keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445848/impact-of-new-direct-acting-antiviral-therapy-on-the-prevalence-and-undiagnosed-proportion-of-chronic-hepatitis-c-infection
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farinaz Forouzannia, Abdullah Hamadeh, Ana Maria Passos-Castilho, Aysegul Erman, Amanda Yu, Zeny Feng, Naveed Z Janjua, Beate Sander, Christina Greenaway, William W L Wong
BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) can be cured with the new highly effective interferon-free combination treatments (DAA) that were approved in 2014. However, CHC is a largely silent disease, and many individuals are unaware of their infections until the late stages of the disease. The impact of wider access to effective treatments and improved awareness of the disease on the number of infections and the number of patients who remain undiagnosed is not known in Canada...
March 6, 2024: Liver International: Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444335/behavioural-consequences-of-intraspecific-variability-in-a-mate-recognition-signal
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maximilian Steurer, Joachim Ruther, Tamara Pokorny
Mate recognition is paramount for sexually reproducing animals, and many insects rely on cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) for close-range sexual communication. To ensure reliable mate recognition, intraspecific sex pheromone variability should be low. However, CHCs can be influenced by several factors, with the resulting variability potentially impacting sexual communication. While intraspecific CHC variability is a common phenomenon, the consequences thereof for mate recognition remain largely unknown. We investigated the effect of CHC variability on male responses in a parasitoid wasp showing a clear-cut within-population CHC polymorphism (three distinct female chemotypes, one thereof similar to male profiles)...
March 13, 2024: Proceedings. Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38434933/hepatitis-c-attributable-healthcare-costs-and-mortality-among-immigrants-a-population-based-matched-cohort-study
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aysegul Erman, Yeva Sahakyan, Karl Everett, Christina Greenaway, Naveed Janjua, Jeffrey C Kwong, William W L Wong, Hong Lu, Beate Sander
BACKGROUND: Data on the economic burden of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) among immigrants are limited. Our objective was to estimate the CHC-attributable mortality and healthcare costs among immigrants in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: We conducted a population-based matched cohort study among immigrants diagnosed with CHC between May 31, 2003, and December 31, 2018, using linked health administrative data. Immigrants with CHC (exposed) were matched 1 : 1 to immigrants without CHC (unexposed) using a combination of hard (index date, sex, and age) and propensity-score matching...
2024: Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433099/ynamide-and-azaalleneyl-acid-base-promoted-chelotropic-and-spin-state-rearrangements-in-a-versatile-heterocumulene-ad-ncc-tbu
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John B Russell, Mehrafshan G Jafari, Jun-Hyeong Kim, Bimal Pudasaini, Andrew Ozarowski, Joshua Telser, Mu-Hyun Baik, Daniel J Mindiola
We introduce the heterocumulene ligand [(Ad)NCC(tBu)]- (Ad = 1-adamantyl (C10H15), tBu = tert-butyl, (C4H9)), which can adopt two forms, the azaalleneyl and ynamide. This ligand platform can undergo a reversible chelotropic shift using Brønsted acid-base chemistry, which promotes an unprecedented spin-state change of the [VIII] ion. These unique scaffolds are prepared via addition of 1-adamantyl isonitrile (C≡NAd) across the alkylidyne in complexes [(BDI)V≡CtBu(OTf)] (A) (BDI- = ArNC(CH3)CHC(CH3)NAr), Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) and [(dBDI)V≡CtBu(OEt2)] (B) (dBDI2- = ArNC(CH3)CHC(CH2)NAr)...
March 3, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38429277/high-resolution-climate-change-observations-and-projections-for-the-evaluation-of-heat-related-extremes
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily Williams, Chris Funk, Pete Peterson, Cascade Tuholske
The Climate Hazards Center Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 climate projection dataset (CHC-CMIP6) was developed to support the analysis of climate-related hazards, including extreme humid heat and drought conditions, over the recent past and in the near-future. Global daily high resolution (0.05°) grids of the Climate Hazards InfraRed Temperature with Stations temperature product, the Climate Hazards InfraRed Precipitation with Stations precipitation product, and ERA5-derived relative humidity form the basis of the 1983-2016 historical record, from which daily Vapor Pressure Deficits (VPD) and maximum Wet Bulb Globe Temperatures (WBGTmax ) were derived...
