keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522823/the-lps-inactivating-enzyme-acyloxyacyl-hydrolase-protects-the-brain-from-experimental-stroke
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuanbo Zhu, Yue Hu, Zhongwang Liu, Luping Chang, Xue Geng, Xuhui Yin, Bing-Qiao Zhao, Wenying Fan
Blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption is a pathological hallmark of ischemic stroke, and inflammation occurring at the BBB contributes to the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a cell wall component of Gram-negative bacteria, is elevated in patients with acute stroke. The activity of LPS is controlled by acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH), a host enzyme that deacylates LPS to inactivated forms. However, whether AOAH influences the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke remain elusive. We performed in vivo experiments to explore the role and mechanism of AOAH on neutrophil extravasation, BBB disruption, and brain infarction...
March 22, 2024: Translational Research: the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522595/socially-mediated-activation-in-the-snake-social-decision-making-network
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Morgan Skinner, Dania Daanish, Chelsey Damphousse, Randolph W Krohmer, Paul Mallet, Bruce McKay, Noam Miller
Brain areas important for social perception, social reward, and social behavior - collectively referred to as the social-decision-making network (SDN) - appear to be highly conserved across taxa. These brain areas facilitate a variety of social behaviors such as conspecific approach/avoidance, aggression, mating, parental care, and recognition. Although the SDN has been investigated across taxa, little is known about its functioning in reptiles. Research on the snake SDN may provide important new insights, as snakes have a keen social perceptual system and express a relatively reduced repertoire of social behaviors...
March 22, 2024: Behavioural Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522025/potential-function-of-3-5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl-alcohol-from-pacific-oyster-crassostrea-gigas-in-brain-of-old-mice
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
MinYu Chen, Min Liu, JingHong Chen, Xinwei Liu, LiWei Tang, Chao Wang, Ziniu Yu, Yang Zhang, Jing Tian
SCOPE: 3,5-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (DHMBA) is found in oyster extracts in recent years and is reported to have antioxidant activity. Although it has been reported to be protective in various models of oxidative stress, the therapeutic effect of DHMBA on neurological damage caused by aging remains to be demonstrated. METHODS AND RESULTS: The present study investigates the potential functions of DHMBA in brain of old C57BL/6J mice and aging cell model...
March 24, 2024: Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521950/navigating-the-metabolic-maze-anomalies-in-fatty-acid-and-cholesterol-processes-in-alzheimer-s-astrocytes
#24
REVIEW
Xiaoyu Zhang, Chuanying Chen, Yi Liu
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, and its underlying mechanisms have been a subject of great interest. The mainstream theory of AD pathology suggests that the disease is primarily associated with tau protein and amyloid-beta (Aβ). However, an increasing body of research has revealed that abnormalities in lipid metabolism may be an important event throughout the pathophysiology of AD. Astrocytes, as important members of the lipid metabolism network in the brain, play a significant role in this event...
March 23, 2024: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521161/myeloperoxidase-to-high-density-lipoprotein-ratio-potential-predictor-of-severity-and-outcome-in-patients-with-acute-ischemic-stroke
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Penghong Li, Cailang Niu, Xueqing Du, Mina Zhao, Haobo Wang, Debo Yang, Yuan Li, Wei Jing
OBJECTIVE: As a new marker of inflammation and lipid metabolism, the ratio of myeloperoxidase to high density lipoprotein (MPO/HDL) has been reported in the field of cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of MPO/HDL on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is not clear. The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic value of MPO/HDL level in patients with AIS. METHODS: This study conducted a retrospective analysis of 363 patients diagnosed with AIS. Stroke severity was assessed by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)...
