keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507895/policy-strategies-for-capacity-building-and-scale-up-of-the-workforce-for-comprehensive-cancer-care-a-systematic-review
#21
REVIEW
D Trapani, S S Murthy, N Hammad, R Casolino, D C Moreira, F Roitberg, J-Y Blay, G Curigliano, A M Ilbawi
BACKGROUND: Patients with cancer in low- and middle-income countries experience worse outcomes as a result of the limited capacity of health systems to deliver comprehensive cancer care. The health workforce is a key component of health systems; however, deep gaps exist in the availability and accessibility of cancer care providers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out a systematic review of the literature evaluating the strategies for capacity building of the cancer workforce...
March 19, 2024: ESMO Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507805/ultrabright-xanthene-fluorescence-probe-for-mitochondrial-super-resolution-imaging
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ziyong Wu, Chuangli Zhang, Jie Sha, Ziyang Jing, Jing He, Yang Bai, Jiasheng Wu, Shusheng Zhang, Pengfei Shi
Mitochondria are important organelles that provide energy for cellular physiological activities. Changes in their structures may indicate the occurrence of diseases, and the super-resolution imaging of mitochondria is of great significance. However, developing fluorescent probes for mitochondrial super-resolution visualization still remains challenging due to insufficient fluorescence brightness and poor stability. Herein, we rationally synthesized an ultrabright xanthene fluorescence probe Me-hNR for mitochondria-specific super-resolution imaging using structured illumination microscopy (SIM)...
March 20, 2024: Analytical Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507388/unpacking-the-gap-box-against-data-free-knowledge-distillation
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Wang, Biao Qian, Haipeng Liu, Yong Rui, Meng Wang
Data-free knowledge distillation (DFKD) improves the student model (S) by mimicking the class probability from a pre-trained teacher model (T) without training data. Under such setting, an ideal scenario is that T can help generate "good" samples from a generator (G) to maximally benefit S. However, existing arts suffer from the non-ideal generated samples under the disturbance of the gap (i.e., either too large or small) between the class probabilities of T and S; for example, the generated samples with too large gap may exhibit excessive information for S, while too small gap leads to the limited knowledge in the samples, resulting into the poor generalization...
March 20, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507218/extended-conjugation-strategy-enabling-red-shifted-and-efficient-emission-of-orange-red-thermally-activated-delayed-fluorescence-materials
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin-Yi Zeng, Yan-Qing Tang, Jing-Xiong Zhou, Kai Zhang, Han-Yang Wang, Yuan-Ye Zhu, Yan-Qing Li, Jian-Xin Tang
In account of the energy gap law, the development of efficient narrow-band gap thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials remains a major challenge for the application of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The orange-red TADF materials are commonly designed with either large π-conjugated systems or strong intramolecular donor-acceptor (D-A) interactions for red-shift emission and small singlet-triplet energy gap (Δ E ST ). There are rare reports on the simultaneous incorporation of these two strategies on the same material systems...
March 20, 2024: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498048/comparing-walking-related-everyday-life-tasks-of-children-with-gait-disorders-in-a-virtual-reality-setup-with-a-physical-setup-cross-sectional-noninferiority-study
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sophia Rhiel, Andrina Kläy, Urs Keller, Hubertus J A van Hedel, Corinne Ammann-Reiffer
BACKGROUND: A frequent rehabilitation goal for children with gait disorders is to practice daily-life walking activities. Unfortunately, these are often difficult to practice in a conventional therapeutic setting. Virtual reality (VR) with head-mounted displays (HMDs) could be a promising approach in neurorehabilitation to train such activities in a safe environment. First, however, we must know whether obstacles in VR are indeed mastered as obstacles. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to provide information on whether VR is feasible and motivating to induce and practice movements needed to master real obstacles in children and adolescents with gait disorders...
March 18, 2024: JMIR Serious Games
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497473/deciphering-the-conformational-preference-and-ionization-dynamics-of-tetrahydrofuran-insights-from-advanced-spectroscopic-techniques
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sung Man Park, Chan Ho Kwon
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) has garnered significant attention due to its pivotal role in biological and chemical processes. The diverse array of conformations exhibited by THF profoundly impacts its reactivity and interactions with other molecules. Understanding these conformational preferences is crucial for comprehending its molecular behavior. In this study, we utilize infrared (IR) resonant vacuum ultraviolet photoionization/mass-analyzed threshold ionization (VUV-PI/MATI) mass spectroscopies to capture distinctive vibrational spectra of individual conformers, namely, "twisted" and "bent," within THF...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Chemical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496791/agreement-between-parent-report-and-emr-height-weight-and-bmi-among-rural-children
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin A Potts, G Craig Wood, Lisa Bailey-Davis
INTRODUCTION: Remote anthropometric surveillance has emerged as a strategy to accommodate lapses in growth monitoring for pediatricians during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of this investigation was to validate parent-reported anthropometry and inform acceptable remote measurement practices among rural, preschool-aged children. METHODS: Parent-reported height, weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, and BMI percentile for their child were collected through surveys with the assessment of their source of home measure...
