Correction Of Deformity

PURPOSE: To verify corneal biomechanical changes, poststromal augmentation using myopic small-incision lenticule extraction's (SMILEs) lenticules in advanced keratoconus (KCN) through Corvis ST (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A clinical trial enrolled 22 advanced KCN patients. We implanted lenticules exceeding 100 μ according to a nomogram and evaluated biomechanical factors through Corvis ST at 3-, 6-, and 24-month postimplantation. We examined parameters during the first applanation (A1), second applanation (A2), highest concavity (HC)/max concavity events, and Vinciguerra screening parameters, as recently established criteria derived from the ideal blend of diverse biomechanical and ocular factors and formulated through the application of logistic regression...

BACKGROUND: Hyperlordosis is an excessive inward curvature of the lumbar spine that affects spinal function. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of core stability exercises (CSE), Whole-Body Electromyostimulation (WB-EMS), and CSE Plus on the Lumbar lordosis angle and dynamic balance in sedentary people with hyperlordosis. METHODS: In a parallel randomized controlled trial study, seventy five untrained male adults with hyperlordosis, recruited from clinics of sports medicine and corrective exercise centers in Tehran, were randomly assigned to four groups: CSE (n = 19), WB-EMS (n = 18), CSE Plus (n = 18), and control Group (CG) (n = 20)...

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the deformity of the human spine in three-dimensional space. It is a disease with a long course and difficult to recover in a short time. Currently, spinal orthotic braces are an effective non-surgical treatment for this condition. However, existing spinal orthotic braces are still deficient. For example, existing spinal orthotics braces have no way of knowing how correct, effective, and comfortable a patient is wearing the orthotics. Based on distributed pressure monitoring technology, this paper conducts pressure acquisition and compensation research on spinal orthotics used by adolescent patients...

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BACKGROUND: Data-driven gated (DDG) PET has gained clinical acceptance and has been shown to match or outperform external-device gated (EDG) PET. However, in most clinical applications, DDG PET is matched with helical CT acquired in free breathing (FB) at a random respiratory phase, leaving registration, and optimal attenuation correction (AC) to chance. Furthermore, DDG PET requires additional scan time to reduce image noise as it only preserves 35%-50% of the PET data at or near the end-expiratory phase of the breathing cycle...

PURPOSE: To compare the changes encountered in corneal biomechanics and aberration profile following accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) using hypo-osmolar and iso-osmolar riboflavin in corneal thicknesses of <400 and >400 microns, respectively. METHODS: This is a prospective, interventional, comparative study involving 100 eyes of 75 patients with progressive keratoconus. Eyes were divided into two groups based on corneal thickness: group 1 included eyes with a corneal thickness of <400 microns who underwent hypo-osmolar CXL, and group 2 included eyes with a corneal thickness of >400 microns who underwent iso-osmolar CXL...

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols on peri-operative course in adult cervical deformity (ACD) corrective surgery. METHODS: Patients ≥18 yrs with complete pre-(BL) and up to 2-year (2Y) radiographic and clinical outcome data were stratified by enrollment in an ERAS protocol that commenced in 2020. Differences in demographics, clinical outcomes, radiographic alignment targets, peri-operative factors and complication rates were assessed via means comparison analysis...

AIM: This clinical case study is to highlight the improvement of periodontal health of mandibular canines using a soft tissue alternative of fish origin, a piscine graft. METHODS: A 37-year-old female patient was referred to a periodontal practice for evaluation of mucogingival deformities around teeth #22 and #27 that were also diagnosed with recession, lack of keratinized tissue (KT), and bilateral high frenum attachment. Multiple soft tissue treatment options were presented to the patient, including autogenous, allograft, or xenograftporcine or piscine...

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the suture technique, along with the utilization of a spirit-level device which is an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal or vertical, in comparison to the conventional supraacetabular pin method and caliper measurement for correcting leg length discrepancy (LLD) during total hip arthroplasty (THA). Materials and methods: Consecutive patients who underwent unilateral primary THA between January 2021 and March 2023 were included in the study...

INTRODUCTION: The varus and valgus knee deformities result from imbalance in tension between medial and lateral soft tissue compartments. These conditions need to be addressed during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there is no consensus on optimal soft-tissue release techniques for correcting varus and valgus deformities during TKA. We assessed the efficacy of a novel grid-based pie-crusting technique on soft-tissue release. METHODS: Cadaver knees were dissected, leaving only the femur and tibia connected by an isolated MCL or the femur and fibula connected by an isolated LCL...

