angle I

Introduction Clear aligners have demonstrated success in achieving complex tooth movements. However, orthodontists have faced challenges related to the predictability of clear aligners. This retrospective study aimed to assess the predictability of ClinCheck® accuracy in space closure before and after Invisalign® treatment and to identify factors associated with the need for refinement. Methods Patient records from one private clinic in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, were analyzed, and a sample of 55 adult patients who had spacing and underwent Invisalign treatment were included...

The excitation by magnetic field was established to mitigate the membrane fouling of magnetic biochar (MB)-supplemented membrane bioreactor (MBR) in this study. The results showed that the transmembrane pressure (TMP) increase rates decreased by about 8 % after introducing the magnetic field compared with the magnetic biochar-MBR (MB-MBR). Membrane characterization suggested that the flocs in the magnetic field-magnetic biochar-MBR (MF-MB-MBR) formed a highly permeable developed cake layer, and a fluffier and more porous deposited layer on membrane surface, which minimized fouling clogging of the membrane pores...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to systematically review the additional value of providing real-time postural feedback during balance and mobility training in older people. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web-of-Science were searched from inception to August 2023. Studies comparing the effectiveness of feedback-based versus non-feedback-based postural balance or mobility training on balance or mobility outcomes were selected. Similar outcomes were pooled in meta-analyses using a random-effect model...

PURPOSE: While the coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK) classification serves as a useful guide in personalising total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the extent of its correlation with segmental coronal extra-articular knee deformities remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the potential correlation between CPAK matrix groups and segmental coronal extra-articular deformities in prearthritic knees, shedding light on the relationship between these two factors that seems to be both essential to perform personalised TKA...

Large bone defects, often resulting from trauma and disease, present significant clinical challenges. Electrospun fibrous scaffolds closely resembling the morphology and structure of natural ECM are highly interested in bone tissue engineering. However, the traditional electrospun fibrous scaffold has some limitations, including lacking interconnected macropores and behaving as a 2D scaffold. To address these challenges, a sponge-like electrospun poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL) fibrous scaffold has been developed by an innovative and convenient method (i...

In aqueous binary solvents with fluorinated alcohols, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), and aliphatic alcohols, ethanol (EtOH) and 2-propanol (2-PrOH), the denaturation of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) with increasing alcohol mole fraction x A has been investigated in a wide view from the molecular vibration to the secondary and ternary structures. Circular dichroism (CD) measurement showed that the secondary structure of α-helix content of HEWL increases on adding a small amount of the fluorinated alcohol to the aqueous solution, while the β-sheet content decreases...

BACKGROUND: The establishment of good facial esthetics is one of the main objectives of complete denture construction. Unfortunately, it may be the caused issue for patients having a prominent premaxilla due to excessive lip support by the labial flange of the maxillary denture. Open-face dentures (OFD) may suggest suitable prosthetic management for these patients. However, clinical evidence regarding the efficiency of OFD is scarce. METHODS: A total of 38 completely edentulous participants having prominent premaxilla and skeletal class I Angle's classification were enrolled in this study...

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the amplitude of the anatomical-mechanical angle (AMA-angle) using 4 measuring methods of the tibial distal anatomical axes (DAA) previously described, comparing the literature results to determine if there are significant differences in patients with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture. ANIMALS: This study was comprised of 30 tibiae (29 dogs), including 1 bilateral case. METHODS: A retrospective study was selected for this research...

Double decoupling absolute binding free energy simulations require an intermediate state at which the ligand is held solely by restraints in a position and orientation resembling the bound state. One possible choice consists of one distance, two angle, and three dihedral angle restraints. Here, I demonstrate that in practically all cases the analytical correction derived under the rigid rotator harmonic oscillator approximation is sufficient to account for the free energy of the restraints.

The manipulation of quantum states of light has resulted in significant advancements in both dark matter searches and gravitational wave detectors. Current dark matter searches operating in the microwave frequency range use nearly quantum-limited amplifiers. Future high frequency searches will use photon counting techniques to evade the standard quantum limit. We present a signal enhancement technique that utilizes a superconducting qubit to prepare a superconducting microwave cavity in a nonclassical Fock state and stimulate the emission of a photon from a dark matter wave...

