Echocardiography CKD

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BACKGROUND: Individuals with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, which in turn are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population. A peculiar feature of cardiovascular diseases in this population is that they can have significant cardiac disease while remaining asymptomatic. There is a paucity of data regarding subclinical cardiac imaging features among diabetic adults in Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to compare the magnitude and spectrum of left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction among asymptomatic type 2 diabetic adults versus a normotensive, non-diabetic control group and to evaluate the determinants of left ventricular diastolic and systolic dysfunction...

AIMS: Differentiating cardiac amyloidosis (CA) subtypes is important considering the significantly different therapies for transthyretin (ATTR)-CA and light chain (AL)-CA. Therefore, an echocardiographic method to distinguish ATTR-CA from AL-CA would provide significant value. We assessed a novel echocardiographic pixel intensity method to quantify myocardial calcification to differentiate ATTR-CA from phenocopies of CA and from AL-CA, specifically. METHODS AND RESULTS: 167 patients with ATTR-CA (n=53), AL-CA (n=32), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n=37), and advanced chronic kidney disease (n=45) were retrospectively evaluated...

BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary disease causing chronic renal failure, with a high incidence of extra-renal manifestations including pericardial effusion. CASE SUMMARY: We present the case of a 41-year-old female, known for ADPKD, who presented to our emergency department with epigastric pain radiating to the interscapular area. Blood exams showed moderate increase in inflammatory markers. Echocardiography revealed a circumferential pericardial effusion of 10 mm...

Introduction Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a recognized complication in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). PH is commonly found in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ESRD. PH is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD. Methodology This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of PH and its associated risk factors in MHD patients. A total of 220 ESRD patients on MHD patients at The Kidney Center, Karachi, Pakistan, aged 18-70 were included...

In cardiovascular homeostasis thyroid hormone plays an important role. We planned to study the changes in thyroid hormone profile in acute coronary syndrome patients admitted in the coronary care unit and compare them between two groups: unstable angina/non-ST elevated Myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI) and ST elevated Myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study was a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study which was conducted from 01 March 2018 to 01 February 2019 in Coronary Care Unit of Bangladesh Medical College Hospital and laboratory tests were done in Microbiology Department of Bangladesh Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh...

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is the most widely utilized plant growth regulator. Despite its extensive usage, IAA is often overlooked as an environmental pollutant. Due to its protein-binding nature, it also functions as a uremic toxin, contributing to its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD). While in vitro and epidemiological research have demonstrated this association, the precise impact of IAA on cardiovascular disease in animal models is unknown. The main objective of this study is to conduct a mechanistic analysis of the cardiotoxic effects caused by IAA using male Wistar albino rats as the experimental model...

The current research on the relationship between 24-h central pressure and 24-h brachial pressure with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is characterised by limited sample size and inconsistent findings. Furthermore, the association has never been explored in chronic kidney disease (CKD). A multicentre, cross-sectional study among non-dialysis patients with CKD was conducted. All participants underwent brachial and central ambulatory blood pressure monitoring using MobilO-Graph PWA, while trained cardiologists performed echocardiography...

Chronic kidney disease patients treated by hemodialysis present a high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is an imperative need for novel biomarkers for identifying these patients and to offer possible therapeutically interventions. We performed a prospective observational cohort study on 77 patients in the period of October 2021-October 2023. We measured serum plasma levels of interleukin 1-beta, galectin 3, human suppression of tumorigenicity factor 2, bone morphogenetic protein 2 and fibroblastic growth factor 23 at the inclusion site...

INTRODUCTION: L-carnitine exerts protective effects, such as maintaining mitochondrial functions and decreasing reactive oxygen species, while acylcarnitine (AC) is linked to the development of heart failure and atherosclerosis. HYPOTHESIS: Serum carnitines play important pathophysiological roles in cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: Pre-operative biochemical data were obtained from 117 patients (71 men, average age 69.9 years) who underwent surgery for cardiovascular diseases...

