keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535468/induction-of-autophagy-by-extract-from-corydalis-heterocarpa-for-skin-anti-aging
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyeong Eun Yang, Soo-Bin Nam, Ga-Eun Lee, Gabsik Yang, Mee-Hyun Lee, Geul Bang, Jung Hoon Choi, Yong-Yeon Cho, Cheol-Jung Lee
The extracts of Corydalis heterocarpa , a salt-tolerant plant, exhibit diverse physiological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiadipogenic effects. However, the anti-aging effects of C. heterocarpa extract (CHE) on human skin cells have not yet been investigated. In the present study, we determined that CHE inhibited senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal)-stained senescent human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Furthermore, CHE markedly suppressed the expression of major regulatory proteins involved in senescence, including p53, p21, and caveolin-1...
March 8, 2024: Marine Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533025/exosomes-and-exosomal-mirnas-a-new-avenue-for-the-future-treatment-of-rheumatoid-arthritis
#2
REVIEW
Yuan Liu, Ping Jiang, Yuan Qu, Chuanguo Liu, Di Zhang, Bing Xu, Qian Zhang
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that involves mainly synovitis and joint injury and is one of the main causes of disability. The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis is complicated, and the treatment cycle is long. The traditional methods of inhibiting inflammation and immunosuppression are no longer sufficient for treatment of the disease, so there is an urgent need to seek new treatments. The exocrine microenvironment is a kind of microvesicle with a lipid bilayer membrane structure that can be secreted by most cells in the body...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524239/rapid-induction-of-dopaminergic-neuron-like-cells-from-human-fibroblasts-by-autophagy-activation-with-only-2-small-molecules
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natchadaporn Sorraksa, Palakorn Kaokaen, Phongsakorn Kunhorm, Nudjanad Heebkaew, Wilasinee Promjantuek, Parinya Noisa
The dopaminergic neurons are responsible for the release of dopamine. Several diseases that affect motor function, including Parkinson's disease (PD), are rooted in inadequate dopamine (DA) neurotransmission. The study's goal was to create a quick way to make dopaminergic neuron-like cells from human fibroblasts (hNF) using only two small molecules: hedgehog pathway inhibitor 1 (HPI-1) and neurodazine (NZ). Two small compounds have been shown to induce the transdifferentiation of hNF cells into dopaminergic neuron-like cells...
April 2024: 3 Biotech
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518246/copper-ii-complexes-with-2-2-6-2%C3%A2-terpyridine-derivatives-displaying-dimeric-dichloro-%C3%AE-bridged-crystal-structure-biological-activities-from-2d-and-3d-tumor-spheroids-to-in-vivo-models
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katarzyna Choroba, Barbara Machura, Karol Erfurt, Ana Rita Casimiro, Sandra Cordeiro, Pedro V Baptista, Alexandra R Fernandes
Eight 2,2':6',2″-terpyridines, substituted at the 4'-position with aromatic groups featuring variations in π-conjugation, ring size, heteroatoms, and methoxy groups, were employed to enhance the antiproliferative potential of [Cu2 Cl2 (R-terpy)2 ](PF6 )2 . Assessing the cytotoxicity in A2780 (ovarian carcinoma), HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma), and HCT116DoxR (colorectal carcinoma resistant to doxorubicin) and normal primary fibroblasts revealed that Cu(II) complexes with 4-quinolinyl, 4-methoxy-1-naphthyl, 2-furanyl, and 2-pyridynyl substituents showed superior therapeutic potential in HCT116DoxR cells with significantly reduced cytotoxicity in normal fibroblasts (42-129× lower)...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515161/htra1-driven-detachment-of-type-i-collagen-from-endoplasmic-reticulum-contributes-to-myocardial-fibrosis-in-dilated-cardiomyopathy
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongjie Shi, Ming Yuan, Jie Cai, Lan Lan, Yumou Wang, Wei Wang, Jianliang Zhou, Bin Wang, Wenjun Yu, Zhe Dong, Dawei Deng, Qiaofeng Qian, Yang Li, Xianwu Zhou, Jinping Liu
BACKGROUND: The aberrant secretion and excessive deposition of type I collagen (Col1) are important factors in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the synthesis and secretion of Col1 remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: RNA-sequencing analysis revealed an increased HtrA serine peptidase 1 (HTRA1) expression in patients with DCM, which is strongly correlated with myocardial fibrosis...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Translational Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502532/exploiting-co-iii-cyclopentadienyl-complexes-to-develop-anticancer-agents
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
João Franco Machado, Sandra Cordeiro, Joana N Duarte, Paulo J Costa, Paulo J Mendes, Maria Helena Garcia, Pedro V Baptista, Alexandra R Fernandes, Tânia S Morais
In recent years, organometallic complexes have attracted much attention as anticancer therapeutics aiming at overcoming the limitations of platinum drugs that are currently marketed. Still, the development of half-sandwich organometallic cobalt complexes remains scarcely explored. Four new cobalt(III)-cyclopentadienyl complexes containing N,N-heteroaromatic bidentate, and phosphane ligands were synthesized and fully characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques, and DFT methods. The cytotoxicity of all complexes was determined in vitro by the MTS assay in colorectal (HCT116), ovarian (A2780), and breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) human cancer cell lines and in a healthy human cell line (fibroblasts)...
