Hepatitic c

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Genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) can vary over the years between different patient groups and regions. The prevalence of intravenous drug users (IVDU) is known to increase in our country, yet there are a limited number of studies investigating the distribution of HCV genotypes in this group. These data are essential for monitorization of the changes in HCV epidemiology. The present study aimed to evaluate the five-year results of HCV genotyping among patients infected with HCV related to IVDU and unrelated to drug use...

The publication of the Screening Guidelines for Hepatitis C Virus Infection represents a significant milestone in the path towards eliminating this infectious condition. As early as 2015, the National Health System Plan for Tackling Hepatits C (Plan estratégico para el abordaje de la hepatitis C - PEAHC) pointed out the need to define a screening policy. The Health Ministry has managed to bring together all the actors involved, and to create a technical document that represents a benchmark in the definition of the actions needed to identify and bring treatment closer to a significant number of patients diagnosed with hepatitis C who remain untreated...

OBJECTIVES: Substance use disorder is a global challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to provide an updated view of socio-demographic characteristics and patterns of substance use in Oman. METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted between 2004 and 2018. Data were retrieved from Oman's National Drug Addict Registry. The data collected included the socio-demographic characteristics of registered cases, the proportion of various psychoactive substances' consumption and their routes of administration, the associated sociodemographic determinants as well as comorbid conditions...

OBJECTIF: La présente directive clinique révisée met à jour les renseignements sur la prestation de soins aux femmes atteintes d'une infection virale chronique devant se soumettre à un test diagnostique fœtal intra-utérin. POPULATION CIBLE: Femmes atteintes d'une infection virale chronique qui sont enceintes ou prévoient le devenir. OPTIONS: Tests de dépistage non invasifs à des fins diagnostiques : marqueurs placentaires sériques maternels avec ou sans mesure de la clarté nucale, échographie, ADN fœtal libre circulant dans le sang maternel; et tests diagnostiques fœtaux intra-utérins : amniocentèse, biopsie choriale (choriocentèse), cordocentèse...

The World Health Organization has set a goal to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as public health threat by 2030. Although the advent of highly effective and tolerable direct-acting antiviral therapy has paved the way for HCV elimination, most people with HCV infection remain undiagnosed and untreated globally, with striking disparities between high-income and low- to middle-income countries. Novel decentralized and cost-effective "test-and-treat" strategies are critically needed to identify the millions of people unaware of their status and link them to treatment...

Non-alphabetical hepatitis (Epstein Barr virus -EBV-, cytomegalovirus -CMV-, Herpes simplex virus -HSV-, varicella zoster virus -VZV-etc.) may be a mode of revelation of several underlying chronic liver diseases including autoimmune hepatitis (HAI). We report a peculiar case of acute EBV hepatitis, revealing type I autoimmune hepatitis confirmed by liver biopsy through puncture in a female patient on breast cancer treatment. The study involved a 29-year-old female patient on breast cancer treatment scheduled to receive radiotherapy and chemotherapy, hospitalized for acute severe hepatitis (fever with jaundice, hypertransaminasemia (normal AST level 47 and normal ALT level 23 and prothrombin activity 25%)...

Exosomes seem to play an important role in hepatits C virus (HCV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection by shielding their cargo from the host immune responses, with microRNAs being key exosomal components. Little is known about their involvement in a mixed HCV/HEV infection or at the early stages of infection, such as in asymptomatic blood donors (BDs). To obtain preliminary data, we have compared the exosomal microRNA expression profiles in four each of HCV RNA-positive, HEV RNA-positive and negative blood donors and four patients, one of whom was a rare patient with HCV/HEV co-infection...

Hepatits C virus (HCV) infection has been largely associated with extrahepatic comorbidities such as diseases related to dysregulation of the immune system, neuropsychiatric disorders, and cardiometabolic alterations. These clinical consequences, together with experimental evidence, suggest a potential (in)direct effect of HCV, contributing to the pathogenesis of these diseases. Various studies have reported a positive effect of viral eradication on occurrence and outcomes of extrahepatic diseases. These observations and the availability of safe and effective direct antiviral agents further underline the need to search for virological eradication in all infected individuals independent of the severity of the liver disease...

BACKGROUND: The incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients with lichen planus (LP) varies considerably. Currently, there is more evidence for the association between hepatitic C and oral LP (OLP) than cutaneous LP (CLP). There is also lack of data on the Polish population. The study aimed at assessing the prevalence of HCV infection and liver test abnormalities among patients with CLP in south Poland. METHODS: Eighty-four patients with CLP and 130 patients with other dermatoses (controls) were included in this retrospective case-control study...

