Uric acid amyloid

AIMS: Despite their potential, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have not been well-studied in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) as randomized trials have excluded patients with this morbid disease. We performed a retrospective study assessing the short-term efficacy and safety of SGLT2i in ATTR-CM. METHODS AND RESULTS: We screened consecutive patients seen at a tertiary care centre and identified 87 ATTR-CM patients treated with SGLT2i and 95 untreated control patients...

Novel insights into the etiology of metabolic disorders have recently been uncovered through the study of metabolite amyloids. In particular, inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs), including gout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS), xanthinuria, citrullinemia, and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria (HHH) syndrome, are attributed to the dysfunction of the urea cycle and uric acid pathway. In this study, we endeavored to understand and mechanistically characterize the aggregative property exhibited by the principal metabolites of the urea cycle and uric acid pathway, specifically hypoxanthine, xanthine, citrulline, and ornithine...

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a type of cerebrovascular disorder characterised by the accumulation of amyloid within the leptomeninges and small/medium-sized cerebral blood vessels. Typically, cerebral haemorrhages are one of the first clinical manifestations of CAA, posing a considerable challenge to the timely diagnosis of CAA as the bleedings only occur during the later disease stages. Fluid biomarkers may change prior to imaging biomarkers, and therefore, they could be the future of CAA diagnosis...

We aimed to examine the potential effect of sex on the longitudinal association of baseline serum uric acid levels with brain amyloid accumulation over time among older adults with and without abnormal amyloid. At baseline, the study sample comprised 499 older adults, including 276 men and 223 women. Linear mixed-effects regression models were fitted to estimate the individual slopes of change in brain amyloid accumulation [as measured by AV45 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR)] over time. At baseline, we did not observe a relationship between serum uric acid levels and brain amyloid deposition in women or men regardless of amyloid status...

Clinical trials have demonstrated the potential neuroprotective effects of uric acid (UA) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the specific mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of UA remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect and underlying mechanism of UA in AD mouse models. Various behavioral tests including an elevated plus maze, Barnes maze, and Morris water maze were conducted to evaluate the impact of UA on cognitive function in β-amyloid (Aβ) microinjection and APP23/PS45 double transgenic mice models of AD...

This work explored the activities of bergamot oil nano-emulsion (NBG) in modulating blood biochemical parameters, redox status, immunity indices, inflammation markers, semen quality, testicular changes and the expression of HSPs genes in stressed rabbit bucks. Twenty-four mature rabbit bucks (5 months) were randomly divided into three groups; control group (NBG0) received 1 ml of distilled water, while the other two groups received NBG orally at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg (bw) twice a week. The present study's findings revealed that treated groups had lower values of total and direct bilirubin, triglyceride, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine compared with NBG0 group ( p  < 0...

BACKGROUND: Gout is a common metabolic rheumatic disease, and there have been no reports on the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-41 in gout patients. The purpose of this study was to therefore determine the expression of IL-41 in the serum of gout patients. METHODS: Eighty-one participants were enrolled in this study, including 34 patients with acute gout, 27 gout patients in remission, and 20 healthy controls (HCs). Baseline data were obtained through interviews and laboratory parameters were acquired via blood sample testing...

The present study investigated the neuroprotective and nephroprotective effects of the sponge Ircinia sp. ethyl acetate extract (ISPE) against persistent aromatic pollutants in vitro and in vivo. Different exponential experimental assays were applied to this study. An in vitro study to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of ISPE using antioxidants (for example, ABTS and DPPH) and anti-Alzheimer assays (inhibition of acetylcholinesterase); the in-vivo study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of ISPE as neuroprotective and nephroprotective against the destructive effect of PAH...

BACKGROUND: Substantial evidence suggests that immunoproteasome is implicated in the various neurological diseases such as stroke, multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether the immunoproteasome itself deficiency causes brain disease is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the contribution of the immunoproteasome subunit low molecular weight protein 2 (LMP2) in neurobehavioral functions. METHODS: Male LMP2 gene completed knockout (LMP2-KO) and littermate wild type (WT) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 12-month-old were used for neurobehavioral testing and detection of proteins expression by western blotting and immunofluorescence...

Amyloidosis is a large group of diseases that occur through misfolding of extracellular proteins that accumulate in tissues and organs. Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis worldwide and starts with the crystallization of uric acid within the joints and soft tissues. Although gouty arthritis is accompanied by inflammation, AA amyloidosis is rarely seen in patients with gout. Here we present a case of AA amyloidosis on the medullary sponge kidney in a 28-year-old man with gout. Our case had been diagnosed with gout 3 years previously, and his older brother was also diagnosed with early-onset gout...