According to world forecasting, the number of patients with glaucoma all over the world will reach 111.8 million up to 2040 . The percentage of primary open-angle glaucoma is 2.34% and primary closed-angle glaucoma is 0.73%. According to mathematical forecast, further increasing of common and primary morbidity is expected. The retrospective analysis of patient records of the Department of Eye Microsurgery № 2 of the National Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic was carried out. It is established that among total number of treated patients with glaucoma, no significant difference in rate of cases of closed-angle (53,7±1,7) and open-angle forms (46,3±1,7) was established...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) pressures, which are reflective of respiratory muscle strength, in skeletal Class II patients with different growth patterns (horizontal, average, and vertical) and to correlate those with airway dimension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with a Class II skeletal base seeking orthodontic treatment were assigned to the following groups: average, horizontal, and vertical growth pattern. The control group (n = 14) comprised patients with a Class I skeletal base and average growth pattern...

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort analysis. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the C2 exposure technique was a predictor of change in cervical alignment and patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) after posterior cervical decompression and fusion (PCDF) for degenerative indications. BACKGROUND: In PCDF handling of the C2 posterior paraspinal musculature during the operative approach varies by surgeon technique. To date, no studies have investigated whether maintenance of the upper cervical semispinalis cervicis attachments as compared with complete reflection of upper cervical paraspinal musculature from the posterior bony elements is associated with superior radiographic and clinical outcomes after PCDF...

The distance effect (comparing objects becomes easier with increasing differences in their magnitude) is observed in tasks ranging across domains, and its existence has been interpreted as evidence for analogue magnitude representation. Similarly, associations between response side and magnitude (faster left/right-sided responses to small/large objects, respectively) are observed across domains. We investigated the analogue processing of angles and the association between angle magnitude and response side in relation to geometric expertise...

BACKGROUND: Thrombectomy with a stent retriever (SR) may lead to intracranial hemorrhage due to vessel displacement. We aimed to explore factors related to vessel displacement using an in vitro vessel model. METHODS: A vessel model mimicking two-dimensional left internal carotid angiography findings was used in this study. Six SR types (Solitaire 3 × 40, 4 × 40, and 6 × 40; Embotrap 5 × 37; Trevo 4 × 41; and Tron 4 × 40) were fully deployed in the M2 ascending, M2 bend, or M1 horizontal portion...

Designing and developing high-performance shielding materials against electromagnetic interference is of utmost importance due to the rapid advancement of wireless telecommunication technologies. Such materials hold both fundamental and technological significance. A three-stage process is presented for creating ultralight, flexible aerogels from biomass to shield against electromagnetic interference. Collagen fibers sourced from leather solid waste are used for: (i) freeze-drying preparation of collagen fibers/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) aerogels, (ii) adsorption of silver nanowires (AgNWs) onto collagen fiber/PVA aerogels, and (iii) Hydrophobic modification of collagen fiber/PVA/AgNWs aerogels with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (POTS)...

Mammalian hosts combat bacterial infections through the production of defensive cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAPs). These immune factors are capable of directly killing bacterial invaders; however, many pathogens have evolved resistance evasion mechanisms such as cell surface modification, CAP sequestration, degradation, or efflux. We have discovered that several pathogenic and commensal proteobacteria, including the urgent human threat Neisseria gonorrhoeae , secrete a protein (lactoferrin-binding protein B, LbpB) that contains a low-complexity anionic domain capable of inhibiting the antimicrobial activity of host CAPs...

In this study, hybrid bio-nanoporous peptides loaded onto poly( N -isopropylacrylamide- co -butylacrylate) (pNIPAM- co -BA) coatings were designed and obtained via matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) technique. The incorporation of cationic peptides magainin (MG) and melittin (Mel) and their combination was tailored to target synergistic anticancer and antibacterial activities with low toxicity on normal mammalian cells. Atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as contact angle and surface energy measurements revealed the successful and functional incorporation of both the peptides within porous polymeric nanolayers as well as surface modifications ( i...

The Riemann-Liouville fractional standard map (RL-fSM) is a two-dimensional nonlinear map with memory given in action-angle variables (I,θ). The RL-fSM is parameterized by K and α∈(1,2], which control the strength of nonlinearity and the fractional order of the Riemann-Liouville derivative, respectively. In this work we present a scaling study of the average squared action 〈I^{2}〉 of the RL-fSM along strongly chaotic orbits, i.e., for K≫1. We observe two scenarios depending on the initial action I_{0}, I_{0}≪K or I_{0}≫K...

BACKGROUND: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is closely related to the dynamic balance and stability of mandibular function and orthodontic treatment. Skeletal class II female patients are thought to be at high risk for TMJ disease. The relationship between the TMJ and craniofacial structures is still controversial. This study compared the morphology and position of the TMJ in skeletal class II adolescents and adults with various vertical facial types using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)...