March 21, 2024: Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520845/association-between-degree-centrality-and-neurocognitive-impairments-in-patients-with-schizophrenia-a-longitudinal-rs-fmri-study
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shixuan Feng, Yuanyuan Huang, Hongxin Lu, Hehua Li, Sumiao Zhou, Hanna Lu, Yangdong Feng, Yuping Ning, Wei Han, Qing Chang, Ziyun Zhang, Chenyu Liu, Junhao Li, Kai Wu, Fengchun Wu
BACKGROUND: Evidence indicates that patients with schizophrenia (SZ) experience significant changes in their functional connectivity during antipsychotic treatment. Despite previous reports of changes in brain network degree centrality (DC) in patients with schizophrenia, the relationship between brain DC changes and neurocognitive improvement in patients with SZ after antipsychotic treatment remains elusive. METHODS: A total of 74 patients with acute episodes of chronic SZ and 53 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited...
March 5, 2024: Journal of Psychiatric Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519794/perinatal-compromise-affects-development-form-and-function-of-the-hippocampus-part-one-clinical-studies
#27
REVIEW
Tegan A White, Suzanne L Miller, Amy E Sutherland, Beth J Allison, Emily J Camm
The hippocampus is a neuron-rich specialised brain structure that plays a central role in the regulation of emotions, learning and memory, cognition, spatial navigation, and motivational processes. In human fetal development, hippocampal neurogenesis is principally complete by mid-gestation, with subsequent maturation comprising dendritogenesis and synaptogenesis in the third trimester of pregnancy and infancy. Dendritogenesis and synaptogenesis underpin connectivity. Hippocampal development is exquisitely sensitive to perturbations during pregnancy and at birth...
March 22, 2024: Pediatric Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519398/the-power-of-many-brains-catalyzing-neuropsychiatric-discovery-through-open-neuroimaging-data-and-large-scale-collaboration
#28
REVIEW
Bin Lu, Xiao Chen, Francisco Xavier Castellanos, Paul M Thompson, Xi-Nian Zuo, Yu-Feng Zang, Chao-Gan Yan
Recent advances in open neuroimaging data are enhancing our comprehension of neuropsychiatric disorders. By pooling images from various cohorts, statistical power has increased, enabling the detection of subtle abnormalities and robust associations, and fostering new research methods. Global collaborations in imaging have furthered our knowledge of the neurobiological foundations of brain disorders and aided in imaging-based prediction for more targeted treatment. Large-scale magnetic resonance imaging initiatives are driving innovation in analytics and supporting generalizable psychiatric studies...
March 6, 2024: Science Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519008/age-related-changes-in-meningeal-lymphatic-function-are-closely-associated-with-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-c-expression
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qi Liu, Cheng Wu, Qian Ding, Xiang-Yu Liu, Ni Zhang, Jun-Hui Shen, Zi-Tong Ou, Tuo Lin, Hong-Xiang Zhu, Yue Lan, Guang-Qing Xu
Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) have crucial roles in removing metabolic waste and toxic proteins from the brain and transporting them to the periphery. Aged mice show impaired meningeal lymphatic function. Nevertheless, as the disease progresses, and significant pathological changes manifest in the brain, treating the condition becomes increasingly challenging. Therefore, investigating the alterations in the structure and function of MLVs in the early stages of aging is critical for preventing age-related central nervous system degenerative diseases...
March 20, 2024: Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518652/potential-of-psma-targeting-radioligand-therapy-for-malignant-primary-and-secondary-brain-tumours-using-super-selective-intra-arterial-administration-a-single-centre-open-label-non-randomised-prospective-imaging-study
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ilanah J Pruis, Pieter Jan van Doormaal, Rutger K Balvers, Martin J van den Bent, Anita A Harteveld, Linda C de Jong, Mark W Konijnenberg, Marcel Segbers, Roelf Valkema, Frederik A Verburg, Marion Smits, Sophie E M Veldhuijzen van Zanten
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to provide quantitative evidence for the potential of PSMA-targeting radioligand therapy (RLT) as treatment approach for malignant brain tumours, and to explore whether tumour uptake could be enhanced by super-selective intra-arterial (ssIA)-administration. METHODS: Ten patients (n = 5 high-grade glioma, n = 5 brain metastasis) received 1.5 MBq/kg [68 Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 intravenously and, within 7 days, intra-arterially (i...
