keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37991930/mitophagy-suppression-by-miquelianin-rich-lotus-leaves-extract-induces-beiging-of-white-fat-via-ampk-drp1-pink1-parkin-signaling-axis
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhenyu Wang, Tian Yang, Maomao Zeng, Zhaojun Wang, Qiuming Chen, Jie Chen, Mark Christian, Zhiyong He
BACKGROUND: Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) leaf has been described to have anti-obesity activity, but the role of white fat "browning" or "beiging" in its beneficial metabolic actions remains unclear. Here, 3T3-L1 cells and high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice were used to evaluate the effects of miquelianin-rich lotus leaf extract (LLE) on white-to-beige fat conversion and its regulatory mechanisms. RESULTS: Treatment with LLE increased mitochondrial abundance, mitochondrial membrane potential, and NAD+ /NADH ratio in 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting its potential in promoting mitochondrial activity...
November 22, 2023: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37939653/bone-marrow-immune-cells-stop-weight-regain
#22
COMMENT
Jing Yan, Cheng Hu
Weight regain is a major challenge in the long-term management of obesity; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Zhou et al. found that bone-marrow-derived CD7+ monocytes respond to fluctuating nutritional stress and suppress weight regain by promoting beige fat thermogenesis.
November 7, 2023: Cell Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37939221/foxj3-regulates-thermogenesis-of-brown-and-beige-fat-via-induction-of-pgc-1%C3%AE
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jincan Huang, Yujie Zhang, Xuenan Zhou, Jiani Song, Yueyao Feng, Tongtong Qiu, Sufang Sheng, Menglin Zhang, Xi Zhang, Jingran Hao, Lei Zhang, Yinliang Zhang, Xiaorong Li, Ming Liu, Yongsheng Chang
Enhancing the development and thermogenesis in brown and beige fat represents a potential treatment for obesity. In the present study, we show that Foxj3 expression in fat is stimulated by cold exposure and a β-adrenergic agonist. Adipose-specific Foxj3 knockout impairs the thermogenic function of brown fat, leading to morphological whitening of brown fat and obesity. Adipose Foxj3-deficient mice display increased fasting blood glucose levels and hepatic steatosis on a chow diet. Foxj3 deficiency inhibits the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) following β3-agonist treatment of mice...
November 8, 2023: Diabetes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37936229/polarized-macrophages-regulate-fibro-adipogenic-progenitor-fap-adipogenesis-through-exosomes
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengyao Liu, Martin Ng, Tuan Phu, Laura Bouchareychas, Brian T Feeley, Hubert T Kim, Robert L Raffai, Xuhui Liu
BACKGROUND: Macrophage polarization has been observed in the process of muscle injuries including rotator cuff (RC) muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration after large tendon tears. In our previous study, we showed that fibrogenesis and white adipogenesis of muscle residential fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) cause fibrosis and fatty infiltration and that brown/beige adipogenesis of FAPs promotes rotator cuff muscle regeneration. However, how polarized macrophages and their exosomes regulate FAP differentiation remains unknown...
November 7, 2023: Stem Cell Research & Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37918793/adiponectin-stimulates-sca1-cd34-adipocyte-precursor-cells-associated-with-hyperplastic-expansion-and-beiging-of-brown-and-white-adipose-tissue
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marco Bauzá-Thorbrügge, Milica Vujičić, Belén Chanclón, Vilborg Palsdottir, Nicolas J Pillon, Anna Benrick, Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm
BACKGROUND: The adipocyte hormone adiponectin improves insulin sensitivity and there is an inverse correlation between adiponectin levels and type-2 diabetes risk. Previous research shows that adiponectin remodels the adipose tissue into a more efficient metabolic sink. For instance, mice that overexpress adiponectin show increased capacity for hyperplastic adipose tissue expansion as evident from smaller and metabolically more active white adipocytes. In contrast, the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of these mice looks "whiter" possibly indicating reduced metabolic activity...
October 31, 2023: Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37875386/ablation-of-diacylglycerol-kinase-%C3%AE%C2%B5-promotes-whitening-of-brown-adipose-tissue-under-high-fat-diet-feeding
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomoyuki Nakano, Ayako Suzuki, Kaoru Goto
Adipose tissue (AT) comprises distinct fat depots such as white AT and brown AT. White and brown adipocytes exhibit different morphological and physiological properties. White adipocytes containing large single lipid droplet (LD) provide energy on demand whereas brown adipocytes loaded with multilocular LDs consume energy to generate heat or dissipate excess energy. Recent studies have shown that multilocular brown-like cells emerge in white AT under certain conditions. These cells termed beige adipocytes participate in energy expenditure and heat generation...
