keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531718/an-atmospheric-water-harvesting-system-based-on-the-optimal-harvesting-window-design-for-worldwide-water-production
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Li, Zhao Shao, Qihong Zou, Quanwen Pan, Yao Zhao, Yaohui Feng, Wenwen Wang, Ruzhu Wang, Tianshu Ge
Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is a promising solution to the water shortage problem. Current sorption-based AWH (SAWH) systems seldom obtain both wide climatic adaptability and high energy efficiency due to the lack of thermodynamic optimization. To achieve the ideal harvesting circulation in SAWH systems, the "optimal harvesting window" (OHW) design based on thermodynamic analysis was first proposed and validated by our prototype. The "OHW" theory indicates the water production rate and energy efficiency could be improved by properly reducing the adsorption temperature...
March 9, 2024: Science Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531315/self-recognition-from-touching-the-body-to-knowing-the-self
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karen E Adolph, Catherine S Tamis-LeMonda
Recognizing oneself in a mirror is a classic test of self-concept. A new study has revealed the perceptual-motor foundations of conceptual self-knowledge: infants' success in the mirror test was accelerated after touching a tactile stimulus while viewing themselves in a mirror.
March 25, 2024: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530804/senescent-adipocytes-and-type-2-diabetes-current-knowledge-and-perspective-concepts
#23
REVIEW
Weronika Kruczkowska, Julia Gałęziewska, Mateusz Kciuk, Adrianna Gielecińska, Elżbieta Płuciennik, Zbigniew Pasieka, Lin-Yong Zhao, Yi-Jin Yu, Damian Kołat, Żaneta Kałuzińska-Kołat
Among civilization diseases, the number of individuals suffering from type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is expected to increase to more than a billion in less than 20 years, which is associated with, e.g., populational aging, poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, genetic predispositions, and immunological factors. T2DM affects many organs and is characterized by insulin resistance, high glucose levels, and adipocyte dysfunction, which are related to senescence. Although this type of cellular aging has beneficial biological functions, it can also act unfavorable since senescent adipocytes resist apoptosis, enhance cytokine secretion, downregulate cell identity genes, and acquire the senescence-associated secretory phenotype that renders a more oxidative environment...
January 1, 2024: Biomolecular Concepts
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530482/precarious-employment-and-mental-health-in-the-belgian-service-voucher-system-the-role-of-working-conditions-and-perceived-financial-strain
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christophe Vanroelen, Eva Padrosa Sayeras, Jessie Gevaert, Kelly Huegaerts, Mattias Vos, Kim Bosmans
INTRODUCTION: Jobs in domestic cleaning are often conceived as 'precarious employment' (PE)-i.e. a multidimensional concept referring to accumulated adverse characteristics of employment due to workers' weak bargaining position. Against this background, the Belgian service voucher system (SVS) was implemented aimed at creating formal and stable, subsidized domestic services jobs. PURPOSE: The current study assesses the relationship between PE and mental health (WHO5) in the Belgian SVS, accounting for the potential mediating role of working conditions and perceived financial strain at the household level...
March 26, 2024: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530382/-telemedicine-for-patients-with-facial-palsy-current-developments-and-options-in-otorhinolaryngologic-treatment
#25
REVIEW
Jonas Ballmaier, Sabrina Hölzer, Maren Geitner, Anna-Maria Kuttenreich, Christian Erfurth, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Gerd Fabian Volk
Digitalization is also becoming increasingly important in medicine. The COVID-19 pandemic has further accelerated this process and politicians are trying to create a framework for successful knowledge transfer and better digital medical care. This article describes the role of telemedicine in the treatment of patients suffering from facial nerve palsy. Facial nerve palsy has a wide range of effects, from limitations in facial mobility to psychological sequelae. While many of the acute, idiopathic facial nerve palsies improve after a few weeks, around a third of those affected develop synkinesis, involuntary movements that have lifelong functional and psychological consequences...
March 26, 2024: HNO
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530167/the-concept-of-state-fishes-of-india-current-status-knowledge-gaps-and-strategic-plans-for-conservation-and-sustainable-utilization
#26
REVIEW
Uttam Kumar Sarkar, Ayyathurai Kathirvelpandian, Ganesan Kantharajan, Lalit Kumar Tyagi, Wazir Singh Lakra
The concept of "state fishes of India" highlights the importance and significance of the prioritized fish species distributed across various states within the country. This review article systematically documents the current status of state fishes from various perspectives, identifies the prevailing knowledge gaps, and also highlights the issues and strategic plans essential for the conservation and sustainable utilization of these valuable genetic resources. A total of 8357 publications were checked for the consolidated information on state fish species, and the appropriate items were selected under eight categories: biology, physiology and nutrition, aquaculture, habitat and environmental parameters, genetics and biotechnology, harvest and postharvest, fish health management, and others...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Fish Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530022/surface-enhanced-raman-scattering-using-2d-materials
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beatriz Pinto de Sousa, Sara Isabel Augusto Fateixa, Tito Trindade
The use of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) as a technique for detecting small amounts of (bio)chemical analytes has become increasingly popular in various fields. While gold and silver nanostructures have been extensively studied as SERS substrates, the availability of other types of substrates is currently expanding the applications of this spectroscopic method. Recently, researchers have begun exploring two-dimensional (2D) materials (e.g., graphene-like nanostructures) as substrates for SERS analysis...
