Shin splints prevention

Two long-distance runners developed MTSS (male age=26.3 years, female age=47.5 years) after baseline assessment of plantar flexor muscle structure and function and spatiotemporal running variables. B-mode ultrasound and lean leg girth characterized plantar flexor muscle structure. Hand-held dynamometry and a single-leg heel raise to failure protocol characterized plantar flexor muscle function. Finally, spatiotemporal running variables were determined during a treadmill protocol. The two runners who developed MTSS demonstrated less plantar flexor strength and endurance capacity than published comparative control data and marked variability in muscle structure...

BACKGROUND: Minerals play vital roles in physiologic processes. Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium are common minerals. Secretion, absorption and homeostasis of these minerals are affected by associations between the active vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess concentrations of vitamin D, PTH and minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in horse sera, as well as associations of these values with lameness in horses...

Autotransplantation is a potential treatment alternative when orthodontic traction of an impacted tooth is difficult. In this article, we describe two cases of guided autotransplantation of an impacted canine using a computer-aided designed and manufactured surgical template. The impacted canine was segmented on preoperative cone-beam computed tomography images to ensure a sufficient periodontal ligament space and placement of the donor tooth with the least pressure on it. The canine was virtually transposed using a simulation program considering the adjacent teeth...

Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS), usually referred to as "shin splints," is a common overuse injury of the lower extremities affecting a large percentage of athletes. A variety of factors can lead to shin splints, including overtraining, poor footwear, muscular imbalances at the ankle, overtight or weak triceps surae muscles, imbalances at the thoracolumbar complex, and a body mass index (BMI) above 30. Injuries present with diffuse palpable pain that is often described as a dull ache following exercise...

The purpose of this study was to assess which combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to running-related injury (RRI)among adolescent cross-country, track, and long-distance runners. We conducted a retrospective study at a hospital-affiliated sports injury prevention centre of 130 adolescent runners (F: 62.1%, M: 37.9%; cross-country: 34.1%, track: 56.1%, long-distance running: 9.8%) who underwent an Injury Prevention Evaluation between 2013 and 2021. The evaluation included a questionnaire on personal and training factors, and standardised physical assessments...

BACKGROUND: Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS) is one of the most common causes of exercise-associated lower leg pain in distance runners. AIM: To identify risk factors predictive of a history of MTSS in distance runners entering the Two Oceans Marathon races (21.1 km and 56 km). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: 2012 to 2015 Two Oceans Marathon races (21.1 km and 56 km). PARTICIPANTS: Consenting race entrants...

[Purpose] To develop assessment/rehabilitation indices for prevention of chronic and recurrent shin splint injuries among sport athletes, we analyzed the plantar center of pressure trajectories after drop-jump landing on one leg, and compared the foot function on the injured and healthy sides. [Participants and Methods] The participants were 10 female athletes who received consultation at our facility due to shin splints of the lower leg. The exercise task was the "single-leg drop jump landing test", in which the participants maintained a static posture on one leg for 8 s after landing...

BACKGROUND: Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is a common overuse injury that lacks effective evidence-based treatment options. Reduced leg girth has been associated with MTSS development because it is hypothesised to impair the ability of the leg to modulate tibial loading generated during foot-ground contact. Measuring total leg girth, however, does not provide specific information about the structural composition or functional capacity of individual leg muscles. Consequently, uncertainty remains as to which specific muscles are compromised and contribute to MTSS development...

BACKGROUND: Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is a common lower leg injury experienced by runners. Although numerous risk factors are reported in the literature, many are non-modifiable and management of the injury remains difficult. Lower leg muscle structure and function are modifiable characteristics that influence tibial loading during foot-ground contact. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether long-distance runners with MTSS displayed differences in in vivo lower leg muscle structure and function than matched asymptomatic runners...

BACKGROUND: Understanding the prevalence and factors associated with running-related injuries in middle school runners may guide injury prevention. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of running-related injuries and describe factors related to a history of injury. DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING: Survey distributed online to middle school runners. METHODS: Participants completed a web-based survey regarding prior running-related injuries, training, sleep, diet, and sport participation...