March 1, 2024: Scientific Data
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428115/tumor-microenvironment-sensitization-via-dual-catalysis-of-carbon-based-nanoenzyme-for-enhanced-photodynamic-therapy
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuaipeng Feng, Yan Xiao, Junya Lu, Ziang Chen, Zhouyu Jiang, Qingqing Xu, Wei Gu, Siling Wang, Qinfu Zhao
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is limited in tumor therapy due to the mature antioxidant barrier of tumor microenvironment (TME) and phototoxicity/easy-degradation characteristics of photosensitizers. Therefore, we prepared Cu2+ -doped hollow carbon nanoparticles (CHC) to protect the loaded photosensitizers and sensitize TME by glutathione-depletion and peroxidase (POD)-like activity for enhanced PDT. CHC significantly increased the maximum speed of POD-like reaction (Vm ) of 8.4 times. By coating with hyaluronic acid (HA), the active sites on CHC were temporarily masked with low catalytic property, and restored in response to the overexpressed hyaluronidase in TME...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426780/perspectives-of-pregnant-women-on-maternal-health-information-handouts-at-kwazulu-natal-sub-district
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thandi M Dlamini, Siyabonga Dlamini
BACKGROUND: Maternal health information handouts are used by midwives to facilitate health education of pregnant women during their antenatal care (ANC) period. South Africa's Saving Mothers Report 2014 showed that delay in accessing medical help, as a patient-related avoidable factor, accounted for 27% of maternal and neonatal mortality. AIM: To ascertain the perceptions of pregnant women attending ANC in the Msunduzi sub-district in uMgungundlovu District, towards the maternal health information handouts...
February 29, 2024: African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415505/national-survey-of-physicians-in-swedish-child-health-centres-finds-insecurity-and-unawareness-regarding-management-of-undescended-testicles
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emma Hofko Lindkvist, Nilla Hallabro, Magnus Anderberg, Mette Hambraeus, Anna Börjesson, Martin Salö
AIM: To investigate underlying factors for previously reported shortcomings in child health centres' (CHC) referral process of boys with undescended testicles. METHODS: A total of 386 physicians working at Swedish CHCs were surveyed regarding their knowledge about undescended testicles and their clinical management. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors of non-adherence to guidelines and self-reported lack of clinical skills. RESULTS: The overall knowledge of the health benefits of undescended testicle surgery was high (89%), while two-thirds were unaware of surgery being recommended <1 year of age...
February 28, 2024: Acta Paediatrica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38412813/effects-of-anthocyanidins-on-the-conformational-transition-of-a%C3%AE-1-42-peptide-insights-from-molecular-docking-and-molecular-dynamics-simulations
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Norzalina Zakaria, Wan Muhammad Rahmat Syazuli Wan Harun, Muhammad Alif Mohammad Latif, Siti Nor Ani Azaman, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul Rahman, Nur Hana Faujan
Recent evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies has shown that anthocyanins and anthocyanidins can reduce and inhibit the amyloid beta (Aβ) species, one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, their inhibition mechanisms on Aβ species at molecular details remain elusive. Therefore, in the present study, molecular modelling methods were employed to investigate their inhibitory mechanisms on Aβ(1-42) peptide. The results highlighted that anthocyanidins effectively inhibited the conformational transitions of helices into beta-sheet (β-sheet) conformation within Aβ(1-42) peptide by two different mechanisms: 1) the obstruction of two terminals from coming into contact due to the binding of anthocyanidins with residues of N- and second hydrophobic core (SHC)-C-terminals, and 2) the prevention of the folding process due to the binding of anthocyanidin with the central polar (Asp23 and Lys28) and native helix (Asp23, Lys28, and Leu34) residues...