March 19, 2024: Inorganic Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499918/evaluation-of-autophagy-in-conjunctival-fibroblasts
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Parvaneh Mehrbod, Paola Brun, Umberto Rosani, Andrea Leonardi, Saeid Ghavami
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a serious eye allergy characterized by poorly understood pathogenic mechanisms and a lack of effective treatments. Autophagy, a process involved in both triggering and suppressing immune and inflammatory responses, plays a role in VKC's pathophysiology. Understanding autophagy's involvement in VKC could lead to new treatment possibilities, such as utilizing specific topical substances to induce or inhibit autophagy and prevent severe complications of this eye condition. In our current protocol, we present a robust methodology established in our laboratory for studying autophagy in primary conjunctival fibroblasts...
March 19, 2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38493384/emerging-role-of-fibroblasts-in-vitiligo-a-formerly-underestimated-rising-star
#8
REVIEW
Yue Wu, Yiwen Yang, Yi Lin, Yuecen Ding, Ziqi Liu, Leihong Xiang, Mauro Picardo, Chengfeng Zhang
Vitiligo is a disfiguring depigmentation disorder characterized by loss of melanocytes. Although numerous studies have been conducted on the pathogenesis of vitiligo, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Although most studies have focused on melanocytes and keratinocytes, growing evidence suggests the involvement of dermal fibroblasts, residing deeper in the skin. This review aims to elucidate the role of fibroblasts in both the physiological regulation of skin pigmentation and their pathological contribution to depigmentation, with the goal of shedding light on the involvement of fibroblasts in vitiligo...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Investigative Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492889/patient-derived-neuron-model-capturing-age-dependent-adult-onset-degenerative-pathology-in-huntington-s-disease
#9
REVIEW
Young Mi Oh, Seong Won Lee
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in directly reprogramming (converting) human fibroblasts into neurons. Specifically, miR-9/9* and miR-124 (miR-9/9*-124) display neurogenic and cell fate-switching activities when ectopically expressed in human fibroblasts by erasing fibroblast identity and inducing a pan-neuronal state. These converted neurons maintain the biological age of the starting fibroblasts and thus provide a human neuron-based platform to study cellular properties in aged neurons and model adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders using patient-derived cells...
March 14, 2024: Molecules and Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488519/bag3-localizes-to-mitochondria-in-cardiac-fibroblasts-and-regulates-mitophagy
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas G Martin, Laura A Sherer, Jonathan A Kirk
The co-chaperone BAG3 is a central node in protein quality control in the heart. In humans and animal models, decreased BAG3 expression is associated with cardiac dysfunction and dilated cardiomyopathy. While previous studies focused on BAG3 in cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts are also critical drivers of pathologic remodeling. Yet, BAG3's role in cardiac fibroblasts is almost completely unexplored. Here, we show BAG3 is expressed in primary rat neonatal cardiac fibroblasts and preferentially localizes to mitochondria...
