keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33246067/lmx1a-and-lmx1b-are-redundantly-required-for-the-development-of-multiple-components-of-the-mammalian-auditory-system
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Victor V Chizhikov, Igor Y Iskusnykh, Nikolai Fattakhov, Bernd Fritzsch
The inner ear, projections, and brainstem nuclei are essential components of the auditory and vestibular systems. It is believed that the evolution of complex systems depends on duplicated sets of genes. The contribution of duplicated genes to auditory or vestibular system development, however, is poorly understood. We describe that Lmx1a and Lmx1b, which originate from the invertebrate Lmx1b-like gene, redundantly regulate development of multiple essential components of the mammalian auditory/vestibular systems...
January 1, 2021: Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33195265/heterochronic-developmental-shifts-underlying-squamate-cerebellar-diversity-unveil-the-key-features-of-amniote-cerebellogenesis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simone Macrì, Nicolas Di-Poï
Despite a remarkable conservation of architecture and function, the cerebellum of vertebrates shows extensive variation in morphology, size, and foliation pattern. These features make this brain subdivision a powerful model to investigate the evolutionary developmental mechanisms underlying neuroanatomical complexity both within and between anamniote and amniote species. Here, we fill a major evolutionary gap by characterizing the developing cerebellum in two non-avian reptile species-bearded dragon lizard and African house snake-representative of extreme cerebellar morphologies and neuronal arrangement patterns found in squamates...
2020: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32835583/an-immunocytochemical-approach-to-the-analysis-of-the-cell-division-cycle-in-the-rat-cerebellar-neuroepithelium
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joaquín Martí, Lucía Rodríguez-Vázquez
Cerebellar neurons are generated from the rhombic lip and the neuroepithelium. In this study, we analyze the histogenesis of the cerebellar neuroepithelium in terms of cellular kinetics. The experimental animals are the offspring of pregnant dams injected with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) on embryonic day 13. We infer the fraction of S-phase cells by examining a range of survival times after a single BrdU-exposure and a cumulative BrdU-labeling sequence, which allow for the derivation of cell-cycle parameters and phase durations...
October 2020: Cell Cycle
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32736754/the-developing-brain-by-trimester
#24
REVIEW
Paul Govaert, Fabio Triulzi, Jeroen Dudink
Transient anatomical entities play a role in the maturation of brain regions and early functional fetal networks. At the postmenstrual age of 7 weeks, major subdivisions of the brain are visible. At the end of the embryonic period, the cortical plate covers the neopallium. The choroid plexus develops in concert with it, and the dorsal thalamus covers about half the diencephalic third ventricle surface. In addition to the fourth ventricle neuroepithelium the rhombic lips are an active neuroepithelial production site...
2020: Handbook of Clinical Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32678266/chemokine-receptor-cxcr7-non-cell-autonomously-controls-pontine-neuronal-migration-and-nucleus-formation
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Zhu, Tatsumi Hirata, Fabienne Mackay, Fujio Murakami
Long distance tangential migration transports neurons from their birth places to distant destinations to be incorporated into neuronal circuits. How neuronal migration is guided during these long journeys is still not fully understood. We address this issue by studying the migration of pontine nucleus (PN) neurons in the mouse hindbrain. PN neurons migrate from the lower rhombic lip first anteriorly and then turn ventrally near the trigeminal ganglion root towards the anterior ventral hindbrain. Previously we showed that in mouse depleted of chemokine receptor CXCR4 or its ligand CXCL12, PN neurons make their anterior-to-ventral turn at posteriorized positions...
July 16, 2020: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32553121/ddx3x-suppresses-the-susceptibility-of-hindbrain-lineages-to-medulloblastoma
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deanna M Patmore, Amir Jassim, Erica Nathan, Reuben J Gilbertson, Daniel Tahan, Nadin Hoffmann, Yiai Tong, Kyle S Smith, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti, Hiromichi Suzuki, Michael D Taylor, Paul Northcott, Richard J Gilbertson
DEAD-Box Helicase 3 X-Linked (DDX3X) is frequently mutated in the Wingless (WNT) and Sonic hedghog (SHH) subtypes of medulloblastoma-the commonest malignant childhood brain tumor, but whether DDX3X functions as a medulloblastoma oncogene or tumor suppressor gene is not known. Here, we show that Ddx3x regulates hindbrain patterning and development by controlling Hox gene expression and cell stress signaling. In mice predisposed to Wnt- or Shh medulloblastoma, Ddx3x sensed oncogenic stress and suppressed tumor formation...
