keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538648/the-extrachromosomal-circular-dna-atlas-of-aged-and-young-mouse-brains
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoning Hong, Jing Li, Peng Han, Shaofu Li, Jiaying Yu, Haoran Zhang, Jiang Li, Yonghui Dang, Xi Xiang
Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) refers to a distinct class of circular DNA molecules that exist independently from linear chromosomal DNA. Extensive evidence has firmly established the significant involvement of eccDNA in cancer initiation, progression, and evolutionary processes. However, the relationship between eccDNA and brain aging remains elusive. Here, we employed extrachromosomal circular DNA sequencing (Circle-seq) to generate a comprehensive dataset of eccDNA from six brain structures of both young and naturally-aged mice, including the olfactory bulb, medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, caudate putamen, hippocampus, and cerebellum...
March 27, 2024: Scientific Data
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537522/leptin-moderates-the-relationship-between-sleep-quality-and-memory-function-a-population-based-study
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanda Cristina Mosini, Luana Nayara Gallego Adami, Julia Ribeiro da Silva Vallim, Mariana Moysés-Oliveira, Dalva Poyares, Monica L Andersen, Sergio Tufik
Sleep is crucial for memory, as it promotes its encoding, consolidation, storage, and retrieval. Sleep periods following learning enhance memory consolidation. Leptin, a hormone that regulates appetite and energy balance, also influences memory and neuroplasticity. It plays a neurotrophic role in the hippocampus, enhancing synaptic function and promoting memory processes. Given these associations between sleep, memory, and leptin, this study aimed to evaluate the interplay between sleep quality, memory complaints and leptin levels...
March 15, 2024: Sleep Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532986/a-theory-of-the-neural-mechanisms-underlying-negative-cognitive-bias-in-major-depression
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuyue Jiang
The widely acknowledged cognitive theory of depression, developed by Aaron Beck, focused on biased information processing that emphasizes the negative aspects of affective and conceptual information. Current attempts to discover the neurological mechanism underlying such cognitive and affective bias have successfully identified various brain regions associated with severally biased functions such as emotion, attention, rumination, and inhibition control. However, the neurobiological mechanisms of how individuals in depression develop this selective processing toward negative is still under question...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530592/a-complementary-learning-systems-model-of-how-sleep-moderates-retrieval-practice-effects
#4
REVIEW
Xiaonan L Liu, Charan Ranganath, Randall C O'Reilly
While many theories assume that sleep is critical in stabilizing and strengthening memories, our recent behavioral study (Liu & Ranganath, 2021, Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28[6], 2035-2044) suggests that sleep does not simply stabilize memories. Instead, it plays a more complex role, integrating information across two temporally distinct learning episodes. In the current study, we simulated the results of Liu and Ranganath (2021) using our biologically plausible computational model, TEACH, developed based on the complementary learning systems (CLS) framework...
March 26, 2024: Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527810/an-enduring-role-for-hippocampal-pattern-completion-in-addition-to-an-emergent-non-hippocampal-contribution-to-holistic-episodic-retrieval-after-a-24-hour-delay
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bárður H Joensen, Jennifer E Ashton, Sam C Berens, M Gareth Gaskell, Aidan J Horner
Episodic memory retrieval is associated with the holistic neocortical reinstatement of all event information; an effect driven by hippocampal pattern completion. However, whether holistic reinstatement occurs, and whether hippocampal pattern completion continues to drive reinstatement, after a period of consolidation is unclear. Theories of systems consolidation predict either a time-variant or -invariant role of the hippocampus in the holistic retrieval of episodic events. Here, we assessed whether episodic events continue to be reinstated holistically and whether hippocampal pattern completion continues to facilitate holistic reinstatement following a period of consolidation...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527809/dissociable-contributions-of-the-medial-parietal-cortex-to-recognition-memory
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seth R Koslov, Joseph W Kable, Brett L Foster
Human neuroimaging studies of episodic memory retrieval routinely observe the engagement of specific cortical regions beyond the medial temporal lobe. Of these, medial parietal cortex (MPC) is of particular interest given its distinct functional characteristics during different types of retrieval tasks. Specifically, while recognition and autobiographical recall tasks are both used to probe episodic retrieval, these paradigms consistently drive distinct spatial patterns of response within MPC. However, other studies have emphasized alternate MPC functional dissociations in terms of brain network connectivity profiles or stimulus category selectivity...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514702/the-neural-and-cognitive-basis-of-expository-text-comprehension
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Timothy A Keller, Robert A Mason, Aliza E Legg, Marcel Adam Just
As science and technology rapidly progress, it becomes increasingly important to understand how individuals comprehend expository technical texts that explain these advances. This study examined differences in individual readers' technical comprehension performance and differences among texts, using functional brain imaging to measure regional brain activity while students read passages on technical topics and then took a comprehension test. Better comprehension of the technical passages was related to higher activation in regions of the left inferior frontal gyrus, left superior parietal lobe, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and bilateral hippocampus...