March 15, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488029/role-and-molecular-mechanisms-of-sglt2-inhibitors-in-pathological-cardiac-remodeling-review
#11
REVIEW
Bixian Chen, Jing Guo, Hongmei Ye, Xinyu Wang, Yufei Feng
Cardiovascular diseases are caused by pathological cardiac remodeling, which involves fibrosis, inflammation and cell dysfunction. This includes autophagy, apoptosis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, changes in energy metabolism, angiogenesis and dysregulation of signaling pathways. These changes in heart structure and/or function ultimately result in heart failure. In an effort to prevent this, multiple cardiovascular outcome trials have demonstrated the cardiac benefits of sodium‑glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), hypoglycemic drugs initially designed to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus...
May 2024: Molecular Medicine Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481544/qingguang-an-induced-autophagy-in-tfs-inhibits-scar-formation-a-follow-up-in%C3%A2-vivo-mechanistic-investigation
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rong Hu, Xian-Jing Wang, Shu Chen, Yun Huang, Juan Yu
PURPOSE: To investigate the mechanism by which Qingguang'an inhibits scar formation in rabbits administered glaucoma filtering surgery (GFS). METHODS: Combined trabeculectomy was performed in 100 rabbits diagnosed with glaucoma, which were assigned to five groups, including the no surgery, surgery only, mitomycin C (MMC; positive control), Qingguang'an (experimental) and PBS (negative control) groups. The animals were followed up at postoperative days 1-28. Ultrastructure was observed under a transmission electron microscope (TEM)...
March 2024: Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38470198/dysregulated-proteome-and-n-glycoproteome-in-alg1-deficient-fibroblasts
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rohit Budhraja, Neha Joshi, Silvia Radenkovic, Tamas Kozicz, Eva Morava, Akhilesh Pandey
Asparagine-linked glycosylation 1 protein is a β-1,4-mannosyltransferase, is encoded by the ALG1 gene, which catalyzes the first step of mannosylation in N-glycosylation. Pathogenic variants in ALG1 cause a rare autosomal recessive disorder termed as ALG1-CDG. We performed a quantitative proteomics and N-glycoproteomics study in fibroblasts derived from patients with one homozygous and two compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in ALG1. Several proteins that exhibited significant upregulation included insulin-like growth factor II and pleckstrin, whereas hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 was downregulated...
March 12, 2024: Proteomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468333/the-intracellular-interplay-between-galectin-1-and-fgf12-in-the-assembly-of-ribosome-biogenesis-complex
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksandra Gędaj, Aleksandra Chorążewska, Krzysztof Ciura, Radosław Karelus, Dominika Żukowska, Martyna Biaduń, Marta Kalka, Małgorzata Zakrzewska, Natalia Porębska, Łukasz Opaliński
Galectins constitute a class of lectins that specifically interact with β-galactoside sugars in glycoconjugates and are implicated in diverse cellular processes, including transport, autophagy or signaling. Since most of the activity of galectins depends on their ability to bind sugar chains, galectins exert their functions mainly in the extracellular space or at the cell surface, which are microenvironments highly enriched in glycoconjugates. Galectins are also abundant inside cells, but their specific intracellular functions are largely unknown...
March 11, 2024: Cell Communication and Signaling: CCS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465922/ferritinophagy-assessing-the-selective-degradation-of-iron-by-autophagy-in-human-fibroblasts
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carmen J Pastor-Maldonado, Tassula Proikas-Cezanne
Mutations in the autophagy gene WDR45/WIPI4 are the cause of beta-propeller-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN), a subtype of human diseases known as neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) due to the presence of iron deposits in the brains of patients. Intracellular iron levels are tightly regulated by a number of cellular mechanisms, including the critical mechanism of ferritinophagy. This paper describes how ferritinophagy can be assessed in primary, skin-derived human fibroblasts. In this protocol, we use iron-modulating conditions for inducing or inhibiting ferritinophagy at the cellular level, such as the administration of bafilomycin A1 to inhibit lysosome function and ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) or deferasiox (DFX) treatments to overload or deplete iron, respectively...
