keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536900/optimized-bags-of-artificial-neural-networks-can-predict-the-viability-of-organisms-exposed-to-nanoparticles
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ravithree D Senanayake, Clyde A Daly, Rigoberto Hernandez
Prediction of organismal viability upon exposure to a nanoparticle in varying environments─as fully specified at the molecular scale─has emerged as a useful figure of merit in the design of engineered nanoparticles. We build on our earlier finding that a bag of artificial neural networks (ANNs) can provide such a prediction when such machines are trained with a relatively small data set (with ca. 200 examples). Therein, viabilities were predicted by consensus using the weighted means of the predictions from the bags...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536107/benchmarking-machine-learning-based-real-time-respiratory-signal-predictors-in-4d-sbrt
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lukas Wimmert, Maximilian Nielsen, Frederic Madesta, Tobias Gauer, Christian Hofmann, Rene Werner
BACKGROUND: Stereotactic body radiotherapy of thoracic and abdominal tumors has to account for respiratory intrafractional tumor motion. Commonly, an external breathing signal is continuously acquired that serves as a surrogate of the tumor motion and forms the basis of strategies like breathing-guided imaging and gated dose delivery. However, due to inherent system latencies, there exists a temporal lag between the acquired respiratory signal and the system response. Respiratory signal prediction models aim to compensate for the time delays and to improve imaging and dose delivery...
March 27, 2024: Medical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535518/acute-effects-of-various-doses-of-nitrate-rich-beetroot-juice-on-high-intensity-interval-exercise-responses-in-women-a-randomized-double-blinded-placebo-controlled-crossover-trial
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhang Jiaqi, Dai Zihan, Stephen Heung-Sang Wong, Zheng Chen, Eric Tsz-Chun Poon
BACKGROUND: This study investigated the acute effects of various doses of nitrate-rich beetroot juice on the responses to high-intensity interval exercise in women. METHODS: A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial was conducted with 13 recreationally active young women (age = 23 ± 2 years). All participants performed interval exercise (8 × 1-min bouts of cycling at 85% of peak power output [PPO] interspersed with 1-min active recovery at 20% of PPO) 2...
December 2024: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534131/effect-of-an-arsenic-mitigation-program-on-arsenic-exposure-in-american-indian-communities-a-cluster-randomized-controlled-trial-of-the-community-led-strong-heart-water-study-program
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christine Marie George, Tracy Zacher, Kelly Endres, Francine Richards, Lisa Bear Robe, David Harvey, Lyle G Best, Reno Red Cloud, Annabelle Black Bear, Leslie Skinner, Christa Cuny, Ana Rule, Kellogg J Schwab, Joel Gittelsohn, Ronald Alexander Glabonjat, Kathrin Schilling, Marcia O'Leary, Elizabeth D Thomas, Jason Umans, Jianhui Zhu, Lawrence H Moulton, Ana Navas-Acien
BACKGROUND: Chronic arsenic exposure has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease; diabetes; cancers of the lung, pancreas and prostate; and all-cause mortality in American Indian communities in the Strong Heart Study. OBJECTIVE: The Strong Heart Water Study (SHWS) designed and evaluated a multilevel, community-led arsenic mitigation program to reduce arsenic exposure among private well users in partnership with Northern Great Plains American Indian Nations...
March 2024: Environmental Health Perspectives
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534053/beyond-change-scores-employing-an-improved-statistical-approach-to-analyze-the-impact-of-entry-fitness-on-physical-performance-during-british-army-basic-training-in-men-and-women
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tessa D Maroni, Andrew G Siddall, Carla A Rue, Sarah C Needham-Beck, Faye S Walker, Julie P Greeves, Sophie L Wardle, Anne Fieldhouse, Stephen D Myers, Sam D Blacker
The aim was to use a robust statistical approach to examine whether physical fitness at entry influences performance changes between men and women undertaking British Army basic training (BT). Performance of 2 km run, seated medicine ball throw (MBT) and isometric mid-thigh pull (MTP) were assessed at entry and completion of Standard Entry (SE), Junior Entry-Short (JE-Short), and Junior Entry-Long (JE-Long) training for 2350 (272 women) recruits. Performance change was analyzed with entry performance as a covariate (ANCOVA), with an additional interaction term allowing different slopes for courses and genders (p < 0...