August 24, 2020: Developmental Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32338650/purification-of-prominin-1-stem-cells-from-postnatal-mouse-cerebellum
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chandrakanth Reddy Edamakanti, Puneet Opal
Most cerebellar neurons arise from two embryonic stem niches: a rhombic lip niche, which generates all the cerebellar excitatory glutamatergic neurons, and a ventricular zone niche, which generates the inhibitory GABAergic Purkinje cells, which are neurons that constitute the deep cerebellar nuclei and Bergman glia. Recently, a third stem cell niche has been described that arises as a secondary germinal zone from the ventricular zone niche. The cells of this niche are defined by the cell surface marker prominin-1 and are localized to the developing white matter of the postnatal cerebellum...
April 12, 2020: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32012186/the-interplay-of-atoh1-genes-in-the-lower-rhombic-lip-during-hindbrain-morphogenesis
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ivan Belzunce, Carla Belmonte-Mateos, Cristina Pujades
The Lower Rhombic Lip (LRL) is a transient neuroepithelial structure of the dorsal hindbrain, which expands from r2 to r7, and gives rise to deep nuclei of the brainstem, such as the vestibular and auditory nuclei and most posteriorly the precerebellar nuclei. Although there is information about the contribution of specific proneural-progenitor populations to specific deep nuclei, and the distinct rhombomeric contribution, little is known about how progenitor cells from the LRL behave during neurogenesis and how their transition into differentiation is regulated...
2020: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31869353/analyses-with-double-knockouts-of-the-bmpr1a-and-bmpr1b-genes-demonstrate-that-bmp-signaling-is-involved-in-the-formation-of-precerebellar-mossy-fiber-nuclei-derived-from-the-rhombic-lip
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lihua Qin, Kyung J Ahn, Lara Wine Lee, Charles de Charleroy, E Bryan Crenshaw
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been hypothesized to specify distinct dorsal neural fates. During neural development, BMPs are expressed in the roof plate and adjacent neuroepithelium. Because several hindbrain nuclei that form the proprioceptive/vestibular/auditory sensory network originate from the rhombic lip, near the roof plate, BMP signaling may regulate the development of these nuclei. To test this hypothesis genetically, we have examined the development of the hindbrain in BMP type I receptor knockout mice...
2019: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31768071/stalled-developmental-programs-at-the-root-of-pediatric-brain-tumors
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Selin Jessa, Alexis Blanchet-Cohen, Brian Krug, Maria Vladoiu, Marie Coutelier, Damien Faury, Brice Poreau, Nicolas De Jay, Steven Hébert, Jean Monlong, W Todd Farmer, Laura K Donovan, Yixing Hu, Melissa K McConechy, Florence M G Cavalli, Leonie G Mikael, Benjamin Ellezam, Maxime Richer, Andréa Allaire, Alexander G Weil, Jeffrey Atkinson, Jean-Pierre Farmer, Roy W R Dudley, Valerie Larouche, Louis Crevier, Steffen Albrecht, Mariella G Filbin, Hervé Sartelet, Pierre-Eric Lutz, Corina Nagy, Gustavo Turecki, Santiago Costantino, Peter B Dirks, Keith K Murai, Guillaume Bourque, Jiannis Ragoussis, Livia Garzia, Michael D Taylor, Nada Jabado, Claudia L Kleinman
Childhood brain tumors have suspected prenatal origins. To identify vulnerable developmental states, we generated a single-cell transcriptome atlas of >65,000 cells from embryonal pons and forebrain, two major tumor locations. We derived signatures for 191 distinct cell populations and defined the regional cellular diversity and differentiation dynamics. Projection of bulk tumor transcriptomes onto this dataset shows that WNT medulloblastomas match the rhombic lip-derived mossy fiber neuronal lineage and embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes fully recapitulate a neuronal lineage, while group 2a/b atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors may originate outside the neuroectoderm...