March 26, 2024: Chemistry: a European Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529815/enhancement-factors-a-central-concept-during-50-years-of-surface-enhanced-raman-spectroscopy
#28
REVIEW
Eric C Le Ru, Baptiste Auguié
In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the core concepts around surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) enhancement factors (EFs), including both theoretical and experimental considerations: EF definitions, the distinction between maximum and average EFs, EF distribution and hot-spot localization, EF measurement and its order of magnitude. We then highlight some of the current challenges in this field, focusing on a selection of topics that we feel are both topical and important: analyte-capture onto a SERS substrate, surface-enhanced resonant Raman scattering, orientation/tensorial effects, and nonradiative effects...
March 26, 2024: ACS Nano
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529804/infectious-mononucleosis-new-concepts-in-clinical-presentation-epidemiology-and-host-response
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick Naughton, Frances Enright, Brigid Lucey
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an infectious disease that presents clinically in only a small percentage of individuals despite almost universal infection with the causative agent. Here, we review the latest concepts in the clinical presentation, epidemiology, and host response of this disease. RECENT FINDINGS: Several recently published papers/reviews describe IM as a condition caused by one of several etiologic agents including, cytomegalovirus (HHV-5), Roseola virus (HHV-6) and Toxoplasmosis amongst others; this review focuses on IM as solely caused by the human herpes virus 4 (HHV-4)...
March 27, 2024: Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529746/ultra-thin-gaas-single-junction-solar-cells-for-self-powered-skin-compatible-electrocardiogram-sensors
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yonghyun Nam, Dongjoon Shin, Jun-Gyu Choi, Inho Lee, Sunghyun Moon, Yeojun Yun, Won-June Lee, Ikmo Park, Sungjun Park, Jaejin Lee
GaAs thin-film solar cells have high efficiency, reliability, and operational stability, making them a promising solution for self-powered skin-conformal biosensors. However, inherent device thickness limits suitability for such applications, making them uncomfortable and unreliable in flexural environments. Therefore, reducing the flexural rigidity becomes crucial for integration with skin-compatible electronic devices. Herein, this study demonstrated a novel one-step surface modification bonding methodology, allowing a streamlined transfer process of ultra-thin (2...
March 26, 2024: Small Methods
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529723/chemical-synthesis-of-modified-rna
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laurin Flemmich, Raphael Bereiter, Ronald Micura
Ribonucleic acids play a vital role in living organisms. Many of their cellular functions depend critically on chemical modification. Methods to modify RNA in a controlled manner - both in vitro and in vivo - are thus essential to evaluate and understand RNA biology at the molecular and mechanistic levels. The diversity of modifications, combined with the size and uniformity of RNA (made up of only 4 nucleotides) makes its site-specific modification a challenging task that needs to be addressed by complementary approaches...
March 26, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529267/interpersonal-neural-synchrony-and-mental-disorders-unlocking-potential-pathways-for-clinical-interventions
#32
Kerstin Konrad, Christian Gerloff, Simon H Kohl, David M A Mehler, Lena Mehlem, Emily L Volbert, Maike Komorek, Alina T Henn, Maren Boecker, Eileen Weiss, Vanessa Reindl
INTRODUCTION: Interpersonal synchronization involves the alignment of behavioral, affective, physiological, and brain states during social interactions. It facilitates empathy, emotion regulation, and prosocial commitment. Mental disorders characterized by social interaction dysfunction, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD), and Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), often exhibit atypical synchronization with others across multiple levels. With the introduction of the "second-person" neuroscience perspective, our understanding of interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) has improved, however, so far, it has hardly impacted the development of novel therapeutic interventions...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528750/dietary-supplement-induced-hepatotoxicity-a-clinical-perspective
#33
REVIEW
Jordan Carty, Victor J Navarro
The consumption of dietary supplements (DS) has resulted in a significant and escalating number of cases involving liver injury. It is crucial for clinicians and consumers to be well informed about the adverse effects of such products, leading to their discontinuation and timely reporting of any harmful cases. This article delves into the clinical perspective of DS-related hepatotoxicity, highlighting key concepts such as a systematic diagnostic approach. The discussion extends to notable examples of both currently popular and potential future dietary supplements, such as garcinia cambogia, turmeric, and ashwagandha, accompanied by an overview of recent findings...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Dietary Supplements
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528344/characterization-of-cellular-responses-and-cell-lysis-to-elevated-hydrodynamic-stress-from-benchtop-perfusion-bioreactors
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weijian Zhang, Qingyuan Ran, Liang Zhao, Qian Ye, Wen-Song Tan
The effective design of perfusion cell culture is currently challenging regarding balancing the operating parameters associated with the hydrodynamic conditions due to increased system complexity. To address this issue, cellular responses of an industrial CHO cell line to different types of hydrodynamic stress in benchtop perfusion bioreactors originating from agitation, sparging, and hollow fibers (HF) in the cell retention devices were systematically investigated here with the analysis of cell lysis. It was found that cell lysis was very common and most associated with the sparging stress, followed by the HF and lastly the agitation, consequently heavily impacting the estimation of process descriptors related to biomass...