BACKGROUND: Bony stress injuries (BSIs) are common among adolescents involved in high school sports. A better understanding of factors that contribute to adolescent BSI is needed to target preventative measures. HYPOTHESIS: Individuals who suffer a BSI will demonstrate significant differences in training methods, sleep, diet, and history of injury compared with a healthy, noninjured control group. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiologic study...

OBJECTIVES: Foot pronation is considered as a potential risk factor of lower leg overuse injury. This study aimed to identify plantar pressure characteristics of elite athletes with exercise-induced leg pain in throwing athletic disciplines, and to verify the acute effect of taping for restricting foot pronation by analyzing the plantar pressure characteristics. METHODS: This study was designed as a description and comparison of throwing athletic athletes. Participants were divided into exercise-induced leg pain (ELP group, n = 17) and control groups (CON group, n = 14)...

Background: Lower extremity overuse injuries, including bone stress injuries (BSI), are common in runners and may result in prolonged recovery and time off from running. Identifying risk factors for running-related overuse injuries may have a clinically relevant role in prevention of these injuries. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare an adolescent and young adult population of male runners known to have a history of BSI with an injury-free cohort and retrospectively assess for kinematic differences that may differentiate the two cohorts...

[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the degree of straightness of the wrist joint, depending on the use of a wrist splint while opening a bottle cap. Its results may provide data for later studies on preventing accidents at workplaces and improving efficiency. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty Male and Female in their twenties who did not have hand-related diseases, fractures, or history that included neurological impairments associated with the hand were selected as subjects of the study. Wrist splints were made to fit the hand and lower arm of each subject...

UNLABELLED: Reference/Citation: Hamstra-Wright KL, Bliven KC, Bay C. Risk factors for medial tibial stress syndrome in physically active individuals such as runners and military personnel: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2015;49(6):362-369. CLINICAL QUESTION: What factors put physically active individuals at risk to develop medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS)? DATA SOURCES: The authors performed a literature search of CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, and MEDLINE from each database's inception to July 2013...

In brief: This case report presents an unusual complication in a distance runner who was treated for the shin splint syndrome. Following release of the deep posterior fascial compartment, he had mild erythema and swelling in the region of his incision. He could not bear full weight on his left leg because of pain. An arteriogram obtained approximately six months later showed an arteriovenous fistula, which was subsequently treated with resection and neurolysis of the saphenous nerve. The patient improved but did not reach his previous level of athletic performance...

Topical application of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) is considered to accelerate tissue repair of impaired chronic wounds. However, the vast literature is plagued with conflicting reports of its efficacy in animal models and this is often influenced by a wide array of experimental variables making it difficult to compare the results across the studies. To mitigate the confounding variables that influence the efficacy of topically applied PDGF-BB, we used a controlled full thickness splinted excisional wound model in db/db mice (type 2 diabetic mouse model) for our investigations...

With millions of children participating in high-intensity sports activities at a young age, overuse injuries are seen commonly by family physicians. Little Leaguer's shoulder, swimmer's shoulder, Little Leaguer's elbow, snapping hip, and shin splints are 5 overuse injuries frequently sustained by pediatric athletes. Physicians managing these injuries require a basic understanding of the underlying sport-related strain on the body. Diagnosis is clinical for most patients, and management typically is conservative...

Stress injury to the distal humerus has been reported as a cause of chronic arm pain among competitive tennis players. As the serve is technically similar to an overhead throwing motion, it is conceivable that this injury could occur in other overhead athletes. Overuse injuries, including rotator cuff tears, ulnar collateral ligament injuries, and joint sprains have routinely been reported in quarterbacks, but there are few reported cases of upper extremity bony stress injuries in these athletes. Magnetic resonance imaging aids in the diagnostic evaluation of an upper extremity injury as it can identify numerous structural injuries and early stress changes within bone...

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