December 2019: Nature Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31624095/spatiotemporal-expansion-of-primary-progenitor-zones-in-the-developing-human-cerebellum
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Parthiv Haldipur, Kimberly A Aldinger, Silvia Bernardo, Mei Deng, Andrew E Timms, Lynne M Overman, Conrad Winter, Steven N Lisgo, Ferechte Razavi, Evelina Silvestri, Lucia Manganaro, Homa Adle-Biassette, Fabien Guimiot, Rosa Russo, Debora Kidron, Patrick R Hof, Dianne Gerrelli, Susan J Lindsay, William B Dobyns, Ian A Glass, Paula Alexandre, Kathleen J Millen
We present histological and molecular analyses of the developing human cerebellum from 30 days after conception to 9 months after birth. Differences in developmental patterns between humans and mice include spatiotemporal expansion of both ventricular and rhombic lip primary progenitor zones to include subventricular zones containing basal progenitors. The human rhombic lip persists longer through cerebellar development than in the mouse and undergoes morphological changes to form a progenitor pool in the posterior lobule, which is not seen in other organisms, not even in the nonhuman primate the macaque...
October 25, 2019: Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31131952/the-generation-of-granule-cells-during-the-development-and-evolution-of-the-cerebellum
#32
REVIEW
Angelo Iulianella, Richard J Wingate, Cecilia B Moens, Emily Capaldo
The cerebellum coordinates vestibular input into the hindbrain to control balance and movement, and its anatomical complexity is increasingly viewed as a high-throughput processing center for sensory and cognitive functions. Cerebellum development however is relatively simple, and arises from a specialized structure in the anterior hindbrain called the rhombic lip, which along with the ventricular zone of the rostral-most dorsal hindbrain region, give rise to the distinct cell types that constitute the cerebellum...
July 2019: Developmental Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30775968/generation-of-the-squamous-epithelial-roof-of-the-4-th-ventricle
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Florent Campo-Paysaa, Jonathan Dw Clarke, Richard Jt Wingate
We use the transparency of zebrafish embryos to reveal the de novo generation of a simple squamous epithelium and identify the cellular architecture in the epithelial transition zone that ties this squamous epithelium to the columnar neuroepithelium within the embryo's brain. The simple squamous epithelium of the rhombencephalic roof plate is pioneered by distinct mesenchymal cells at the dorsal midline of the neural tube. Subsequently, a progenitor zone is established at the interface between columnar epithelium of the rhombic lip and the expanding squamous epithelium of the roof plate...
February 18, 2019: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30764875/genetic-deletion-of-genes-in-the-cerebellar-rhombic-lip-lineage-can-stimulate-compensation-through-adaptive-reprogramming-of-ventricular-zone-derived-progenitors
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandre Wojcinski, Morgane Morabito, Andrew K Lawton, Daniel N Stephen, Alexandra L Joyner
BACKGROUND: The cerebellum is a foliated posterior brain structure involved in coordination of motor movements and cognition. The cerebellum undergoes rapid growth postnataly due to Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling-dependent proliferation of ATOH1+ granule cell precursors (GCPs) in the external granule cell layer (EGL), a key step for generating cerebellar foliation and the correct number of granule cells. Due to its late development, the cerebellum is particularly vulnerable to injury from preterm birth and stress around birth...
February 14, 2019: Neural Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30735127/specification-of-diverse-cell-types-during-early-neurogenesis-of-the-mouse-cerebellum
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John W Wizeman, Qiuxia Guo, Elliot M Wilion, James Yh Li
We applied single-cell RNA sequencing to profile genome-wide gene expression in about 9,400 individual cerebellar cells from the mouse embryo at embryonic day 13.5. Reiterative clustering identified the major cerebellar cell types and subpopulations of different lineages. Through pseudotemporal ordering to reconstruct developmental trajectories, we identified novel transcriptional programs controlling cell fate specification of populations arising from the ventricular zone and the rhombic lip, two distinct germinal zones of the embryonic cerebellum...