April 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533745/-the-design-and-acceptability-of-a-hip-hop-themed-integrated-nutrition-math-curriculum-for-minoritized-5th-grade-students-using-the-multisensory-multilevel-health-education-model
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ewelina M Swierad, John C Rausch, Vanessa Sawyer, Gabriela Drucker, Olajide Williams
Digital technology creates new opportunities to design multisensory learning experiences. Evidence suggests that digital innovation can greatly benefit health education, including nutrition programs. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the education sector, forcing schools to modify standard practices from exclusively in-person delivery to online or blended learning. Digitalized curriculums became particularly useful as an Emergency Remote Teaching tool. This article focuses on developing and implementing a multimedia, multisensory, and scalable Hip-Hop Healthy Eating and Living in Schools (H...
March 27, 2024: Health Promotion Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533641/mechanisms-underpinning-sympathoexcitation-in-hypoxia
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lydia L Simpson, Mike Stembridge, Christoph Siebenmann, Jonathan P Moore, Justin S Lawley
Sympathoexcitation is a hallmark of hypoxic exposure, occurring acutely, as well as persisting in acclimatised lowland populations and with generational exposure in highland native populations of the Andean and Tibetan plateaus. The mechanisms mediating altitude sympathoexcitation are multifactorial, involving alterations in both peripheral autonomic reflexes and central neural pathways, and are dependent on the duration of exposure. Initially, hypoxia-induced sympathoexcitation appears to be an adaptive response, primarily mediated by regulatory reflex mechanisms concerned with preserving systemic and cerebral tissue O2 delivery and maintaining arterial blood pressure...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533587/children-s-moral-evaluations-of-and-behaviors-toward-people-who-are-curious-about-religion-and-science
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ariel J Mosley, Cindel J M White, Larisa Heiphetz Solomon
Although children exhibit curiosity regarding science, questions remain regarding how children evaluate others' curiosity and whether evaluations differ across domains that prioritize faith (e.g., religion) versus those that value questioning (e.g., science). In Study 1 (n = 115 5- to 8-year-olds; 49% female; 66% White), children evaluated actors who were curious, ignorant and non-curious, or knowledgeable about religion or science; curiosity elicited relatively favorable moral evaluations (ds > ...
March 27, 2024: Child Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532926/combined-frequency-domain-near-infrared-spectroscopy-and-diffuse-correlation-spectroscopy-system-for-comprehensive-metabolic-monitoring-of-inspiratory-muscles-during-loading
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos A Gómez, Laurent Brochard, Ewan C Goligher, Dmitry Rozenberg, W Darlene Reid, Darren Roblyer
SIGNIFICANCE: Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a cornerstone technology in the intensive care unit as it assists with the delivery of oxygen in critically ill patients. The process of weaning patients from MV can be long and arduous and can lead to serious complications for many patients. Despite the known importance of inspiratory muscle function in the success of weaning, current clinical standards do not include direct monitoring of these muscles. AIM: The goal of this project was to develop and validate a combined frequency domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) and diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) system for the noninvasive characterization of inspiratory muscle response to a load...
March 2024: Journal of Biomedical Optics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532925/vector-based-feedback-of-continuous-wave-radiofrequency-compression-cavity-for-ultrafast-electron-diffraction
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thomas M Sutter, Joshua S H Lee, Atharva V Kulkarni, Pietro Musumeci, Anshul Kogar
The temporal resolution of ultrafast electron diffraction at weakly relativistic beam energies (<mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>≲</mml:mi></mml:math>100 keV) suffers from space-charge induced electron pulse broadening. We describe the implementation of a radio frequency (RF) cavity operating in the continuous wave regime to compress high repetition rate electron bunches from a 40.4 kV DC photoinjector for ultrafast electron diffraction applications...