We report the use of computerized tomography (CT)-guided navigation for complex spinal deformity correction (anterior and posterior) in an 8-year-old patient with neurofibromatosis complicated by dystrophic pedicles, dural ectasia, and extensive vertebral scalloping. A retrospective review was conducted of the patient's medical records for the past 3 years, including the patient's office visit notes, operative reports, pre- and 2-year postoperative imaging studies. The patient successfully underwent anterior lumbar interbody fusion from L3-S1 using CT-guided navigation to negotiate the challenges posed by dural ectasia and vertebral body scalloping...

Neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1) presents complex challenges due to its multisystemic effects, including kyphoscoliosis, dural ectasia, and arteriovenous fistulas (AVF). We present a case of a 31-year-old male with NF1 exhibiting severe cervical kyphoscoliosis, dural ectasia, a bisected cervical cord, and an arteriovenous fistula, highlighting the intricacies of managing such intricate cases. Rapid weakening in the patient's right arm and leg prompted imaging revealing severe cervical kyphotic deformity and a dural fold dividing the spinal cord...

PURPOSE: The purpose of our work was to demonstrate the surgical technique of ankle arthrodesis using the minimally-invasive transfibular (MITF) approach, which minimizes soft tissue damage and is advantageous for high-risk patients. METHODS: In this prospective study, a total of 12 patients with end-stage varus ankle osteoarthritis, including high-risk individuals, underwent ankle arthrodesis using the MITF approach. The technique involves a unique osteotomy at the joint space level, minimizing soft tissue detachment from the fibula...

Accurately characterizing the thermomechanical parameters of nanoscale systems is essential for understanding their performance and building innovative nanoscale technologies due to their distinct behaviours. Fractional thermal transport models are commonly utilized to correctly depict the heat transfer that occurs in these nanoscale systems. The current study presents a novel mathematical thermoelastic model that incorporates a new fractional differential constitutive equation for heat conduction. This heat equation is useful for understanding the effects of thermal memory...

INTRODUCTION: Deformities of the spine and thorax in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis affect appearance. They are a cause of inferiority, affecting psychological well-being and the social life of the patients. To contribute to curve evaluation, planning in curve correction, and improving the post-operative aesthetics, many studies on the correlation between appearance and radiography in the assessment of shoulder and neck balance have been reported recently. In general, these studies did not clarify which indices are required to evaluate shoulder and neck balance...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the financial impact of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols and cost-effectiveness in cervical deformity corrective surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of prospective CD database. BACKGROUND: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) can help accelerate patient recovery and assist hospitals in maximizing the incentives of bundled payment models while maintaining high-quality patient care. However, the economic benefit of ERAS protocols, nor the heterogeneous components that make up such protocols, has not been established...

BACKGROUND: The traditional scarf osteotomy (TSO) has limited ability to correct the first metatarsal pronation. A novel modification that we refer to as a "dovetailed notch scarf osteotomy" (DNSO) has been developed to enhance the ability to correct coronal plane pronation. The study aimed to observe and compare TSO to DNSO in the treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity. METHODS: This retrospective study included 78 feet that had a TSO and 105 feet that had a DNSO...

Introduction This research aimed to explore the relationship between spinal characteristics and the length of the abdominal aorta in adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients who underwent corrective spinal surgery. We hypothesized that adjusting spinal alignment might affect the abdominal aorta's length. Methods This study included thirteen patients with ASD (average age: 63.0 ± 8.9 years; four males and nine females) who received spinal correction surgery. We measured both pre-operative and post-operative spinal parameters, including thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK), and calculated their differences (Δ)...

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is very complex and modern instrumentation techniques offer multiple possibilities. Despite numerous publications, there is no clear consensus on the optimal strategy for the correction of scoliotic deformities. The goal of this study was to summarize the current surgical strategies for specific AIS cases within various countries. METHOD: Thirty-two experienced scoliosis surgeons from 15 countries were asked to plan surgeries on 12 representative AIS cases...

INTRODUCTION: Although multimodal intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM), which has high sensitivity and specificity, is typically performed during spinal deformity surgery, neurological status may deteriorate with delay after surgical maneuvers. Here, we report a rare case of delayed postoperative neurological deficit (DPND) that was not detected by IONM during posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for congenital scoliosis. CASE PRESENTATION: A 14-year-old male presented with congenital scoliosis associated with T3 and T10 hemivertebrae...