthesized using a facile solvothermal approach and used for the first time for non-radical activation of PS to degrade propranolol (PRO) in the presence of visible light. The findings found that the degradation rate of PRO in the Bi2 O3 /BiO1.3 I0.4 /PS system was significantly increased from 19% to more than 90% within 90 min compared to the Bi2 O3 /BiO1...

The autonomic nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating bone metabolism, with sympathetic activation stimulating bone resorption and inhibiting bone formation. We found that fractures lead to increased sympathetic tone, enhanced osteoclast resorption, decreased osteoblast formation, and thus hastened systemic bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. However, the combined administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the β-receptor blocker propranolol dramatically promoted systemic bone formation and osteoporotic fracture healing in OVX mice...

Aquatic ecosystems continue to be threatened by chemical pollution. To what extent organisms are able to cope with chemical exposure depends on their ability to display mechanisms of defense across different organs. Among these mechanisms, biotransformation processes represent key physiological responses that facilitate detoxification and reduce the bioaccumulation potential of chemicals. Biotransformation does not only depend on the ability of different organs to display biotransformation enzymes but also on the affinity of chemicals towards these enzymes...

In this work, bismuth tungstate Bi2 WO6 is immobilized on polymer membranes to photocatalytically remove micropollutants from water as an alternative to titanium dioxide TiO2 . A synthesis method for Bi2 WO6 preparation and its immobilization on a polymer membrane is developed. Bi2 WO6 is characterized using X-ray diffraction and UV-vis reflectance spectroscopy, while the membrane undergoes analysis through scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and degradation experiments. The density of states calculations for TiO2 and Bi2 WO6 , along with PVDF reactions with potential reactive species, are investigated by density functional theory...

BACKGROUND: Gomphrena perennis L. is a native plant of South America whose pharmacological properties have not been studied yet. AIM: To evaluate the cardiovascular and intestinal pharmacological effects of Gomphrena perennis L. leaves tincture (GphT) and the mechanisms involved. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: The chromatographic profile of GphT was done. Its ex vivo effects were evaluated by contractile concentration-response curves (CRCs) obtained from the agonist carbachol or calcium found in isolated rat small intestine, as well as in the relaxant CRCs...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of color Doppler ultrasonography in assessing infantile hemangioma response to treatment with oral propranolol. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted between January, 2016 and December, 2022, wherein children with symptomatic (ulceration, bleeding, pain and scarring) infantile hemangioma were given oral propranol (2 mg/kg per day in three divided doses) as outpatient therapy. The clinical response was assessed three months post-initiation of treatment (intermediate clinical response) and three months post-completion of treatment (final clinical response, FCR)...

Background The elderly population differs from adults in having various physiological changes and multiple diseases, which demand the use of multiple medications. The practice of polypharmacy in the elderly leads to numerous harmful effects like adverse drug reactions, adverse drug-drug interactions (DDIs), poor compliance, etc. Methodology This study collected 295 case files of elderly patients retrospectively in the Departments of General Medicine, Cardiology and Nephrology after obtaining Institute Ethics Committee approval to look for the potential adverse DDIs with their severity according to the clinical significance...

We present the case of a 3-week-old girl with LUMBAR syndrome, a rare condition involving segmental infantile hemangiomas (IH) in the lumbosacral region, myelopathy, and other congenital anomalies. The patient developed severe ulceration of a left buttock IH. Treatment included broad-spectrum antibiotics, debridement, and a laparoscopic temporary colostomy. Propranolol therapy, wound care, and fecal diversion led to successful healing of the ulceration. The report highlights the challenges of ulcerated IH in the perineal area due to exposure to urine and stool...

Neonatal Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism during the newborn period. Maternal Graves disease increases the risk of intrauterine growth restriction, small for gestational age, and neonatal Graves disease. Intrauterine growth restriction and small for gestational age are associated with hypoglycemia and transient neonatal hyperinsulinism. Neonatal Graves disease with severe persistent hypoglycemia has not been well described. We present the case of a female patient born at 34 weeks and 3 days with a birth weight of 1...

BACKGROUND: Angiosarcoma is a rare and aggressive cancer of the endothelial cells. Propranolol, a non-selective β-blocker, was able to initiate apoptosis in angiosarcoma cell lines and its anti-tumor activity has been described in several case reports. The aim of this trial was to prospectively evaluate the anti-tumor activity of propranolol monotherapy in patients with angiosarcoma before proceeding to standard of care treatment. METHODS: Propranolol was dosed 80 mg to 240 mg/day for 3 to 6 weeks according to a dose titration schedule...

IMPORTANCE: Antipsychotic-induced akathisia (AIA) occurs in 14% to 35% of patients treated with antipsychotics and is associated with increased suicide and decreased adherence in patients with schizophrenia. However, no comprehensive review and network meta-analysis has been conducted to compare the efficacy of treatments for AIA. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy associated with AIA treatments. DATA SOURCES: Three databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) were systematically searched by multiple researchers for double-blind randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing active drugs for the treatment of AIA with placebo or another treatment between May 30 and June 18, 2023...