February 8, 2019: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30470704/the-zinc-finger-transcription-factor-gli3-is-a-regulator-of-precerebellar-neuronal-migration
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erick Martinez-Chavez, Claudia Scheerer, Andrea Wizenmann, Sandra Blaess
Hindbrain precerebellar neurons arise from progenitor pools at the dorsal edge of the embryonic hindbrain, the caudal rhombic lip. These neurons follow distinct migratory routes to establish nuclei that provide climbing or mossy fiber inputs to the cerebellum. Gli3 , a zinc transcription factor in the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway, is an important regulator of dorsal brain development. We demonstrate that in Gli3 null mutant mice disrupted neuronal migratory streams lead to a disorganization of precerebellar nuclei...
November 23, 2018: Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29972353/loss-of-atoh1-from-neurons-regulating-hypoxic-and-hypercapnic-chemoresponses-causes-neonatal-respiratory-failure-in-mice
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meike E van der Heijden, Huda Y Zoghbi
Atoh1 -null mice die at birth from respiratory failure, but the precise cause has remained elusive. Loss of Atoh1 from various components of the respiratory circuitry (e.g. the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN)) has so far produced at most 50% neonatal lethality. To identify other Atoh1 -lineage neurons that contribute to postnatal survival, we examined parabrachial complex neurons derived from the rostral rhombic lip (rRL) and found that they are activated during respiratory chemochallenges. Atoh1 -deletion from the rRL does not affect survival, but causes apneas and respiratory depression during hypoxia, likely due to loss of projections to the preBötzinger Complex and RTN...
July 4, 2018: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29582169/medulloblastoma-wnt-activated-shh-activated-clinical-impact-of-molecular-analysis-and-histogenetic-evaluation
#38
REVIEW
Eduardo Cambruzzi
PURPOSE: Medulloblastoma (MDB) is a small cell poorly differentiated embryonal tumor of the cerebellum, which more frequently compromises children. Overall prognosis is favorable, but dependent of stage, histopathological pattern and molecular group. Approximately 30% of the affected patients will die from the disease. WHO 2016 Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS) has been classified MDB into four principal groups: WNT-activated MDB, SHH-activated MDB, group 3 MDB, and group 4 MDB...
May 2018: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29548943/multiple-zebrafish-atoh1-genes-specify-a-diversity-of-neuronal-types-in-the-zebrafish-cerebellum
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chelsea U Kidwell, Chen-Ying Su, Masahiko Hibi, Cecilia B Moens
A single Atoh1 basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor specifies multiple neuron types in the mammalian cerebellum and anterior hindbrain. The zebrafish genome encodes three paralagous atoh1 genes whose functions in cerebellum and anterior hindbrain development we explore here. With use of a transgenic reporter, we report that zebrafish atoh1c-expressing cells are organized in two distinct domains that are separated both by space and developmental time. An early isthmic expression domain gives rise to an extracerebellar population in rhombomere 1 and an upper rhombic lip domain gives rise to granule cell progenitors that migrate to populate all four granule cell territories of the fish cerebellum...
June 1, 2018: Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29444422/netrin-1-confines-rhombic-lip-derived-neurons-to-the-cns
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea R Yung, Noah R Druckenbrod, Jean-François Cloutier, Zhuhao Wu, Marc Tessier-Lavigne, Lisa V Goodrich
During brainstem development, newborn neurons originating from the rhombic lip embark on exceptionally long migrations to generate nuclei important for audition, movement, and respiration. Along the way, this highly motile population passes several cranial nerves yet remains confined to the CNS. We found that Ntn1 accumulates beneath the pial surface separating the CNS from the PNS, with gaps at nerve entry sites. In mice null for Ntn1 or its receptor DCC, hindbrain neurons enter cranial nerves and migrate into the periphery...
February 13, 2018: Cell Reports
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