2024: Frontiers in Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495465/filling-the-agronomic-data-gap-through-a-minimum-data-collection-approach
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatima A M Tenorio, Juan I Rattalino Edreira, Juan Pablo Monzon, Fernando Aramburu-Merlos, Achim Dobermann, Armelle Gruere, Juan Martin Brihet, Sofia Gayo, Shawn Conley, Spyridon Mourtzinis, Nester Mashingaidze, Alex Sananka, Stephen Aston, Jonathan J Ojeda, Patricio Grassini
CONTEXT: Agronomic data such as applied inputs, management practices, and crop yields are needed for assessing productivity, nutrient balances, resource use efficiency, as well as other aspects of environmental and economic performance of cropping systems. In many instances, however, these data are only available at a coarse level of aggregation or simply do not exist. OBJECTIVES: Here we developed an approach that identifies sites for agronomic data collection for a given crop and country, seeking a balance between minimizing data collection efforts and proper representation of the main crop producing areas...
March 15, 2024: Field Crops Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494541/enhancing-drug-management-cost-savings-and-staff-satisfaction-in-anesthesiology-a-quality-improvement-project-in-a-chinese-tertiary-hospital
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaomin Xing, Haijun Qu, Longyuan Wang, Xiaojia Hao, Yalan Zhong, Fanbo Jing
INTRODUCTION: In alignment with China's national directive for improved drug management in anesthesiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University initiated a quality improvement project, aiming to tackle the prevailing challenges of inefficiencies in drug administration, escalating drug costs, and the notable communication gap between pharmacists and anesthesiologists. METHODS: We employed a Plan-Do-Study-Act methodology to establish a pharmacy team and execute a multidimensional pharmaceutical intervention...
March 18, 2024: Advances in Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491395/-i-think-my-vagina-is-still-there-women-s-perspectives-on-sexual-function-and-dysfunction-following-radical-cystectomy-for-bladder-cancer-a-qualitative-study
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel Carmen Ceasar, Seyedeh-Sanam Ladi-Seyedian, Domenique Escobar, Jullet Han, Kailyn Koh, Sima Porten, Carissa Chu, Erin E Gould, Sumeet Bhanvadia
BACKGROUND: Women's sexual health after radical cystectomy is an important but poorly understood aspect of bladder cancer survivorship. Dedicated investigation is needed to elucidate patient perceptions on sexual function and dysfunction in this setting. AIMS: In this study we sought to qualitatively examine women's perceptions and experiences of sexual health following radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. METHODS: We conducted one-on-one qualitative telephone interviews with 40 women who underwent radical cystectomy in the past 6 months to 5 years and signed a research consent form to be contacted for future studies...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Sexual Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491094/the-neuroanatomy-of-developmental-language-disorder-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael T Ullman, Gillian M Clark, Mariel Y Pullman, Jarrett T Lovelett, Elizabeth I Pierpont, Xiong Jiang, Peter E Turkeltaub
Developmental language disorder (DLD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder with adverse impacts that continue into adulthood. However, its neural bases remain unclear. Here we address this gap by systematically identifying and quantitatively synthesizing neuroanatomical studies of DLD using co-localization likelihood estimation, a recently developed neuroanatomical meta-analytic technique. Analyses of structural brain data (22 peer-reviewed papers, 577 participants) revealed highly consistent anomalies only in the basal ganglia (100% of participant groups in which this structure was examined, weighted by group sample sizes; 99...
March 15, 2024: Nature Human Behaviour
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489239/exploring-chemical-reaction-space-with-machine-learning-models-representation-and-feature-perspective
#32
REVIEW
Yuheng Ding, Bo Qiang, Qixuan Chen, Yiqiao Liu, Liangren Zhang, Zhenming Liu
Chemical reactions serve as foundational building blocks for organic chemistry and drug design. In the era of large AI models, data-driven approaches have emerged to innovate the design of novel reactions, optimize existing ones for higher yields, and discover new pathways for synthesizing chemical structures comprehensively. To effectively address these challenges with machine learning models, it is imperative to derive robust and informative representations or engage in feature engineering using extensive data sets of reactions...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488855/control-of-the-hydroquinone-benzoquinone-redox-state%C3%A2-in-high-mobility-semiconducting-conjugated-coordination-polymers
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xing Huang, Yang Li, Shuai Fu, Chao Ma, Yang Lu, Mingchao Wang, Peng Zhang, Ze Li, Feng He, Chuanhui Huang, Zhongquan Liao, Ye Zou, Shengqiang Zhou, Manfred Helm, Petko St Petkov, Hai I Wang, Mischa Bonn, Jian Li, Wei Xu, Renhao Dong, Xinliang Feng
Conjugated coordination polymers (c-CPs) are unique organic-inorganic hybrid semiconductors with intrinsically high electrical conductivity and excellent charge carrier mobility. However, it remains a challenge in tailoring electronic structures, due to the lack of clear guidelines. Here, we develop a strategy wherein controlling the redox state of hydroquinone/benzoquinone (HQ/BQ) ligands allows for the modulation of the electronic structure of c-CPs while maintaining the structural topology...
