GARS

BACKGROUND: A single dose of Ad26.COV2.S is well-tolerated and effective in preventing moderate-to-severe disease outcomes due to COVID-19. We evaluated the impact of dose level, number of doses, and dose interval on immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of Ad26.COV2.S in adults. Anamnestic responses were also explored. METHODS: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, Phase 2a study was conducted in adults aged 18-55 years and ≥ 65 years (NCT04535453)...

BACKGROUND: Despite advances in heart failure care reducing mortality in clinical trials, it remains unclear whether real-life cohorts have had similar improvements in life expectancy across the age spectrum. We aimed to investigate how mortality trends changed in patients with heart failure over the past 25 years, stratified by age groups. METHODS: Using Danish nationwide registries, we identified patients with new-onset heart failure aged 18-95 years. The 5-year all-cause mortality risk and the absolute risk difference of mortality between patients with heart failure and age-matched and sex-matched heart failure-free controls were assessed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and multivariable Cox regression models...

Distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMN) are a group of heterogeneous hereditary disorders characterized by a slowly progressive distal pure motor neuropathy. Electrophysiology, with normal motor and sensory conduction velocities, can suggest the diagnosis of dHMN and guide the genetic study. More than thirty genes are currently associated with HMNs, but around 60 to 70% of cases of dHMN remain uncharacterized genetically. Recent cohort studies showed that HSPB1, GARS, BICB2 and DNAJB2 are among the most frequent dHMN genes and that the prevalence of the disease was calculated as 2...

AIMS: Although recent randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the advantages of heart failure (HF) therapy in both frail and not frail patients, there is insufficient information on the use of HF therapy based on frailty status in a real-world setting. The aim was to examine how frailty status in HF patients associates with use of HF therapy and with clinical outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with new-onset HF between 2014 and 2021 were identified using the nationwide Danish registers...

BACKGROUND: During vascular interventions, connections that link arteries, veins, or synthetic grafts, which are known as an 'anastomosis', may be necessary. Vascular anastomoses can bleed from the needle holes that result from the creation of the anastomoses. Various surgical options are available for achieving hemostasis, or the stopping of bleeding, including the application of sealants directly onto the bleeding vessels or tissues. Sealants are designed for use in vascular surgery as adjuncts when conventional interventions are ineffective and are applied directly by the surgeon to seal bleeding anastomoses...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the systematic review is to examine and summarise the available evidence in the literature of the use of key performance indicators (KPIs) to inform evaluation of wound care programmes and services for people with hard-to-heal (complex) wounds. The need for wound care is expected to grow with the continued ageing of the population and the resulting increased development of chronic conditions. This expected increase necessitates improvement of wound care programmes and services and their ability to deliver quality, evidence-based and cost-effective practice...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibits diverse manifestations influenced by demographic factors. This study evaluates these variations within Saudi Arabia, aiming to investigate language, speech and behaviour characteristics across different demographics in Saudi Arabia using the Arabic Version of the Gilliam Autism Rating Scale-Third Edition (A-GARS-3). Employing a cross-sectional design, 178 participants were stratified by developmental status (n = 124 school settings, n = 54 clinical setting), sex (Females = 77, Males =101), age (range = 3-22), and geographical region (different provinces in Saudi Arabia)...

The Streptomyces genus comprises Gram-positive bacteria known to produce over two-thirds of the antibiotics used in medical practice. The biosynthesis of these secondary metabolites is highly regulated and influenced by a range of nutrients present in the growth medium. In Streptomyces coelicolor, glucose inhibits the production of actinorhodin (ACT) and undecylprodigiosin (RED) by a process known as carbon catabolite repression (CCR). However, the mechanism mediated by this carbon source still needs to be understood...

The viral vector-based COVID-19 vaccine Ad26.COV2.S has been recommended by the WHO since 2021 and has been administered to over 200 million people. Prior studies have shown that Ad26.COV2.S induces durable neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) that increase in coverage of variants over time, even in the absence of boosting or infection. Here, we studied humoral responses following Ad26.COV2.S vaccination in individuals enrolled in the initial Phase 1/2a trial of Ad26.COV2.S in 2020. Through 8 months post vaccination, serum NAb responses increased to variants, including B...

Conserved noncoding elements in vertebrates are enriched around transcription factor loci associated with development. However, loss and rapid divergence of conserved noncoding elements has been reported in teleost fish, albeit taking only few genomes into consideration. Taking advantage of the recent increase in high-quality teleost genomes, we focus on studying the evolution of teleost conserved noncoding elements, carrying out targeted genomic alignments and comparisons within the teleost phylogeny to detect conserved noncoding elements and reconstruct the ancestral teleost conserved noncoding elements repertoire...