March 2024: Biotechnology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527808/pp2b-dependent-cerebellar-plasticity-sets-the-amplitude-of-the-vestibulo-ocular-reflex-during-juvenile-development
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bin Wu, Laura Post, Zhanmin Lin, Martijn Schonewille
Throughout life, the cerebellum plays a central role in the coordination and optimization of movements, using cellular plasticity to adapt a range of behaviors. Whether these plasticity processes establish a fixed setpoint during development, or continuously adjust behaviors throughout life, is currently unclear. Here, by spatiotemporally manipulating the activity of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B), an enzyme critical for cerebellar plasticity, in male and female mice, we examined the consequences of disrupted plasticity on the performance and adaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527577/autonomic-neuronal-modulations-in-cardiac-arrhythmias-current-concepts-and-emerging-therapies
#36
REVIEW
Ravina Rai, Virendra Singh, Zaved Ahmad, Abhishek Jain, Deepali Jat, Siddhartha Kumar Mishra
The pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia that result in cardiac arrhythmias is related to the sustained complicated mechanisms of the autonomic nervous system. Atrial fibrillation is when the heart beats irregularly, and ventricular arrhythmias are rapid and inconsistent heart rhythms, which involves many factors including the autonomic nervous system. It's a complex topic that requires careful exploration. Cultivation of speculative knowledge on atrial fibrillation; the irregular rhythm of the heart and ventricular arrhythmias; rapid oscillating waves resulting from mistakenly inconsistent P waves, and the inclusion of an autonomic nervous system is an inconceivable approach toward clinical intricacies...
March 23, 2024: Physiology & Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526522/pharmacologic-prevention-and-therapy-of-postoperative-paralytic-ileus-after-gastrointestinal-cancer-surgery-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martin Reichert, Franziska Willis, Stefan Post, Martin Schneider, Tim Vilz, Maria Willis, Andreas Hecker
BACKGROUND: Postoperative paralytic ileus (POI) is a significant concern following gastrointestinal tumor surgery. Effective preventive and therapeutic strategies are crucial but remain elusive. Current evidence from randomized-controlled trials on pharmacological interventions for prevention or treatment of POI are systematically reviewed to guide clinical practice and future research. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Literature was systematically searched for prospective randomized-controlled trials testing pharmacological interventions for prevention or treatment of POI after gastrointestinal tumor surgery...
March 25, 2024: International Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526401/how-the-food-and-drug-administration-drug-approval-process-relates-to-the-potential-approval-of-intravenous-racemic-ketamine-for-treatment-resistant-major-depression
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sheldon H Preskorn
This column focuses on the status of intravenous racemic ketamine for the treatment of patients suffering from a form of major depressive disorder that does not respond to trials of currently available biogenic amine antidepressants. To provide context, the column reviews the 3 pivotal elements of the usual Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug approval process: (1) the unmet medical need (ie, the indication) for which the drug is being developed, (2) the efficacy of the drug for that condition, and (3) the safety/tolerability of the drug...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Psychiatric Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525820/measuring-teacher-identity-of-physicians-a-validation-study-of-a-questionnaire-instrument
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ann-Kathrin Schindler, Mareike Schimmel, Melissa Oezsoy, Thomas Rotthoff
BACKGROUND: Teacher identity is defined as a continuum of a person's self-conviction ('Identity is something I have') and a context-dependent action ('Identity is something I do in a context') (Lankveld et al. 2021). It has been identified a relevant contributor to physicians' teaching commitment. In this study, we further improve the currently only existing questionnaire instrument (37 items) measuring physicians' teacher identity. METHODS: Survey data on 147 clinicians at a German university hospital were (1) analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)...
December 31, 2024: Medical Education Online
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525290/experimental-scale-up-and-technoeconomic-assessment-of-low-grade-glycerol-purification-from-waste-based-biorefinery
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taha Attarbachi, Martin Kingsley, Vincenzo Spallina
The purification of waste-derived crude glycerol to the 2000 g scale is presented to provide a consolidated proof of concept. Starting from unprecedented low-quality glycerol from a second-generation biodiesel plant, currently disposed of at cost, a series of physiochemical steps are implemented to improve glycerol purity and recovery under relevant conditions. The study is carried out on two samples with initial purities of 38-57 wt % and ash contents of up to 16 wt %. Under the optimal process conditions, glycerol exhibits a remarkable increase to 85 wt % purity while preserving the overall glycerol recovery of the process of up to 71%...
March 20, 2024: Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
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