March 21, 2024: EBioMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517747/a-perspective-on-psychedelics-as-treatments-for-addictions-past-present-and-future
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Nutt, Celia Morgan, Sukhpreet Klaire
This Perspectives piece gives a brief overview on the last 70 years of psychedelic research in relation to the treatment of mental illness with a particular focus on addictions. We briefly precis the work in the 19650s/60s that started following the discovery of LSD. Then we overview research developments over the past twenty years driven by emerging neuroscience on these agents, the rise of MDMA use in psychotherapy and the emergence of ketamine as a treatment for mental illnesses. We then briefly outline new research on the brain mechanisms of these therapeutic effects...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517382/pathophysiology-of-severe-burn-injuries-new-therapeutic-opportunities-from-a-systems-perspective
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geoffrey P Dobson, Jodie L Morris, Hayley L Letson
Severe burn injury elicits a profound stress response with the potential for high morbidity and mortality. If polytrauma is present, patient outcomes appear to be worse. Sex-based comparisons indicate females have worse outcomes than males. There are few effective drug therapies to treat burn shock and secondary injury progression. The lack of effective drugs appears to arise from the current treat-as-you-go approach rather than a more integrated systems approach. In this review, we present a brief history of burns research and discuss its pathophysiology from a systems' perspective...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Burn Care & Research: Official Publication of the American Burn Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517178/quantification-of-mediation-effects-of-white-matter-functional-characteristics-on-cognitive-decline-in-aging
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muwei Li, Kurt G Schilling, Fei Gao, Lyuan Xu, Soyoung Choi, Yurui Gao, Zhongliang Zu, Adam W Anderson, Zhaohua Ding, Bennett A Landman, John C Gore
Cognitive decline with aging involves multifactorial processes, including changes in brain structure and function. This study focuses on the role of white matter functional characteristics, as reflected in blood oxygenation level-dependent signals, in age-related cognitive deterioration. Building on previous research confirming the reproducibility and age-dependence of blood oxygenation level-dependent signals acquired via functional magnetic resonance imaging, we here employ mediation analysis to test if aging affects cognition through white matter blood oxygenation level-dependent signal changes, impacting various cognitive domains and specific white matter regions...
March 1, 2024: Cerebral Cortex
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516412/thyroid-hormone-action-in-adult-neurogliogenic-niches-the-known-and-unknown
#34
REVIEW
Victor Valcárcel-Hernández, Steffen Mayerl, Ana Guadaño-Ferraz, Sylvie Remaud
Over the last decades, thyroid hormones (THs) signaling has been established as a key signaling cue for the proper maintenance of brain functions in adult mammals, including humans. One of the most fascinating roles of THs in the mature mammalian brain is their ability to regulate adult neurogliogenic processes. In this respect, THs control the generation of new neuronal and glial progenitors from neural stem cells (NSCs) as well as their final differentiation and maturation programs. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the cellular organization of adult rodent neurogliogenic niches encompassing well-established niches in the subventricular zone (SVZ) lining the lateral ventricles, the hippocampal subgranular zone (SGZ), and the hypothalamus, but also less characterized niches in the striatum and the cerebral cortex...
2024: Frontiers in Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514702/the-neural-and-cognitive-basis-of-expository-text-comprehension
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Timothy A Keller, Robert A Mason, Aliza E Legg, Marcel Adam Just
As science and technology rapidly progress, it becomes increasingly important to understand how individuals comprehend expository technical texts that explain these advances. This study examined differences in individual readers' technical comprehension performance and differences among texts, using functional brain imaging to measure regional brain activity while students read passages on technical topics and then took a comprehension test. Better comprehension of the technical passages was related to higher activation in regions of the left inferior frontal gyrus, left superior parietal lobe, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and bilateral hippocampus...