BACKGROUND: With the rise of metabolic diseases and aging in liver transplant (LT) candidates, mitral annular calcification (MAC) is more recognizable. Despite cardiovascular risk becoming a leading cause of mortality in LT recipients, the influence of MAC remains unexamined. This study investigates the prevalence, related factors, and impact of MAC on LT outcomes. METHODS: We explored 4148 consecutive LT patients who underwent routine pretransplant echocardiography from 2008 to 2019...

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular calcification is a pervasive issue throughout chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Autophagy, a fundamental cellular process, exerts significant influence on various cardiac pathologies, including arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, heart failure, and notably, valvular, and vascular calcifications. Beclin-1, a crucial eukaryotic protein, plays a major regulatory role in autophagy as part of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) complex. Recent evidence suggests a protective role for Beclin-1-mediated autophagy in CKD vascular calcification, raising its potential as a novel therapeutic target in this context...

Oats are recognized to provide many health benefits that are mainly associated with its dietary fibre, β-glucan. However, the protein derived from oats is largely understudied with respect to its ability to maintain health and attenuate risk factors of chronic diseases. The goal of the current study was to investigate the metabolic effects of oat protein consumption in lieu of casein as the protein source in high fat, high sucrose (HF/HS) fed Wistar rats. Four-week-old rats were divided into three groups and were fed three different experimental diets: a control diet with casein as the protein source, an HF/HS diet with casein, or an HF/HS diet with oat protein for 16 weeks...

BACKGROUND: Current prevalence estimates of heart failure (HF) are primarily based on self-report or HF hospitalizations. There is an unmet need to define the prevalence and pathogenesis of early symptomatic HF, which may be undiagnosed and precedes HF hospitalization. METHODS: The MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) Early HF study was conducted during MESA exam 6 to determine the prevalence of early HF and investigate the transition from risk factors to early HF in a diverse population-based cohort of older adults...

PURPOSE: Heart failure (HF) with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) is a new category of HF introduced in the newest European Society of Cardiology guidelines. However, clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of HFimpEF patients remain insufficiently elucidated. We sought to characterize Polish HFimpEF patients and determine their long-term mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Of 1186 patients enrolled in the single-center Lesser Poland Cracovian Heart Failure (LECRA-HF) registry between 2009 and 2019 and hospitalized due to HF decompensation, 340 (28...

BACKGROUND: Impairment of kidney function is one of the long-term sequelae of hypertension and it contributes to increased morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common complication of hypertension which can worsen the outcome in affected patients. This study was designed to compare kidney function in hypertensive patients with LVH with that in hypertensive patients without LVH. METHODS: The study was conducted among hypertensive patients attending cardiology clinics at two tertiary hospitals in Nigeria...

Background and Objective : In the landscape of heart failure, non-cardiac comorbidities represent a formidable challenge, imparting adverse prognostic implications. Holter ECG monitoring assumes a supplementary role in delineating myocardial susceptibility and autonomic nervous system dynamics. This study aims to explore the potential correlation between Holter ECG parameters and comorbidities in individuals with ischemic cardiomyopathy experiencing heart failure (HF), with a particular focus on the primary utility of these parameters as prognostic indicators...

BACKGROUND: The association between surgical treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR) and renal function is not sufficiently well-known. We tried to evaluate renal function before and after the procedure of surgical mitral valve repair (SMVR) in degenerative severe MR. METHODS: Patients with primary severe (4+) MR and normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) that underwent SMVR, examined by a cutting-edge 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiographic probe were enrolled in this study...

Hemodialysis catheters are frequently used for vascular access in end-stage chronic kidney disease patients lacking mature arteriovenous fistula. The incidence of infective endocarditis in hemodialysis patients is higher than in the general population and is associated with severe and potentially life-threatening complications. A high index of suspicion is imperative for early diagnosis and timely intervention to enhance the prognosis of this high-mortality condition. Imaging studies, like transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, are crucial for prompt diagnosis...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that contributes to mortality. Sclerostin, a SOST gene product that reduces osteoblastic bone formation by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling, is involved in arterial stiffness and CKD-bone mineral disease, but scanty evidence to PH. This study explored the relationship between sclerostin and PH in CKD 5, pre-dialysis end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional prospective observational cohort study included 44 pre-dialysis ESKD patients between May 2011 and May 2015...