grape metabolomic

BACKGROUND: Flavonoids are vital for developing grapes and wine quality, and manganese deficiency decreases grape berry coloration. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of action of manganese sulfate on grape metabolic profiles have not been well studied. In this study, three concentrations of manganese sulfate solutions: 0.5 μmol·L-1 (low, L), 5 μmol·L-1 (middle, M, the standard manganese concentration of Hoagland nutrient solution, control), and 1000 μmol·L-1 (high, H) were applied to "Cabernet Sauvignon" grapevine (Vitis vinifera L...

The cultivated grapevine, Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera , possesses a rich biodiversity with numerous varieties. Each variety adapts differently to varying pedoclimatic conditions, which greatly influence the terroir expression of wine regions. These conditions impact vine growth, physiology, and berry composition, ultimately shaping the unique characteristics and typicity of the wines produced. Nowadays, the potential of the different adaptation capacities of grape varieties has not yet been thoroughly investigated...

It is well recognized that the aging process is a critical step in winemaking because it induces substantial chemical changes linked to the organoleptic properties and stability of the finished wines. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of different types, utilization times, and volumes of aging barrels on the metabolite profile of red wines, produced from Thai-grown Shiraz grapes, using a non-targeted proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) metabolomics approach. As a result, 37 non-volatile polar metabolites including alcohols, amino acids, organic acids, carbohydrates and low-molecular-weight phenolics were identified...

Limited knowledge regarding the susceptibility of grape varieties to ochratoxin A (OTA)-producing fungi is available to date. This study aimed to investigate the susceptibility of different grape varieties to Aspergillus carbonarius concerning OTA contamination and modulation at the metabolome level. Six grape varieties were selected, sampled at early veraison and ripening, artificially inoculated with A. carbonarius , and incubated at two temperature regimes. Significant differences were observed across cultivars, with Barbera showing the highest incidence of moldy berries (around 30%), while Malvasia and Ortrugo showed the lowest incidence (about 2%)...

The use of microbial biostimulants in agriculture is recognized as a sustainable approach to promoting crop productivity and quality due to improved nutrient uptake, enhanced stress tolerance, and improved ability to cope with non-optimal environments. The present paper aimed to comparatively investigate the effect of seven different commercial mycorrhizal-based treatments in terms of yield, phytochemical components, and technological traits of Malvasia di Candia Aromatica grape ( Vitis vinifera L.) plants...

BACKGROUND: Parabens, found in everyday items from personal care products to foods, are chemicals with endocrine-disrupting activity, which has been shown to influence reproductive function. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated whether urinary concentrations of methylparaben, propylparaben, or butylparaben were associated with the urinary metabolome during the periconceptional period, a critical window for female reproductive function. Changes to the periconceptional urinary metabolome could provide insights into the mechanisms by which parabens could impact fertility...

In this study, targeted metabolomics technology was used to accurately and quantitatively analyze the metabolic pathways of anthocyanin, sugars and organic acid metabolites during the ripening of 'SuoSuo' grape berries. Results, 33, 10 and 36 metabolites of anthocyanins, sugars and organic acids, respectively, were detected. The anthocyanin with the highest content was cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (136.343 ng/g), which reached a maximum at 135 days after full bloom. The highest fructose content in sugar was 167...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a notorious pathogen with biofilm-forming and drug-resistant properties that make it difficult to eradicate. In this study, the inhibition of MRSA (ATCC 43300) by Starmerella bacillaris CC-PT4 (CGMCC No. 23573) was evaluated. The results showed that the inhibition of MRSA growth and biofilm was caused by S. bacillaris CC-PT4 cell-free supernatant (CFS). The CFS of S. bacillaris CC PT4 at different times can effectively inhibit the formation of MRSA biofilm, remove the preformed biofilm, and down-regulate the related genes that promote the formation of biofilm...

The twigs of sea buckthorn, blackcurrant, gooseberries, quince, and grapes were evaluated as a promising source of biologically active compounds-proanthocyanidins (PACs). Sea buckthorn twigs had the highest content of PACs (9.2% on dry biomass). Preliminary pretreatment of biomass with freon R134a did not allow an increase in PACs content in the composition of hydrophilic extract but confirmed the value of freon extract as an antibacterial agent against P. aeruginosa and B. cereus . The content of PACs was used as an indicator for assessment of the influence of hydrophilic extracts on pancreatic lipase activity...

Amino acids and biogenic amines are important components of food and beverages. In grape-derived products such as wine and wine vinegar, they can have different origins and can influence the odor and taste of the products. Their concentration is influenced by the grape variety, vintage, and winemaking process. In our study, we carried out an LC-MS-based comparative analysis of 22 grape-derived beverages, including three different wine types and four wine vinegar samples from the Tokaj region in Hungary. The concentrations of 23 amino acids and 10 biogenic amines were examined, and the differences among the sample types were analyzed...