October 19, 2023: Advances in Biological Regulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37804915/miquelianin-in-folium-nelumbinis-extract-promotes-white-to-beige-fat-conversion-via-blocking-ampk-drp1-mitophagy-and-modulating-gut-microbiota-in-hfd-fed-mice
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhenyu Wang, Tian Yang, Maomao Zeng, Zhaojun Wang, Qiuming Chen, Jie Chen, Mark Christian, Zhiyong He
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of miquelianin (quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, Q3G), one of the main flavonoids in the Folium Nelumbinis extract (FNE), on beige adipocyte formation and its underlying mechanisms. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes Q3G (12.8%)-rich FNE treatment upregulated beige-related markers such as SIRT1, COX2, PGC-1α, TFAM, and UCP1. Furthermore, Q3G enhanced mitochondrial biosynthesis and inhibited mitophagy by downregulating the expression of PINK1, PARKIN, BECLIN1 and LC-3B in 3T3-L1 cells...
October 5, 2023: Food and Chemical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37797731/dha-alleviated-hepatic-and-adipose-inflammation-with-increased-adipocyte-browning-in-high-fat-diet-induced-obese-mice
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shih-Yi Lin, Ya-Yu Wang, Pin-Ho Pan, Jiaan-Der Wang, Ching-Ping Yang, Wen-Ying Chen, Yu-Hsiang Kuan, Su-Lan Liao, Yu-Li Lo, Yih-Hsin Chang, Chun-Jung Chen
Obesity is associated with accumulation of inflammatory immune cells in white adipose tissue, whereas thermogenic browning adipose tissue is inhibited. Dietary fatty acids are important nutritional components and several clinical and experimental studies have reported beneficial effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on obesity-related metabolic changes. In this study, we investigated effects of DHA on hepatic and adipose inflammation and adipocyte browning in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice, and in vitro 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation...
October 3, 2023: Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37782317/mice-lacking-triglyceride-synthesis-enzymes-in-adipose-tissue-are-resistant-to-diet-induced-obesity
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chandramohan Chitraju, Alexander W Fischer, Yohannes A Ambaw, Kun Wang, Bo Yuan, Sheng Hui, Tobias C Walther, Robert V Farese
Triglycerides (TGs) in adipocytes provide the major stores of metabolic energy in the body. Optimal amounts of TG stores are desirable as insufficient capacity to store TG, as in lipodystrophy, or exceeding the capacity for storage, as in obesity, results in metabolic disease. We hypothesized that mice lacking TG storage in adipocytes would result in excess TG storage in cell types other than adipocytes and severe lipotoxicity accompanied by metabolic disease. To test this hypothesis, we selectively deleted both TG synthesis enzymes, DGAT1 and DGAT2, in adipocytes (ADGAT DKO mice)...
October 2, 2023: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37770940/castration-promotes-the-browning-of-the-prostate-tumor-microenvironment
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alejandro Alvarez-Artime, Belen Garcia-Soler, Pedro Gonzalez-Menendez, Sheila Fernandez-Vega, Rafael Cernuda-Cernuda, David Hevia, Juan C Mayo, Rosa M Sainz
BACKGROUND: Adipose tissue has gained attention due to its potential paracrine role. Periprostatic adipose tissue surrounds the prostate and the prostatic urethra, and it is an essential player in prostate cancer progression. Since obesity is directly related to human tumor progression, and adipose tissue depots are one of the significant components of the tumor microenvironment, the molecular mediators of the communication between adipocytes and epithelial cells are in the spotlight...
September 28, 2023: Cell Communication and Signaling: CCS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37703873/bone-marrow-immune-cells-respond-to-fluctuating-nutritional-stress-to-constrain-weight-regain
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hai-Yan Zhou, Xu Feng, Li-Wen Wang, Rui Zhou, Heng Sun, Xin Chen, Ren-Bin Lu, Yan Huang, Qi Guo, Xiang-Hang Luo
Weight regain after weight loss is a major challenge in the treatment of obesity. Immune cells adapt to fluctuating nutritional stress, but their roles in regulating weight regain remain unclear. Here, we identify a stem cell-like CD7+ monocyte subpopulation accumulating in the bone marrow (BM) of mice and humans that experienced dieting-induced weight loss. Adoptive transfer of CD7+ monocytes suppresses weight regain, whereas inducible depletion of CD7+ monocytes accelerates it. These cells, accumulating metabolic memories via epigenetic adaptations, preferentially migrate to the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT), where they secrete fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) to activate the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway and facilitate beige fat thermogenesis...