Background: Cognitive impairment (CI) has become a worldwide health problem. The relationship between CI and uric acid (UA) is contradictory. Objective: We included participants with a full spectrum of CI, from cognitively unimpaired (CU) to dementia, from the Chongqing Ageing & Dementia Study (CADS). Methods: First, we identified the relationships between serum UA (sUA) and cognitive function in different stages of CI. Second, we analyzed these relationships among different stages and types of CI...

Background: The etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is very complex. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is important in cognitive ability and nervous system development. A limited number of studies have evaluated the efficacy of DHA in the treatment of AD. Introduction: We detected neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in the hippocampus and cortex of transgenic mice brain through silver glycine staining. We determined the activity of neurons by staining Nissl bodies, used liquid NMR to detect metabolites in the brain, and functional magnetic resonance imaging results to observe the connection signal value between brain regions...

Purpose: To explored Relationship between uric acid and cerebral amyloid angiopathy; Materials and methods: ZO-1 and RAGE in HBMECs were detected by western blotting, and then, we analyzed ZO-1, occludin, and RAGE mRNA expression levels in different treatment groups using RTPCR. Cell counts and the relative αSMA fluorescence intensity were measured in order to evaluate the protective effect of uric acid against injury to HBVSMCs. Analysis of variance showed that LDH leakage rate was used to verify the uric acid protective effect on the injury induced by Aβ1-40...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with the deposition of β-amyloid in the brain. AD accounts for over 50% of cases of dementia which results from disturbances in redox homeostasis. Indeed, increased intensity of protein oxidation and nitration as well as lipid peroxidation is observed in brain areas with considerable amounts of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. However, little is known about the oxidoreductive balance of salivary glands in AD patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant barrier and oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers in stimulated saliva and blood of AD patients...

The effects of tea tree essential oil (TTEO) and lemongrass essential oil (LGEO) with different stocking densities on the growth performance, biochemical markers, antioxidants, and immunity state of broiler chickens were studied.  Birds were housed at stocking densities of 25, 30, 35, and 40 kg/m2 . The treatments were, basal diet without any supplementation, the second and third groups were supplemented with 300 mg TTEO/kg feed, and 300 mg LGEO/kg feed, respectively. Results revealed that increasing stocking density from 25 to 40 kg/m2  significantly reduced body weight and daily weight gain at different ages...

Objective: To explore the correlation of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules(DAMPs) serum S100, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) and uric acid (UA) with age and body mass index (BMI) to provide direction for further study of metabolic inflammation and inflammaging. Methods: The observational study method was used,and three hundred and sixty-six healthy people (131 males and 235 females) were selected from the physical examination center of the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province from May to October 2020...

BACKGROUND: Serum uric acid (SUA) affects the reaction of oxidative stress and free radicals in the neurodegenerative processes. However, whether SUA impacts Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore whether high SUA levels can aggravate the neurobiological changes of AD in preclinical AD. METHODS: We analyzed cognitively intact participants (n = 839, age 62.16 years) who received SUA and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers (amyloid-β [Aβ], total tau [t-Tau], and phosphorylated tau [p-Tau]) measurements from the Chinese Alzheimer's Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) database using multivariable-adjusted linear models...

Uric acid is a powerful antioxidant. However, its elevated levels in association with cardiovascular diseases predispose individuals to cognitive impairment. Uric acid's effects on cognition may be related to its concentration and exposure period. We aimed to explore the effects of long-term elevated serum uric acid on cognitive function and hippocampus. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: NC, M1, M2 and M3 groups. Hyperuricemia was established in rats at week 6 and maintained until week 48 in groups M1, M2 and M3...

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and inflammation are central in the pathophysiology of light-chain amyloid cardiomyopathy (AL-CM). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) is an antioxidant and acts as an anti-inflammatory regulator. In this study, the prognostic value of serum HDL-C was explored in AL-CM. METHOD: In this prospective single-center study, two hundred consecutive patients with biopsy-confirmed light-chain amyloidosis (AL) and cardiac involvement were enrolled...

BACKGROUND: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is characterized by sporadic, recurrent attacks of fever and serosal inflammation. AA amyloidosis (AAA) is a disorder characterized by the extracellular tissue deposition of serum amyloid A protein (SAA). Azurocidin is a neutrophil-derived granule protein. We aimed to investigate the significance of azurocidin in FMF and AAA and the correlation between azurocidin levels and carotid artery intima media thickness (CA-IMT) and cardiovascular plaque existence...