March 15, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488175/self-trapped-excitons-in-metal-halide-perovskites-investigated-by-time-dependent-density-functional-theory
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Jin, Mariami Rusishvili, Marco Govoni, Giulia Galli
We present a theoretical study of the formation of self-trapped excitons (STEs) and the associated broadband emission in metal-halide perovskites Cs4 SnBr6 and Cs2 AgInCl6 , using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) with the dielectric-dependent hybrid (DDH) functional. Our approach allows for an accurate description of the excitonic effect and geometry relaxation in the electronic excited states and yields optical gap, STE emission energy, and emission spectra in reasonable agreement with experiments...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487804/can-large-language-models-reason-about-medical-questions
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentin Liévin, Christoffer Egeberg Hother, Andreas Geert Motzfeldt, Ole Winther
Although large language models often produce impressive outputs, it remains unclear how they perform in real-world scenarios requiring strong reasoning skills and expert domain knowledge. We set out to investigate whether closed- and open-source models (GPT-3.5, Llama 2, etc.) can be applied to answer and reason about difficult real-world-based questions. We focus on three popular medical benchmarks (MedQA-US Medical Licensing Examination [USMLE], MedMCQA, and PubMedQA) and multiple prompting scenarios: chain of thought (CoT; think step by step), few shot, and retrieval augmentation...
March 8, 2024: Patterns
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487302/improved-likelihood-ratios-for-face-recognition-in-surveillance-video-by-multimodal-feature-pairing
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Macarulla Rodriguez, Zeno Geradts, Marcel Worring, Luis Unzueta
In forensic and security scenarios, accurate facial recognition in surveillance videos, often challenged by variations in pose, illumination, and expression, is essential. Traditional manual comparison methods lack standardization, revealing a critical gap in evidence reliability. We propose an enhanced images-to-video recognition approach, pairing facial images with attributes like pose and quality. Utilizing datasets such as ENFSI 2015, SCFace, XQLFW, ChokePoint, and ForenFace, we assess evidence strength using calibration methods for likelihood ratio estimation...
2024: Forensic Science International: Synergy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487051/integration-of-women-s-cardiovascular-health-content-into-healthcare-provider-education-results-of-a-rapid-review-and-national-survey
#37
REVIEW
Najah Adreak, Martha H Mackay, April Pike, Carley O'Neill, Evan Sterling, Varinder Randhawa, Lisa Comber, Keshandi Thompson, Kajenny Srivaratharajah, Amélie Paquin, Beth L Abramson, Kerri-Anne Mullen
Despite its importance, formal education in healthcare training programs on sex- and gender-specific cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, symptoms, treatment, and outcomes is lacking. We completed rapid reviews of the academic and grey literature to describe the current state of women-specific CVD education in medical, nursing, and other healthcare education programs. Second, we analyzed results from a Canada-wide survey of healthcare professional education programs to identify gaps in curricula related to sex- and gender-specific training in CVD...
February 2024: CJC open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487040/racial-microaggressions-and-anti-racism-a-review-of-the-literature-with-implications-for-school-based-interventions-and-school-psychologists
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rui Fu, Stephen S Leff, Ian Carroll, Shelby Brizzolara-Dove, Kenisha Campbell
Many racial-ethnic minoritized individuals are repeatedly exposed to subtle actions reflecting racial slights, termed racial microaggressions (RMAs), which are associated with adjustment problems in early adult and adult populations. Early adolescence represents a unique developmental period when minoritized youth begin their racial-ethnic identity exploration and are subjected to stereotypes and prejudice, thereby making them vulnerable to RMAs. Based upon the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist, a systematic literature search, screening and review of RMA literature focusing on high schoolers and younger youth was conducted and yielded 54 publications...
2024: School Psychology Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486767/revisiting-the-relationships-between-energy-consumption-economic-development-and-urban-size-a-global-perspective-using-remote-sensing-data
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuang Ma, Shuangjin Li, Qing Luo, Zhao Yu, Yifei Wang
Existing methods of measuring energy consumption require complex statistics and computing. A real-time and globally applicable approach for comparing energy consumption across different cities is still lacking. Additionally, the nonlinear relationships and varying thresholds of energy consumption in relation to economic activities and urbanization remain unconfirmed. This study aims to fill these gaps by utilizing Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS) nighttime light data in 2015 and a top-down approach based on a multiple regression model to examine energy consumption in global cities employing a redefined urban boundary...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485107/machine-learning-approaches-delimit-cryptic-taxa-in-a-previously-intractable-species-complex
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haley L A Heine, Shahan Derkarabetian, Rina Morisawa, Phoebe A Fu, Nathaniel H W Moyes, Sarah L Boyer
Cryptic species are not diagnosable via morphological criteria, but can be detected through analysis of DNA sequences. A number of methods have been developed for identifying species based on genetic data; however, these methods are prone to over-splitting taxa with extreme population structure, such as dispersal-limited organisms. Machine learning methodologies have the potential to overcome this challenge. Here, we apply such approaches, using a large dataset generated through hybrid target enrichment of ultraconserved elements (UCEs)...
March 12, 2024: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
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