March 21, 2024: NPJ Science of Learning
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514193/identification-of-early-hippocampal-dynamics-during-recognition-memory-with-independent-component-analysis
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Víctor J López-Madrona, Agnès Trébuchon, Ioana Mindruta, Emmanuel J Barbeau, Andrei Barborica, Costi Pistol, Irina Oane, F Xavier Alario, Christian G Bénar
The hippocampus is generally considered to have relatively late involvement in recognition memory, its main electrophysiological signature being between 400 and 800 ms after stimulus onset. However, most electrophysiological studies have analyzed the hippocampus as a single responsive area, selecting only a single-site signal exhibiting the strongest effect in terms of amplitude. These classical approaches may not capture all the dynamics of this structure, hindering the contribution of other hippocampal sources that are not located in the vicinity of the selected site...
March 21, 2024: ENeuro
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514181/serotonin-signaling-in-hippocampus-during-initial-cocaine-abstinence-drives-persistent-drug-seeking
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amy S Kohtz, Joshua Zhao, Gary Aston-Jones
The initiation of abstinence after chronic drug self-administration is a stressful event. Cocaine-seeking behavior on the first day of the absence of expected drug (extinction day 1, ED1) is reduced by blocking 5-HT signaling in dorsal hippocampus CA1 (CA1) in both male and female rats. We hypothesized that the experience of ED1 can substantially influence later relapse behavior, and that dorsal raphe serotonin (DR 5-HT) input to CA1 may be involved. We inhibited 5-HT1A/1B receptors (WAY100,635 plus GR127935), or DR input (chemogenetics), in CA1 on ED1 to test the role of this pathway on cocaine-seeking persistence 2wk later...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512167/the-brain-under-sexual-attack-a-brief-report-on-neurobiological-disturbances-in-trauma-memory
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelly Dixon
OBJECTIVE: The pathway from experiencing sexual assault to successful prosecution of sexual assault cases is plagued by complicated and myriad factors, resulting in suboptimal outcomes for both survivors and judicial systems. In particular, disturbance of posttraumatic memory recall under stressful circumstances can negatively impact the veracity of survivor testimony. METHOD: This brief report integrates empirical findings from studies of trauma memory disturbance, and more specifically the impacts of glucocorticoid activation in sexual assault memory, contextualizing through the lens of implications for sexual assault litigation...
March 21, 2024: Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509913/functional-reorganization-of-memory-processing-in-the-hippocampus-is-associated-with-neuroprotector-glp-1-levels-in-type-2-diabetes
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nádia S Canário, Joana Crisóstomo, Carolina Moreno, João V Duarte, Isabel C Duarte, Mário J Ribeiro, Beatriz Caramelo, Leonor V Gomes, Paulo Matafome, Francisco P Oliveira, Miguel Castelo-Branco
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) often impairs memory functions, suggesting specific vulnerability of the hippocampus. In vivo neuroimaging studies relating encoding and retrieval of memory information with endogenous neuroprotection are lacking. The neuroprotector glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) has a high receptor density in anterior/ventral hippocampus, as shown by animal models. Using an innovative event-related fMRI design in 34 participants we investigated patterns of hippocampal activity in T2D (n = 17) without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) versus healthy controls (n = 17) during an episodic memory task...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505457/concussions-a-review-of-physiological-changes-and-long-term-sequelae
#12
REVIEW
Hemangi Patel, Sneha Polam, Roody Joseph
A concussion is a type of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). It is prevalent among athletes across a wide variety of sports. The exact mechanism of a concussion is unknown, but it is currently accepted that the acceleration and deceleration of the brain is the insult causing disturbances in activity. The most common symptoms of concussions include but are not limited to dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and headaches. With repetitive concussive injuries, athletes can experience permanent changes such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (gradual degeneration of brain tissue), which can lead to personality changes and memory deficits...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501294/differential-contributions-of-the-hippocampal-dentate-gyrus-and-cornu-ammonis-1-subfield-to-mnemonic-discrimination
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Krista A Mitchnick, Hannah Marlatte, Zorry Belchev, Fuqiang Gao, R Shayna Rosenbaum
Evidence suggests that individual hippocampal subfields are preferentially involved in various memory-related processes. Here, we demonstrated dissociations in these memory processes in two unique individuals with near-selective bilateral damage within the hippocampus, affecting the dentate gyrus (DG) in case BL and the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) subfield in case BR. BL was impaired in discriminating highly similar objects in memory (i.e., mnemonic discrimination) but exhibited preserved overall recognition of studied objects, regardless of similarity...
March 19, 2024: Hippocampus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483564/taking-time-to-compose-thoughts-with-prefrontal-schemata
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kwang Il Ryom, Anindita Basu, Debora Stendardi, Elisa Ciaramelli, Alessandro Treves
Under what conditions can prefrontal cortex direct the composition of brain states, to generate coherent streams of thoughts? Using a simplified Potts model of cortical dynamics, crudely differentiated into two halves, we show that once activity levels are regulated, so as to disambiguate a single temporal sequence, whether the contents of the sequence are mainly determined by the frontal or by the posterior half, or by neither, depends on statistical parameters that describe its microcircuits. The frontal cortex tends to lead if it has more local attractors, longer lasting and stronger ones, in order of increasing importance...