March 2024: Structural Dynamics (Melville, N.Y.)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532831/active-transfer-learning-for-audiogram-estimation
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hossana Twinomurinzi, Herman Myburgh, Dennis L Barbour
Computational audiology (CA) has grown over the last few years with the improvement of computing power and the growth of machine learning (ML) models. There are today several audiogram databases which have been used to improve the accuracy of CA models as well as reduce testing time and diagnostic complexity. However, these CA models have mainly been trained on single populations. This study integrated contextual and prior knowledge from audiogram databases of multiple populations as informative priors to estimate audiograms more precisely using two mechanisms: (1) a mapping function drawn from feature-based homogeneous Transfer Learning (TL) also known as Domain Adaptation (DA) and (2) Active Learning (Uncertainty Sampling) using a stream-based query mechanism...
2024: Frontiers in digital health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532061/the-role-of-local-non-tetragonal-polar-displacements-in-the-temperature-and-pressure-induced-phase-transitions-in-pbtio-3-bimeo-3-ferroelectrics
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irina Margaritescu, Zenghui Liu, Zuo-Guang Ye, Boriana Mihailova
In situ high-pressure/high-temperature Raman-scattering analyses on PbTiO <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:math> , 0.92PbTiO <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow/> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo></mml:mrow> </mml:math> 0.08Bi(Zn <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531965/on-topological-indices-and-entropy-measures-of-beryllonitrene-network-via-logarithmic-regression-model
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guofeng Yu, Muhammad Kamran Siddiqui, Mazhar Hussain, Nazir Hussain, Zohaib Saddique, Fikre Bogale Petros
Chemical graph theory, a subfield of graph theory, is used to investigate chemical substances and their characteristics. Chemical graph analysis sheds light on the connection, symmetry, and reactivity of molecules. It supports chemical property prediction, research of molecular reactions, drug development, and understanding of molecular networks. A crucial part of computational chemistry is chemical graph theory, which helps researchers analyze and manipulate chemical structures using graph algorithms and mathematical models...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531931/a-new-ground-level-neutron-monitor-for-space-weather-assessment
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael D Aspinall, Tilly L Alton, Cory L Binnersley, Steven C Bradnam, Stephen Croft, Malcolm J Joyce, Dakalo Mashao, Lee W Packer, Tony Turner, James A Wild
We report on a new ground-level neutron monitor design for studying cosmic rays and fluxes of solar energetic particles at the Earth's surface. The first-of-its-kind instrument, named the NM-2023 after the year it was standardised and following convention, will be installed at a United Kingdom Meteorological Office observatory (expected completion mid 2024) and will reintroduce such monitoring in the UK for the first time since ca. 1984. Monte Carlo radiation transport code is used for the development and application of parameterised models to investigate alternative neutron detectors, their location and bulk material geometry in a realistic cosmic ray neutron field...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531913/conceptual-framework-for-tinnitus-a-cognitive-model-in-practice
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iman Ghodratitoostani, Zahra Vaziri, Milton Miranda Neto, Camila de Giacomo Carneiro Barros, Alexandre Cláudio Botazzo Delbem, Miguel Angelo Hyppolito, Hamid Jalilvand, Francisco Louzada, Joao Pereira Leite
Tinnitus is a conscious attended awareness perception of sourceless sound. Widespread theoretical and evidence-based neurofunctional and psychological models have tried to explain tinnitus-related distress considering the influence of psychological and cognitive factors. However, tinnitus models seem to be less focused on causality, thereby easily misleading interpretations. Also, they may be incapable of individualization. This study proposes a Conceptual Cognitive Framework (CCF) providing insight into cognitive mechanisms involved in the predisposition, precipitation, and perpetuation of tinnitus and consequent cognitive-emotional disturbances...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531879/topological-minibands-and-interaction-driven-quantum-anomalous-hall-state-in-topological-insulator-based-moir%C3%A3-heterostructures
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kaijie Yang, Zian Xu, Yanjie Feng, Frank Schindler, Yuanfeng Xu, Zhen Bi, B Andrei Bernevig, Peizhe Tang, Chao-Xing Liu
The presence of topological flat minibands in moiré materials provides an opportunity to explore the interplay between topology and correlation. In this work, we study moiré minibands in topological insulator films with two hybridized surface states under a moiré superlattice potential created by two-dimensional insulating materials. We show the lowest conduction (highest valence) Kramers' pair of minibands can be <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> non-trivial when the minima (maxima) of moiré potential approximately form a hexagonal lattice with six-fold rotation symmetry...
