Empiema

Choanal atresia is a rare congenital anomaly in humans and animals, characterized by the absence of communication of one or both nasal cavities with the nasopharynx. The severity of clinical signs depends on the presence of unilateral versus bilateral stenosis as well as comorbidities. With bilateral atresia, respiration may be severely compromised particularly during sleep, as airflow can only occur when breathing through the open mouth. Various therapeutic modalities have been described in people and adopted for animals...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to present our experience with the vertical musculocutaneous trapezius (VMCT) flap and highlight its utility in the thoracic wall reconstruction in patients with bronchopleural fistula (BPF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present a five case series of patients with long-standing cavities and BPF. The VMCT flap was used, and a direct pathway into the defect was made through a separate posterior thoracotomy shortening the distance between the flap and the defect...

BACKGROUND: Pleural empyema secondary to a ruptured amoebic liver abscess is a rare complication in the pediatric population. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 13-year-old male with right flank abdominal pain, productive cough with foul-smelling sputum, fever, and respiratory distress. Physical examination revealed breathlessness, decreased vesicular murmur in the right hemithorax, abdominal distension, hepatomegaly, and lower limb edema. Laboratory tests revealed mild anemia, leukocytosis without eosinophilia, elevated alkaline phosphatase, hypoalbuminemia, and positive immunoglobulin G antibodies against Entamoeba histolytica in pleural fluid...

We present the case of a young immunocompetent patient, with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis, who attended the hospital with a subacute clinical picture of persistent fever, weight loss, dyspnea and abolition of vesicular murmur. Chest CT scan showed an extensive empyema in the left hemithorax. Samples were taken for detection of common germs. Then, a chest drainage tube was placed and antibiotic therapy started. The MALDI-TOF MS test identified Parvimonas micra, an anaerobic bacterium, commensal to the oral flora, associated with severe periodontitis, but rarely reported in cases of pleural empyema, especially in immunocompetent patients...

INTRODUCTION: Pleural empyema is an infrequent manifestation of extraintestinal Clostridioidesdifficile infection, with just eight cases reported in literature. METHODS: We report a new case in a 70-year-old male without comorbidities or evidence of concomitant gastrointestinal disease, and review the previous cases reported in the literature. RESULTS: The isolate was susceptible to all antimicrobial tested and was negative for A+B toxins...

INTRODUCTION: The reported incidence of parapneumonic pleural effusion, including empyema, has shown fluctuations in the last decades. It has been related to the implementation of different types of conjugate pneumococcal vaccines. METHODS: We have retrospectively reviewed data from all 10 public hospitals in Alicante Province (Spain) covering a population of 279,000 children under 15 years of age, between 2010 and 2018. Effusions less than 10 mm (PE-) and those of 10 mm or more (PE+) were separated...

Empyema necessitatis (EN) is a very rare complication of a pleural empyema, in which the infection extends to adjacent soft tissues. Anaerobic bacteria are very rare etiologic agents of EN, which occurs in the course of chronic infections. We present the first case of empyema necessitatis caused by Campylobacter rectus. Bacterial identification was carried out by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the epsilometer method.

Urinothorax is an unusual cause of pleural effusion. To describe a case with urinothorax secondary to urinary system trauma. 41-year-old male readmitted to our hospital 16 days after a right percutaneous nephrolithotomy with fever, shortness of breath, chest pain and multiloculated pleural effusion confirmed by CT scan, resolved with surgical treatment. Readmitted twenty-one days later with recurrent empyema and diagnosis of reno-pleural fistula, treated with new thoracotomy and double J and urinary catheter placement...

INTRODUCTION: Boerhaave syndrome consists of a spontaneous perforation of the esophagus, with high mortality. OBJECTIVE: To describe a case with Boerhaave syndrome with double esophageal perforation. CASE REPORT: 33-year-old female who came to the hospital for emetic symptoms, followed by retrosternal chest pain; chest drainage is performed. Esophageal perforation was diagnosed late and he was transferred to a tertiary level institution. Successive treatments were performed: videothoracoscopy and pleural decortication; alimentary jejunostomy; esophageal stent placement, diagnosis of new perforation, pyloric exclusion, new stent placement, and esophageal exclusion...