March 14, 2024: Experimental Brain Research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation Cérébrale
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457750/ca3-circuit-model-compressing-sequential-information-in-theta-oscillation-and-replay
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Satoshi Kuroki, Kenji Mizuseki
The hippocampus plays a critical role in the compression and retrieval of sequential information. During wakefulness, it achieves this through theta phase precession and theta sequences. Subsequently, during periods of sleep or rest, the compressed information reactivates through sharp-wave ripple events, manifesting as memory replay. However, how these sequential neuronal activities are generated and how they store information about the external environment remain unknown. We developed a hippocampal cornu ammonis 3 (CA3) computational model based on anatomical and electrophysiological evidence from the biological CA3 circuit to address these questions...
February 28, 2024: Neural Computation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454310/astrocytic-phagocytosis-in-the-medial-prefrontal-cortex-jeopardises-postoperative-memory-consolidation-in-mice
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Ma, Yuan Le, Lin Hu, Wen Ouyang, Cheng Li, Daqing Ma, Jianbin Tong
Memory impairment is one of the main characteristics of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. It remains elusive how postoperative pathological changes of the brain link to the memory impairment. The clinical setting of perioperation was mimicked via partial hepatectomy under sevoflurane anaesthesia together with preoperative restraint stress (Hep-Sev-stress) in mice. Memory changes were assessed with fear conditioning. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-dorsal hippocampus connectivity was evaluated with injecting neurotracer 28 days before surgery...
March 7, 2024: Brain Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454052/reactivation-of-encoding-ensembles-in-the-prelimbic-cortex-supports-temporal-associations
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thays Brenner Santos, Cesar Augusto de Oliveira Coelho, Juliana Carlota Kramer-Soares, Paul W Frankland, Maria Gabriela Menezes Oliveira
Fear conditioning is encoded by strengthening synaptic connections between the neurons activated by a conditioned stimulus (CS) and those activated by an unconditioned stimulus (US), forming a memory engram, which is reactivated during memory retrieval. In temporal associations, activity within the prelimbic cortex (PL) plays a role in sustaining a short-term, transient memory of the CS, which is associated with the US after a temporal gap. However, it is unknown whether the PL has only a temporary role, transiently representing the CS, or is part of the neuronal ensembles that support the retrieval, i...
March 7, 2024: Neuropsychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450223/human-brain-activity-and-functional-connectivity-associated-with-verbal-long-term-memory-consolidation-across-1-month
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine W Tallman, Zhishang Luo, Christine N Smith
INTRODUCTION: Declarative memories are initially dependent on the hippocampus and become stabilized through the neural reorganization of connections between the medial temporal lobe and neocortex. The exact time-course of these neural changes is not well established, although time-dependent changes in retrieval-related brain function can be detected across relatively short time periods in humans (e.g., hours to months). METHODS: In a study involving older adults with normal cognition (N = 24), we investigated changes in brain activity and functional connectivity associated with the long-term memory consolidation of verbal material over one month...
2024: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447576/excitability-mediates-allocation-of-pre-configured-ensembles-to-a-hippocampal-engram-supporting-contextual-conditioned-threat-in-mice
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew J Mocle, Adam I Ramsaran, Alexander D Jacob, Asim J Rashid, Alessandro Luchetti, Lina M Tran, Blake A Richards, Paul W Frankland, Sheena A Josselyn
Little is understood about how engrams, sparse groups of neurons that store memories, are formed endogenously. Here, we combined calcium imaging, activity tagging, and optogenetics to examine the role of neuronal excitability and pre-existing functional connectivity on the allocation of mouse cornu ammonis area 1 (CA1) hippocampal neurons to an engram ensemble supporting a contextual threat memory. Engram neurons (high activity during recall or TRAP2-tagged during training) were more active than non-engram neurons 3 h (but not 24 h to 5 days) before training...
February 27, 2024: Neuron
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447230/the-importance-of-covert-memory-consolidation-in-schizophrenia-dysfunctional-network-profiles-of-the-hippocampus-and-the-dorsolateral-prefrontal-cortex
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elias A Samona, Asadur Chowdury, John Kopchick, Patricia Thomas, Usha Rajan, Dalal Khatib, Caroline Zajac-Benitez, Alireza Amirsadri, Luay Haddad, Jeffrey A Stanley, Vaibhav A Diwadkar
Altered brain network profiles in schizophrenia (SCZ) during memory consolidation are typically observed during task-active periods such as encoding or retrieval. However active processes are also sub served by covert periods of memory consolidation. These periods are active in that they allow memories to be recapitulated even in the absence of overt sensorimotor processing. It is plausible that regions central to memory formation like the dlPFC and the hippocampus, exert network signatures during covert periods...
February 29, 2024: Psychiatry Research. Neuroimaging
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