Hmd

OBJECTIVES: aim of the present study was to create a pedagogical checklist for implant surgical protocol with an augmented reality (AR) guided freehand surgery to inexperienced surgeons using a head mounted display (HMD) with tracking. METHODS: The anatomical model of a patient with two missing mandibular teeth requiring conventional single-tooth implants was selected. The computed tomography (CT) scans were extracted and imported into segmentation and implant planning software...

Perception and action uncoupling in fastball sports anticipatory training is often criticized. Nevertheless, perception-only training offers distinct advantages, such as flexibility concerning time, place, and injury limitations. Therefore, the effectiveness of this training approach warrants evaluation. This study developed a virtual reality (VR) training system based on the idea that the two visual pathways in the brain are associated with visual information attributes, rather than perception or action. A key feature of this study's perception-only training was its presentation of not only the opponent's kinematics but also the ball's flight information (the attributes that guide hitting) to train the visual system necessary for real situations...

OBJECTIVE: We examined whether active head aiming with a Helmet Mounted Display (HMD) can draw the pilot's attention away from a primary flight task. Furthermore, we examined whether visual clutter increases this effect. BACKGROUND: Head up display symbology can result in attentional tunneling, and clutter makes it difficult to identify objects. METHOD: Eighteen military pilots had to simultaneously perform an attitude control task while flying in clouds and a head aiming task in a fixed-base flight simulator...

VR devices have recently been actively promoted as tools for knowledge workers and prior work has demonstrated that VR can support some knowledge worker tasks. However, only a few studies have explored the effects of prolonged use of VR such as a study observing 16 participants working in VR and a physical environment for one work-week each and reporting mainly on subjective feedback. As a nuanced understanding of participants' behavior in VR and how it evolves over time is still missing, we report on the results from an analysis of 559 hours of video material obtained in this prior study...

Users' perceived image quality of virtual reality head-mounted displays (VR HMDs) is determined by multiple factors, including the HMD's structure, optical system, display and render resolution, and users' visual acuity (VA). Existing metrics such as pixels per degree (PPD) have limitations that prevent accurate comparison of different VR HMDs. One of the main limitations is that not all VR HMD manufacturers released the official PPD or details of their HMDs' optical systems. Without these details, developers and users cannot know the precise PPD or calculate it for a given HMD...

Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE) is a virtual reality (VR) environment that has not been fully studied due to its high cost and complexity in system integration. Previous CAVE-related studies mainly focused on comparing its effectiveness with other learning media, such as textbooks, desktop VR, or head-mounted display (HMD) VR. In this study, through the utilization of CAVE in a meteorology class, we concentrated on CAVE itself, measured how CAVE impacted learners' learning outcomes before and after using CAVE in an actual ongoing undergraduate-level class, and investigated how learners perceived their learning experiences...

Light Attenuation Displays (LADs) are a type of Optical See-Through Head-Mounted Display (OST-HMD) that present images by attenuating incoming light with a pixel-wise polarizing color filter. Although LADs can display images in bright environments, there is a trade-off between the number of Spatial Light Modulators (SLMs) and the color gamut and contrast that can be expressed, making it difficult to achieve both high-fidelity image display and a small form factor. To address this problem, we propose StainedSweeper, a LAD that achieves both the wide color gamut and the variable intensity with a single SLM...

In Mixed Reality (MR), users' heads are largely (if not completely) occluded by the MR Head-Mounted Display (HMD) they are wearing. As a consequence, one cannot see their facial expressions and other communication cues when interacting locally. In this paper, we investigate how displaying virtual avatars' heads on-top of the (HMD-occluded) heads of participants in a Video See-Through (VST) Mixed Reality local collaborative task could improve their collaboration as well as social presence. We hypothesized that virtual heads would convey more communicative cues (such as eye direction or facial expressions) hidden by the MR HMDs and lead to better collaboration and social presence...

BACKGROUND: Virtual reality head-mounted display (VR-HMD) is increasingly used for balance evaluation and rehabilitation. However, more studies must be conducted on virtual environments (VE) effects. This study aimed to assess the impact of an outdoor VE projected in a high-quality VR-HMD and of the VR-HMD mass on postural stability, postural control and leaning. METHODS: This study involved ten healthy young men who performed five 30-s stabilometric trials. Four experimental conditions were randomly performed: eyes open (EO) or eyes closed (EC), with (VR) or without (No VR) VR-HMD...

Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing amino acid. An elevated level of Hcy is a risk factor for diabetes development. However, the mechanism of its effect on pancreatic β-cell function is unclear. In this study, we constructed a hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) mouse model by feeding mice a high methionine diet (HMD). The mice suffered impaired glucose tolerance and reduced insulin secretion. Furthermore, at the cellular level, INS1 cells exhibited impaired insulin secretory function after the Hcy intervention...