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BACKGROUND: To date, information about the outcome of patients with parapneumonic effusion and empyema is limited. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics, the microbiological study and the frequency and type of surgical treatment in adult patients with parapneumonic effusion or empyema. METHOD: A prospective cross-sectional study of patients admitted with parapneumonic effusion or empyema, from August 2011 to July 2014, in a reference hospital for respiratory diseases in Mexico City, was conducted...

Insertar un tubo torácico es una maniobra terapéutica de gran valor, pero no exenta de complicaciones. Nuestro objetivo es poner de manifiesto una nueva opción de tratamiento mediante técnicas radiológicas intervencionistas que eviten los riesgos de una cirugía en pacientes seleccionados. Presentamos el caso de un paciente pluripatológico con diagnóstico de empiema pulmonar izquierdo al que de manera accidental se le insertó un tubo torácico en el polo superior esplénico...

Complication of dental infections might be various and heterogeneous. The most common complications are represented by maxilar celulitis, canine space celulitis, infratemporal space celulitis, temporal celulitis and bacteremia. Among rarest complications we found: sepsis, bacterial endocarditis, mediastinitis, intracranial complications, osteomyelitis, etc. Although dental infections are often considered trivial entities, sometimes they can reach an impressive gravity. In this regard, the present study describes a case of dental infection complicated by meningitis, subdural empiema and cerebral vasculitis...

Treatment of bronchial fistula (BF) after pulmonary lobectomy is a challenge. Often, patients require long hospital stay, have recurrent empyema and pneumonia, are susceptible to sepsis, often need broad-spectrum antibiotics, as well as various surgical approaches. With the advent and growing evidence of the benefits of negative pressure therapy (NPT), its use in some patients with BF has been reported with encouraging results concerning its feasibility and cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the application of NPT as a resource for BF treatment and comparatively analyze the overall cost of treatment...

Primary tumors of the sternum are unusual, and, of these chondrosarcoma is extremely rare. Prior cases were more frequent in men. It is the consensus that central (axial) skeletal lesions are always suspected of malignancy. It is difficult to deduce from the roengenographic and pathologic findings the presence of a sternal tumor. This case report of primary sternal chondrosarcoma illustrated an extremely rare cartilaginous lesion in a male 64 years old. Extensive sternal excision was indicated despite the apparent benignity of the tumor...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: Determine the incidence of otological and endocranial complications of acute otitis media, taking into account previous treatments and the development of complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective follow-up study between March 1996-2003 including 16 patients: 9 men, 7 women. RESULTS: Nine patients (56.25%) had intracranial complications and seven otological ones. In the first group, 6 developed meningitis by Streptococcus pneumoniae, one sigmoid sinus thromboflebitis, one multiple abscesses, and one subdural empiema and encephalitis...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate possibilites of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in diagnosis and treatment of pleuritis. 1997-2002 in Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology of Vilnius University Institute of Oncology 206 patients underwent videothoracoscopic procedures (146 (70.8%) of them for pleuritis). All procedures were performed in general anesthesia using double lumen tube. Mean patient age was 61+/-10 years. One hundred three women (71%) and 43 men (29%) were operated. Seventy four (51%) chemopleurodesis was performed with pleural biopsies: for 2 patients (1...

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate efficacy of videothoracoscopic operations in diagnosis and treatment of lung and pleural diseases. In 1997-2001 186 operations were performed using videothoracoscopic devices in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University. Fourty eight resections were performed: 4 (8%) lobectomies, 1 (2%) pericardial cystectomy, 3 (6%) simpatectomies, 3 (6%) intrathoracal lipomectomies, 1 (2%) removing calcificate, 3 (6%) resections of pericardium, 15 (30%) removing metastases, 12 (25%) hamartomas, 6 (13%) wedge resections of lungs tissue due to I(st) stage NSCLC performed for the elderly...