November 7, 2023: Cell Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37686745/combined-treatment-of-mori-folium-and-mori-cortex-radicis-ameliorate-obesity-in-mice-via-ucp-1-in-brown-adipocytes
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Do-Sung Kim, Hwa-Young Lee, Hwa-Jin Kim, Geum-Hwa Lee, Young Jae Lim, Bo Mi Ko, Ji-Hyun Kim, Tae Won Kim, Hye Kyung Kim, Tae Young Kim, Dae Il Hwang, Ha Kyoung Choi, Seon Min Ju, Myung Ja Chung, Han-Jung Chae
Mori Folium ( Morus alba leaf, MF) and Mori Cortex Radicis ( Morus alba root cortex, MR) have been studied for their anti-obesity effects by enhancing the browning process and inhibiting adipogenesis. However, important aspects of their protective mechanisms have not been thoroughly investigated, which could aid in developing functional food. Thus, this study aims to determine the synergistic effects of MF and MR against obesity and its associated mechanisms. In an in vitro cell culture model of brown adipocytes, a 1:1 mixture of MF and MR showed a synergistic effect on the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes, including Ucp-1 , Ppargc1a , Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator ( Cited ), Prdm16 , Tbx1 , and Fgf21 compared with either MF- or MR-treated conditions...
August 24, 2023: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37629668/modern-and-non-invasive-methods-of-fat-removal
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrycja Piłat, Gabriela Szpila, Michał Stojko, Jakub Nocoń, Joanna Smolarczyk, Karol Żmudka, Martyna Moll, Michał Hawranek
Adipocytes accumulate triacylglycerols as an energy store, thereby causing an increase in the adipose tissue volume. Weight gain can be prevented through damage to the adipocyte structure or an increase in the body's metabolic rate. Commonly used methods to disintegrate the cell membrane of adipocytes include injection lipolysis, cryolipolysis, ultrasonic lipolysis, radiofrequency lipolysis, laser lipolysis, carboxytherapy, and lipolysis using an electromagnetic field. The names of these methods suggest which substances are being used, and their main advantages are a very low invasiveness, as well as effectiveness...
July 28, 2023: Medicina
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37621014/parathyroid-hormone-inhibits-fatty-infiltration-and-muscle-atrophy-after-rotator-cuff-tear-by-browning-of-fibro-adipogenic-progenitors-in-a-rodent-model
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryosuke Iio, Tomoya Manaka, Naoki Takada, Kumi Orita, Katsumasa Nakazawa, Yoshihiro Hirakawa, Yoichi Ito, Hiroaki Nakamura
BACKGROUND: Progressive fatty infiltration and muscle atrophy after rotator cuff tears lead to tendon repair failure and poor outcomes. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are involved in fatty infiltration and muscle homeostasis of skeletal muscle. Inducing FAP differentiation into brown adipocyte-like "beige adipocytes" suppresses fatty infiltration and muscle atrophy. HYPOTHESIS: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) suppresses fatty infiltration and muscle atrophy after rotator cuff tears in a rat model by browning of FAPs...
August 24, 2023: American Journal of Sports Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37574723/distinct-response-of-adipocyte-progenitors-to-glucocorticoids-determines-visceral-obesity-via-the-tead1-mir-27b-prdm16-axis
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yifan Lv, Fan Xia, Jing Yu, Yunlu Sheng, Yi Jin, Yanqiang Li, Guoxian Ding
OBJECTIVE: Visceral obesity contributes to obesity-related complications; however, the intrinsic mechanism of depot-specific adipose tissue behavior remains unclear. Despite the pro-adipogenesis role of glucocorticoids (GCs) in adipogenesis, the role of GCs in visceral adiposity rather than in subcutaneous adipose tissue is not established. Because adipocyte progenitors display a striking depot-specific pattern, the regulatory pathways of novel progenitor subtypes within different depots remain unclear...