February 23, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463857/dihydroartemisinin-dha-inhibits-myofibroblast-differentiation-through-inducing-ferroptosis-mediated-by-ferritinophagy
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ningning Yu, Nan Wang, Weiqun Zhang, Junyu Xue, Quan Zhou, Fengai Hu, Xuelian Bai, Naiguo Liu
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is caused by persistent micro-injuries and aberrant repair processes. Myofibroblast differentiation in lung is a key event for abnormal repair. Dihydroartemisinin(DHA), a well-known anti-malarial drug, have been shown to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis, but its mechanism is not clear. Ferroptosis is involved in the pathgenesis of many diseases, including IPF. Ferritinophagy is a form of cellular autophagy which regulates intracellular iron homeostasis. The function of DHA on myofibroblasts differentiation of pulmonary and whether related with ferroptosis and ferritinophagy are unknown now...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38460357/shikonin-suppresses-rheumatoid-arthritis-by-inducing-apoptosis-and-autophagy-via-modulation-of-the-ampk-mtor-ulk-1-signaling-pathway
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao-Hua Wang, Chuan-Pu Shen, Tian-Tian Wang, Yan Huang, Yuan Jin, Meng-Yuan Zhou, Man-Yu Zhang, Sheng-Long Gu, Meng-Qing Wang, Zhi-Cheng Liu, Rong Li, Li Cai
BACKGROUND: The overproliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) contributes to synovial hyperplasia, a pivotal pathological feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Shikonin (SKN), the active compound from Lithospermum erythrorhizon, exerts anti-RA effects by diverse means. However, further research is needed to confirm SKN's in vitro and in vivo anti-proliferative functions and reveal the underlying specific molecular mechanisms. PURPOSE: This study revealed SKN's anti-proliferative effects by inducing both apoptosis and autophagic cell death in RA FLS and adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat synovium, with involvement of regulating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK-1 pathway...
March 2, 2024: Phytomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438063/tetrandrine-alleviates-pulmonary-fibrosis-by-inhibiting-alveolar-epithelial-cell-senescence-through-pink1-parkin-mediated-mitophagy
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lanhe Chu, Jinzhong Zhuo, Haohua Huang, Weimou Chen, Wenshan Zhong, Jinming Zhang, Xiaojing Meng, Fei Zhou, Shaoxi Cai, Mengchen Zou, Hangming Dong
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal and insidious interstitial lung disease. So far, there are no effective drugs for preventing the disease process. Cellular senescence plays a critical role in the development of IPF, with the senescence and insufficient mitophagy of alveolar epithelial cells being implicated in its pathogenesis. Tetrandrine is a natural alkaloid which is now produced synthetically. It was known that the tetrandrine has anti-fibrotic effects, but the efficacy and mechanisms are still not well evaluated...
March 2, 2024: European Journal of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438032/atmospheric-fine-particulate-matter-pm-2-5-induces-pulmonary-fibrosis-by-regulating-different-cell-fates-via-autophagy
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bingyan Liu, Yangchen Han, Yiyuan Ye, Xiaoran Wei, Gang Li, Wei Jiang
The presence of respiratory diseases demonstrates a positive correlation with atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) exposure. The respiratory system is the main target organ affected by PM2.5 , and exposure to PM2.5 elevates the likelihood of developing pulmonary fibrosis (PF). In this study, lung epithelial cell (BEAS-2B) and fibroblast (NIH-3T3) were used as in vitro exposure models to explore the mechanisms of PF. PM2.5 exposure caused mitochondrial damage in BEAS-2B cells and increased a fibrotic phenotype in NIH-3T3 cells...
March 2, 2024: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38423516/fbxl4-safeguarding-against-mitochondrial-depletion-through-suppression-of-mitophagy
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Prajakta Kulkarni, Giang Thanh Nguyen-Dien, Keri-Lyn Kozul, Julia K Pagan
Mitophagy is a critical mitochondrial quality control process that selectively removes dysfunctional or excess mitochondria through the autophagy-lysosome system. The process is tightly controlled to ensure cellular and physiological homeostasis. Insufficient mitophagy can result in failure to remove damaged mitochondria and consequent cellular degeneration, but it is equally important to appropriately restrain mitophagy to prevent excessive mitochondrial depletion. Here, we discuss our recent discovery that the SKP1-CUL1-F-box (SCF)-FBXL4 (F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 4) E3 ubiquitin ligase localizes to the mitochondrial outer membrane, where it constitutively mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of BNIP3L/NIX and BNIP3 mitophagy receptors to suppress mitophagy...
February 29, 2024: Autophagy
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