Color is a major quality trait of rosé wines due to their packaging in clear glass bottles. This color is due to the presence of phenolic pigments extracted from grapes to wines and products of reactions taking place during the wine-making process. This study focuses on changes occurring during the alcoholic fermentation of Syrah, Grenache and Cinsault musts, which were conducted at laboratory (250 mL) and pilot (100 L) scales. The color and phenolic composition of the musts and wines were analyzed using UV-visible spectrophotometry, and metabolomics fingerprints were acquired by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry...

This study aimed to determine the glycemic index (GI) of a commercial mixed fruit juice (apple, orange, grape, and pomegranate; FJ) fortified with vitamin D3 or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) or probiotics, and their combination, and their effects on glycemic responses and salivary insulin concentrations. In a randomized controlled, double-blind, crossover study, 11 healthy participants (25 ± 2 years; five women; body mass index = 23 ± 1 kg/m2 ) were randomly assigned to receive five types of FJs [vitD (with vitamin D3); n-3 (with n-3 PUFA); probiotics (with Lacticaseibacillus casei Shirota and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG); vitD-n-3-probiotics FJ (combination of vitD3-n-3-probiotics), control (regular FJ)], all containing 50 g available carbohydrate, and glucose as reference drink...

This study hypothesized the existence of cultivar-associated correlations between grape berry metabolites and its microbial residents, in Douro wine region. Integrated metabolomics with metabarcoding showed that the microbial biodiversity is not associated to berry sugar concentration, but closely connected to the profile of amino acids, flavonoids and wax compounds, which drove cultivar differentiation together with the prevalence of pathogenic fungi, yeasts and bacteria, mainly Dothideomycetes and Gammaproteobacteria...

A breeding program to produce new grape varieties tolerant to main vine fungal pathogens (Plasmopara viticola and Erysiphe necator) is carrying out by crossing Vitis vinifera cv. "Glera" with resistant genotypes such as "Solaris," "Bronner," and "Kunleany." Firstly, resistance gene-based markers analyses allowed the identification of five genotypes, which have inherited the resistance loci against mildews. To select those that also inherited the phenotype as close as possible to 'Glera' suitable to be introduced in the Prosecco wine production protocols, the grape glycosidic derivatives were studied by UHPLC/QTOF mass spectrometry...

BACKGROUND: Red flesh is a desired fruit trait, but the regulation of red flesh formation in grape is not well understood. 'Mio Red' is a seedless table grape variety with light-red flesh and blue-purple skin. The skin color develops at veraison whereas the flesh color develops at a later stage of berry development. The flesh and skin flavonoid metabolomes and transcriptomes were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 161 flavonoids were identified, including 16 anthocyanins...

Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are one of the most commonly ingested polyphenols in the human diet, with a wide range of beneficial health effects. Remarkably, PAs have been reported to influence core and peripheral clock genes expression, and their effects may change in a time-of-day dependent manner. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the capacity of PAs to modulate the metabolome is conditioned by the time-of-day in which these compounds are consumed in a diet- and sex-dependent manner...

The gut is the first line of defense for body health and is essential to the overall health of geese. Grape seed procyanidins (GSPs) are proverbial for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and microflora-regulating capabilities. This study aimed to inquire into the influences of dietary GSPs on the intestinal antioxidant function, barrier function, microflora, and metabolites of geese based on 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics. In total, 240 twenty-one-day-old Sichuan white geese were randomly divided into 4 groups, each of which was supplied with 1 of 4 diets: basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 50, 100, or 150 mg/kg GSPs...

Changes in light/dark cycles and obesogenic diets are related to the disruption of circadian rhythms and metabolic disorders. Grape seed flavanols have shown beneficial effects on metabolic diseases and, recently, a circadian system modulation has been suggested to mediate their health-enhancing properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the grape seed (poly)phenol extract (GSPE) effects in healthy and obese rats after a light/dark cycle disruption. Forty-eight rats were fed a standard (STD) or cafeteria (CAF) diet for 6 weeks under STD conditions of a light/dark cycle (12 h light per day, L12)...

Muscat of Alexandria is one of the most aromatic grape cultivars, with a characteristic floral and fruity aroma, producing popular appellation of origin wines. The winemaking process is a critical factor contributing to the quality of the final product, so the aim of this work was to study metabolomic changes during the fermentation of grape musts at the industrial level from 11 tanks, 2 vintages, and 3 wineries of Limnos Island. A Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) and a liquid injection with Trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) methods were applied for the profiling of the main volatile and non-volatile polar metabolites originating from grapes or produced during winemaking, resulting in the identification of 109 and 69 metabolites, respectively...

Primary bud necrosis of grape buds is a physiological disorder that leads to decreased berry yield and has a catastrophic impact on the double cropping system in sub-tropical areas. The pathogenic mechanisms and potential solutions remain unknown. In this study, the progression and irreversibility patterns of primary bud necrosis in 'Summer Black' were examined via staining and transmission electron microscopy observation. Primary bud necrosis was initiated at 60 days after bud break and was characterized by plasmolysis, mitochondrial swelling, and severe damage to other organelles...