August 13, 2023: Obesity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37561580/g%C3%AE-%C3%AE-snap25-exocytotic-brake-removal-enhances-insulin-action-promotes-adipocyte-browning-and-protects-against-diet-induced-obesity
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan P Ceddia, Zack Zurawski, Analisa Thompson Gray, Feyisayo Adegboye, Ainsley McDonald-Boyer, Fubiao Shi, Dianxin Liu, Jose Maldonado, Jiesi Feng, Yulong Li, Simon Alford, Julio E Ayala, Owen P McGuinness, Sheila Collins, Heidi E Hamm
Negative regulation of exocytosis from secretory cells is accomplished through inhibitory signals from Gi/o G-protein-coupled-receptors by Gβγ subunit inhibition of two mechanisms: decreased calcium entry and direct interaction of Gβγ with Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor Attachment Protein (SNAP) Receptor (SNARE) plasma membrane fusion machinery. Previously, we disabled the second mechanism with a SNAP25 truncation (SNAP25Δ3) decreasing Gβγ affinity for the SNARE complex, leaving exocytotic fusion and modulation of calcium entry intact, and removing GPCR-Gβγ inhibition of SNARE-mediated exocytosis...
August 10, 2023: Journal of Clinical Investigation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37553709/balancing-adipocyte-production-and-lipid-metabolism-to-treat-obesity-induced-diabetes-with-a-novel-proteoglycan-from-ganoderma-lucidum
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
YingXin Wang, Fanzhen Yu, Xinru Zheng, Jiaqi Li, Zeng Zhang, Qianqian Zhang, Jieying Chen, Yanming He, Hongjie Yang, Ping Zhou
Obesity is often accompanied by metabolic disorder and insulin resistance, resulting in type 2 diabetes. Based on previous findings, FYGL, a natural hyperbranched proteoglycan extracted from the G. lucidum fruiting body, can decrease blood glucose and reduce body weight in diabetic mice. In this article, the underlying mechanism of FYGL in ameliorating obesity-induced diabetes was further investigated both in vivo and in vitro. FYGL upregulated expression of metabolic genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid β-oxidation and thermogenesis; downregulated the expression of insulin resistance-related genes; and significantly increased the number of beige adipocytes in db/db mice...
August 8, 2023: Lipids in Health and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37551935/kaempferol-regulates-the-thermogenic-function-of-adipocytes-in-high-fat-diet-induced-obesity-via-the-cdk6-runx1-ucp1-signaling-pathway
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoxi Zhang, Xiaoli Hou, Changyu Xu, Siyao Cheng, Xintao Ni, Yueyue Shi, Yanjing Yao, Liangxin Chen, Miaofen G Hu, Daozong Xia
Activation of adipose tissue thermogenesis is a promising strategy in the treatment of obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders. Kaempferol (KPF) is a predominant dietary flavonoid with multiple pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In this study, we sought to characterize the role of KPF in adipocyte thermogenesis. We demonstrated that KPF-treated mice were protected from diet-induced obesity, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance, accompanied by markedly increased energy expenditure, ex vivo oxygen consumption of white fat, and increased expression of proteins related to adaptive thermogenesis...
August 8, 2023: Food & Function
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37550331/hepcidin-deficiency-in-mice-impairs-white-adipose-tissue-browning-possibly-due-to-a-defect-in-de-novo-adipogenesis
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jean-Christophe Deschemin, Céline Ransy, Frédéric Bouillaud, Soonkyu Chung, Bruno Galy, Carole Peyssonnaux, Sophie Vaulont
The role of iron in the two major sites of adaptive thermogenesis, namely the beige inguinal (iWAT) and brown adipose tissues (BAT) has not been fully understood yet. Body iron levels and distribution is controlled by the iron regulatory peptide hepcidin. Here, we explored iron homeostasis and thermogenic activity in brown and beige fat in wild-type and iron loaded Hepcidin KO mice. Hepcidin-deficient mice displayed iron overload in both iWAT and BAT, and preferential accumulation of ferritin in stromal cells compared to mature adipocytes...
August 7, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37499977/highly-recruited-brown-adipose-tissue-does-not-in-itself-protect-against-obesity
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriella von Essen, Erik Lindsund, Elaina M Maldonado, Petr Zouhar, Barbara Cannon, Jan Nedergaard
OBJECTIVE: The possibility to counteract the development of obesity in humans by recruiting brown or brite/beige adipose tissue (and thus UCP1) has attracted much attention. Here we examine if a diet that can activate diet-induced thermogenesis can exploit pre-enhanced amounts of UCP1 to counteract the development of diet-induced obesity. METHODS: To investigate the anti-obesity significance of highly augmented amounts of UCP1 for control of body energy reserves, we physiologically increased total UCP1 amounts in brown and brite/beige tissues in mice...
July 25, 2023: Molecular Metabolism
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