INTRODUCTION: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the standard treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to anterior large vessel occlusion (LVO). Despite successful recanalization, some patients remain disabled after 3 months. Mechanisms that can cause futile recanalization (FR) are still largely unknown. We investigated if stress hyperglycemia might be associated with FR. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with successful recanalization treated in four participating centers between January 2021 and December 2022...

Triglycerides play a crucial role in the efficient storage of energy in the body. Mild and moderate hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a heterogeneous disorder with significant association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), including myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and peripheral artery disease and represents an important component of the residual ASCVD risk in statin treated patients despite optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction. Individuals with severe HTG (>1,000 mg/dL) rarely develop atherosclerosis but have an incremental incidence of acute pancreatitis with significant morbidity and mortality...

This study compares the inhibitory effects of orange peel polar fraction (OPP) and orange peel nonpolar fraction (OPNP) on trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N -oxide (TMAO) production in response to l-carnitine treatment in vivo and in vitro . Metabolomics is used to identify bioactive compounds. The research demonstrates that the OPP effectively regulates atherosclerosis-related markers, TMA and TMAO in plasma and urine, compared to the OPNP. Our investigation reveals that these inhibitory effects are independent of changes in gut microbiota composition...

BACKGROUND: Arthroplasty registries are rarely used to inform encounters between clinician and patient. This study is part of a larger one which aimed to develop an information tool allowing both to benefit from previous patients' experience after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study focuses on generating the information tool specifically for pain outcomes. METHODS: Data from the Geneva Arthroplasty Registry (GAR) about patients receiving a primary elective THA between 1996 and 2019 was used...

Previous research results of our group showed that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nucleolin synergistically mediate respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in human central neuron cells, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Here we designed and synthesized lentiviruses with TIR (674-815 aa), TLR4 (del 674-815 aa), GAR (645-707 aa), and NCL (del 645-707 aa) domains, and obtained stable overexpression cell lines by drug screening, and subsequently infected RSV at different time points. Laser confocal microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation were used for the observation of co-localization and interaction of TIR/GAR domains...

BACKGROUND: Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SB), commonly known as Ban Zhi Lian and firstly documented by Shigong Chen, is a dried whole plant that has been studied for its therapeutic effects on breast cancer, colon cancer, and prostate cancer. Among its various compounds, scutellarin (SCU) has been demonstrated with anti-tumor effects. PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SB water extract (SBW) and scutellarin on breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), and to investigate their potential therapeutic effects on breast tumors in mice...

This study reviews national-level policies regulating cross-border healthcare in mainland China after it acceded to the World Trade Organization (WTO). Policy documents from official websites of the State Council and 19 ministries were screened, from which 487 policy documents were analyzed. WTO's five modes of trade and WHO's six building blocks of healthcare system were used to guide the analysis of policymaking patterns, charting of policy evolution process, identification of key policy areas, differentiation of 29 detailed policy themes, and identification of major countries/regions involved in cross-border healthcare...

Four common Patrinia species, including P. heterophylla, P. monandra, P. scabiosifolia and P. villosa, have been documented as herbal medicines with various clinical applications, such as anti-cancer, anti-diarrhea and sedative. However, the authentication of medicinal Patrinia species poses a problem, particularly with the processed herbal materials. This study aimed to systematically authenticate the four medicinal Patrinia species in the market using morphological and chemical characterization, as well as DNA markers...

CRISPR/Cas12a system has attracted extensive concern in biosensing due to its high specificity and programmability. Nevertheless, existing Cas12a-based assays mainly focus on nucleic acid detection and have limitations in non-nucleic acid biomarker analysis. To broaden the application prospect of the CRISPR/Cas technology, a cascade Cas12a biosensing platform is reported by combining dual-functionalized gold nanoparticles (FGNPs)-assisted rolling circle amplification (RCA) and Cas12a trans-cleavage activity (GAR-Cas) for ultrasensitive protein and exosome analysis...

Previous studies of pattern recognition molecules (PRMs) of the complement system have revealed difficulties in observing binding on pathogens such as Aspergillus fumigatus and Escherichia coli, despite complement deposition indicative of classical and lectin pathway activation. Thus, we investigated the binding dynamics of PRMs of the complement system, specifically C1q of the classical pathway and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) of the lectin pathway. We observed consistently increasing deposition of essential complement components such as C4b, C3b, and the terminal complement complex on A...