March 26, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531354/antibiotic-bone-cement-accelerates-diabetic-foot-wound-healing-elucidating-the-role-of-rock1-protein-expression
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chenglan Yang, Dali Wang
Clinical studies indicate antibiotic bone cement with propeller flaps improves diabetic foot wound repair and reduces amputation rates, but the molecular mechanisms, particularly key proteins' role remain largely unexplored. This study assessed the efficacy of antibiotic bone cement for treating diabetic foot wounds, focusing on molecular impact on ROCK1. Sixty patients were randomized into experimental (EXP, n = 40) and control (CON, n = 20) groups, treated with antibiotic bone cement and negative pressure...
April 2024: International Wound Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530575/a-novel-textile-based-uwb-patch-antenna-for-breast-cancer-imaging
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fawzia Abdien Ali Abdulla, Aşkin Demirkol
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women worldwide, and detecting cancer at an early stage increases the survival rate by 97%. In this study, a novel textile-based ultrawideband (UWB) microstrip patch antenna was designed and modeled to work in the 2-11.6 GHz frequency range and a simulation was used to test its performance in early breast cancer detection. The antenna was designed with an overall size of 31*31 mm <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msup><mml:mrow/> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup> </mml:math> using a denim substrate and 100% metal polyamide-based fabric with copper, silver, and nickel to provide comfort for the wearer...
March 26, 2024: Physical and engineering sciences in medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530501/3d-ultrasound-based-determination-of-skeletal-muscle-fascicle-orientations
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Annika S Sahrmann, Lukas Vosse, Tobias Siebert, Geoffrey G Handsfield, Oliver Röhrle
Architectural parameters of skeletal muscle such as pennation angle provide valuable information on muscle function, since they can be related to the muscle force generating capacity, fiber packing, and contraction velocity. In this paper, we introduce a 3D ultrasound-based workflow for determining 3D fascicle orientations of skeletal muscles. We used a custom-designed automated motor driven 3D ultrasound scanning system for obtaining 3D ultrasound images. From these, we applied a custom-developed multiscale-vessel enhancement filter-based fascicle detection algorithm and determined muscle volume and pennation angle...
March 26, 2024: Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529402/large-gap-asymptotics-on-annuli-in-the-random-normal-matrix-model
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christophe Charlier
We consider a two-dimensional determinantal point process arising in the random normal matrix model and which is a two-parameter generalization of the complex Ginibre point process. In this paper, we prove that the probability that no points lie on any number of annuli centered at 0 satisfies large n asymptotics of the form <DispFormula><mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mtable><mml:mtr><mml:mtd><mml:mrow><mml:mo>exp</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msup><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>log</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>n</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>5</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>log</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>C</mml:mi><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>F</mml:mi><mml:mi>n</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-</mml:mo><mml:mfrac><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mn>12</mml:mn></mml:mfrac></mml:mrow></mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mo>,</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mtd></mml:mtr></mml:mtable></mml:mrow></mml:math></DispFormula>where n is the number of points of the process...
2024: Mathematische Annalen
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