March 21, 2024: NPJ Science of Learning
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514500/optimizing-motion-imagery-classification-with-limited-channels-using-the-common-spatial-pattern-based-integrated-algorithm
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shishi Chen, Xugang Xi, Ting Wang, Hangcheng Li, Maofeng Wang, Lihua Li, Zhong Lü
The extraction of effective classification features from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in motor imagery is a popular research topic. The Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) algorithm is widely employed in this field. However, the performance of the traditional CSP method depends significantly on the choice of a specific frequency band and channel number of EEG data. Furthermore, inter-class variance among these frequency bands and the limited number of available EEG channels can adversely affect the CSP algorithm's ability to extract meaningful features from the relevant signal frequency bands...
March 22, 2024: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514304/unlocking-mechanosensitivity-integrins-in-neural-adaptation
#37
REVIEW
Fanny Jaudon, Lorenzo A Cingolani
Mechanosensitivity extends beyond sensory cells to encompass most neurons in the brain. Here, we explore recent research on the role of integrins, a diverse family of adhesion molecules, as crucial biomechanical sensors translating mechanical forces into biochemical and electrical signals in the brain. The varied biomechanical properties of neuronal integrins, including their force-dependent conformational states and ligand interactions, dictate their specific functions. We discuss new findings on how integrins regulate filopodia and dendritic spines, shedding light on their contributions to synaptic plasticity, and explore recent discoveries on how they engage with metabotropic receptors and ion channels, highlighting their direct participation in electromechanical transduction...
March 20, 2024: Trends in Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514134/-japanese-national-plan-for-promotion-of-measures-against-stroke-and-cardiovascular-diseases-and-data-based-health-management-initiatives
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koji Iihara
This review outlines the recent advances in stroke and cardiovascular diseases control and direction of national data health reform. Since the enactment of the Basic Act on Countermeasures against Cardiovascular Diseases, the national government and related academic societies have collaborated to promote countermeasures based on five key pillars; medical systems development, registration projects promotion, human resource development, public awareness, and research promotion. Simultaneously, the government is intensively promoting data health reform to compensate for the delay in digital medicine that became evident in the new coronary infection...
March 2024: No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513596/artificial-intelligence-driven-drug-repositioning-uncovers-efavirenz-as-a-modulator-of-%C3%AE-synuclein-propagation-implications-in-parkinson-s-disease
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jae-Bong Kim, Soo-Jeong Kim, Minyoung So, Dong-Kyu Kim, Hye Rin Noh, Beom Jin Kim, Yu Ree Choi, Doyoon Kim, Heejung Koo, Taeyong Kim, Hyun Goo Woo, Sang Myun Park
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with an unclear etiology. Despite significant research efforts, developing disease-modifying treatments for PD remains a major unmet medical need. Notably, drug repositioning is becoming an increasingly attractive direction in drug discovery, and computational approaches offer a relatively quick and resource-saving method for identifying testable hypotheses that promote drug repositioning. We used an artificial intelligence (AI)-based drug repositioning strategy to screen an extensive compound library and identify potential therapeutic agents for PD...
March 20, 2024: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511877/updates-on-brain-regions-and-neuronal-circuits-of-movement-disorders-in-parkinson-s-disease
#40
REVIEW
Juan Wang, Xiaoting Wang, Hui Li, Limin Shi, Ning Song, Junxia Xie
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a global burden that affects more often in the elderly. The basal ganglia (BG) is believed to account for movement disorders in PD. More recently, new findings in the original regions in BG involved in motor control, as well as the new circuits or new nucleuses previously not specifically considered were explored. In the present review, we provide up-to-date information related to movement disorders and modulations in PD, especially from the perspectives of brain regions and neuronal circuits...
December 2023: Ageing Research Reviews
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