PURPOSE: Exposure to procedures varies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). A method to teach procedures should be available without patient availability, expert oversight, or simulation laboratories. To fill this need, we developed a virtual reality (VR) simulation for umbilical vein catheter (UVC) placement and sought to establish its face and content validity and usability. METHODS: Engineers, software developers, graphic designers, and neonatologists developed a VR UVC placement simulator following a participatory design approach...

Background and Objectives : Augmented reality head-mounted display (AR-HMD) is a novel technology that provides surgeons with a real-time CT-guided 3-dimensional recapitulation of a patient's spinal anatomy. In this case series, we explore the use of AR-HMD alongside more traditional robotic assistance in surgical spine trauma cases to determine their effect on operative costs and perioperative outcomes. Materials and Methods : We retrospectively reviewed trauma patients who underwent pedicle screw placement surgery guided by AR-HMD or robotic-assisted platforms at an academic tertiary care center between 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2022...

Head-mounted displays (HMDs) are becoming more and more popular as a device for displaying a virtual reality space, but how real are they? The present study attempted to quantitatively evaluate the degree of reality achieved with HMDs by using a perceptual phenomenon as a measure. Lightness constancy is an ability that is present in human visual perception, in which the perceived reflectance (i.e., the lightness) of objects appears to stay constant across illuminant changes. Studies on color/lightness constancy in humans have shown that the degree of constancy is high, in general, when real objects are used as stimuli...

Himalayan Musk deer, Moschus chrysogaster is widely distributed but one of the least studied species in Nepal. In this study, we compiled a total of 429 current presence points of direct observation of the species, pellets droppings, and hoofmarks based on field-based surveys during 2018-2021 and periodic data held by the Department of National Park and Wildlife Conservation. We developed the species distribution model using an ensemble modeling approach. We used a combination of bioclimatic, anthropogenic, topographic, and vegetation-related variables to predict the current suitable habitat for Himalayan Musk deer in Nepal...

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluates the feasibility of an augmented reality (AR) head-mounted device (HMD) displaying a dynamic navigation system (DNS) in the surgical site for fiber post-removal in maxillary molars and compares it to the DNS technique. METHODS: Fifty maxillary first molars were divided into two groups: AR HMD + DNS (n=25) and DNS (n=25). The palatal canal was restored with RelyX fiber post (3M ESPE) luted with RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE). A core buildup was performed using Paracore (Coltene/Whaledent)...

Although the brain can discriminate between various sweet substances, the underlying neural mechanisms of this complex behavior remain elusive. This study examines the role of the anterior paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (aPVT) in governing sweet preference in mice. We fed the mice six different diets with equal sweetness for six weeks: control diet (CD), high sucrose diet (HSD), high stevioside diet (HSSD), high xylitol diet (HXD), high glycyrrhizin diet (HGD), and high mogroside diet (HMD). The mice exhibited a marked preference specifically for the HSD and HSSD...

Introduction: Communication from automated vehicles (AVs) to pedestrians using augmented reality (AR) could positively contribute to traffic safety. However, previous AR research for pedestrians was mainly conducted through online questionnaires or experiments in virtual environments instead of real ones. Methods: In this study, 28 participants conducted trials outdoors with an approaching AV and were supported by four different AR interfaces. The AR experience was created by having participants wear a Varjo XR-3 headset with see-through functionality, with the AV and AR elements virtually overlaid onto the real environment...

Global interest in applying virtual reality (VR) in research and medicine has grown significantly, with potential benefits for patients suffering from balance disorders, instability, and a high risk of falling. This exploratory study assesses the impact of immersive VR (IVR) delivered through a head-mounted display (HMD) on balance and explores the feasibility of using the HMD VR unit as a standalone posturography tool. Using the Meta Quest 2 HMD and a mid-range Android smartphone equipped with standard sensors, the research employed a VR environment that simulated a ship at sea, with thirty-eight healthy participants with no otoneurologic abnormalities...

BACKGROUND: Ophthalmic microscopes have been crucial in visualizing surgical fields, but their limitations in enhancing the surgical view through digital image processing have prompted the development of digital surgical microscopes. The Beyeonics One microscope, a novel digital microscope, offers ophthalmic surgeons a 3D visualization platform and an augmented reality (AR) surgical headset, potentially improving surgical decision-making and outcomes. While its initial use has been described in cataract and corneal surgeries, its application in vitreoretinal surgery remains relatively unexplored...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Shigella infection is a public health problem responsible for approximately 700,000 deaths annually. The management of this disease is impaired by the emergence of multidrug-resistant Shigella species, highlighting the urgent need to search for alternative treatment options. In this regard, investigating medicinal plants traditionally used for the treatment of dysentery, diarrheal infections, and/or associated symptoms in endemic regions might provide an opportunity to identify phytochemicals that could be further used as a basis for the development of future anti-shigella drug candidates...