Emergence of new molecules acting directly on the hepatitic C virus (HCV) has improved treatment outcomes. However, there is a risk of selecting viral escape mutants, so a new combination is needed using different inhibitors that target different steps of the HCV infectious cycle. Novel single tablet formulations were developed: Dactavira, composed of sofosbuvir (SOF) 400 mg/daclatisvir (DCV) 60 mg/epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) 400 mg without ribavirin (RBV); and Dactavira plus, which includes RBV 800 mg...

Scleromyxedema (SM) was previously known to be associated with monoclonal gammopathy. The association of SM and its counterpart lichen myxedematosus (LM) with chronic hepatitis has rarely been reported. We retrospectively reviewed medical records and histopathological reports of consecutive patients who presented at our department with the diagnosis of SM or LM from January 2001 to September 2017. The patients' demographic details, cutaneous presentation, associated underlying diseases and hepatitic profile were studied and compared with previous published cases...

INTRODUCTION: Post-operative infections in patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. This study aims to develop a practical and efficient prognostic index for early identification and possible prediction of post-transplant infections using risk factors identified by multivariate analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred patients with post-hepatitic cirrhosis, HCV positive, genotype 4, Child B/C or MELD score 13-25 undergoing LDLT were included...

OBJECTIVES: Although common among patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV), sleep disturbances (SD) are still poorly documented in this population in the HCV cure era. This longitudinal study aimed at analysing SD in HIV-HCV coinfected patients and identifying their clinical and sociobehavioural correlates. METHODS: We used 5-year annual follow-up data from 1047 participants in the French National Agency for Research on Aids and Viral Hepatitis Cohort 13 'Hépatite et VIH' (ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH) cohort of HIV-HCV coinfected patients to identify clinical (medical records) and behavioural (self-administered questionnaires) correlates of SD (mixed-effects logistic regression)...

OBJECTIVE: The ideal therapy for chronic hepatitis C is the use of direct acting antivirals (DAA). In Peru there is no data in this aspect, in that sense it is necessary to report real life experience with these drugs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A digital survey was sent through e-mail to hepatologists, and the data of four is considered in this study. Statistical analysis was descriptive. RESULTS: We included 63 patients, mean age was 59 years, 49...

BACKGROUND: Although direct-acting antivirals have been used extensively to treat patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, their clinical effectiveness has not been well reported. We compared the incidence of death, hepatocellular carcinoma, and decompensated cirrhosis between patients treated with direct-acting antivirals and those untreated, in the French ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort. METHODS: We did a prospective study in adult patients with chronic HCV infection enrolled from 32 expert hepatology centres in France...

OBJECTIVES: We examined trends in the incidence rates of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) and in the rate of survival after ICC among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in France and compared them to those of the general population. METHODS: Histologically validated incident cases of ICC in the period 1992-2009 from the French Hospital Database on HIV (FHDH-ANRS CO4) were included in the study. Age-standardized incidence rates were estimated for FHDH and the general population in France for 1992-1996 [pre-combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) period], 1997-2000 (early cART period), 2001-2004 (intermediate cART period), and 2005-2009 (late cART period)...

OBJECTIVES: High rates of clinical acute rejection after kidney transplantation have been reported in people living with HIV (PLHIV), probably as a consequence of drug interactions. We therefore investigated the incidence of acute rejection within 6 months of transplantation in HIV-infected recipients treated with a protease-inhibitor-free raltegravir-based regimen. METHODS: The Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (ANRS) 153 TREVE (NCT01453192) study was a prospective multicentre single-arm trial in adult PLHIV awaiting kidney transplantation, with viral load < 50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, CD4 T-cell count > 200 cells/μL, and HIV-1 strains sensitive to raltegravir, aiming to demonstrate 6-month clinical acute rejection rates < 30%...

There is an inadequacy of relevant animal models to study non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis. Here, we co-administered thioacetamide (TH) along with fast food diet (FFD) to C57BL/6 J mice for eight weeks. The treatments were: a) standard chow, SC b) FFD c) FFD + TH [75 mg/kg], FTH d) SC + TH [150 mg/kg], STH for 8 weeks. In in-vitro model, Hep3B cells were exposed to palmitic acid (PA) and TH viz. PA (0.25 mM) + TH (25 mM), PA (0.5 mM) alone and TH (50 mM) alone for 12 h, later supernatant media was transferred to LX-2 cells, for another 12 h...

Background: Atazanavir is a PI widely used as a third agent in combination ART. We aimed to determine the prevalence and the patterns of resistance in PI-naive patients failing on an atazanavir-based regimen. Methods: We analysed patients failing on an atazanavir-containing regimen used as a first line of PI therapy. We compared the sequences of reverse transcriptase and protease before the introduction of atazanavir and at failure [two consecutive viral loads (VLs) >50 copies/mL]...