February 15, 2024: Journal of Molecular Graphics & Modelling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398507/catalytic-hydroconversion-of-model-compounds-over-ni-nio-nc-nanoparticles
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ting Liu, Yanxi Ma, Yakun Tang, Yue Zhang, Jingmei Liu, Xiaodong Zhou, Xiaohui Li, Lang Liu
The conversion of lignite into aromatic compounds by highly active catalysts is a key strategy for lignite valorization. In this study, Ni/NiO@NC nanocomposites with a high specific surface area and a vesicular structure were successfully prepared via a facile sol-gel method. The Ni/NiO@NC catalysts exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the catalytic hydroconversion (CHC) of benzyloxybenzene (as lignite-related modeling compounds) under mild conditions (120 °C, 1.5 MPa H2 , 60 min). The possible mechanism of the catalytic reaction was investigated by analyzing the type and content of CHC reaction products at different temperatures, pressures, and times...
February 6, 2024: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395512/addressing-health-inequity-and-mental-health-of-migrant-children-at-the-border-dr-joshua-d-feder-interviewing-dr-karina-anaya-at-refugee-health-alliance
#31
EDITORIAL
V Karina Anaya, Joshua D Feder
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 2024: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395511/supporting-the-mental-health-of-migrant-children-youth-and-families
#32
EDITORIAL
Margaret Cary, Joshua D Feder, Alison Monds Ward
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 2024: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395510/worcester-refugee-assistance-project-an-example-of-strengths-based-community-based-culturally-sensitive-care
#33
REVIEW
Emily Hochstetler, Omar Taweh, Anushay J Mistry, Peter Metz
Refugee populations are diverse and can present with a variety of unique and complex circumstances. The purpose of this article is to examine an organization that provides care to refugee youth, the ways in which this is accomplished, and a few of the challenges that have been faced. Specifically, the work of this organization will be examined using a Systems of Care philosophy to demonstrate how using these concepts can assist in providing sensitive, high-quality care.
April 2024: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395509/acculturating-systems-of-care-to-ensure-healthy-futures-for-latine-migrant-youth
#34
REVIEW
Leeallie Pearl Carter
Migration across the Americas is an ever-changing process with current trends including increased migration into the United States of Latine youth. Experiences before, during, and after migration can increase the risk of psychiatric illness, including discriminatory and exclusionary experiences when accessing care. Acculturation typically focuses on the process that the immigrant group experiences when coming into contact with a host culture. Members of the host culture and systems of care can take intentional steps to acculturate themselves in an integrative manner in an effort to reduce host-immigrant friction and better coordinate care across systems...
April 2024: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395508/moving-forward-in-mental-health-care-for-refugee-asylum-seeking-and-undocumented-children-social-determinants-phased-approach-to-care-and-advocacy
#35
REVIEW
Keven Lee, Rachel Kronick, Diana Miconi, Cécile Rousseau
Given the current political and climate crisis, the number of forcedly displaced individuals continues to rise, posing new challenges to host societies aiming to support and respond to the needs of those fleeing war or persecution. In this article, we turn our attention to current and historical sociopolitical contexts influencing the mental health of forcedly displaced children (ie, refugee, asylum-seeking, and undocumented) during their resettlement in high-income countries, proposing timely ways to respond to evolving needs and recommendations to redress ubiquitous structural inequities that act as barriers to education and care for the children, youth, and families seeking sanctuary...
April 2024: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395507/management-of-psychiatric-emergencies-among-migrant-youth-in-institutional-and-community-settings
#36
REVIEW
Linda Chokroverty
Migrant youth commonly access mental health care for the first time during emergencies, rather than through ambulatory means. Suicidal behaviors may occur more often among migrants than nonmigrant youth, and they may suffer from post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and display disruptive behaviors more frequently than their nonmigrant counterparts. Brief emergency interventions include safety planning, psychoeducation, parent training on communication and establishing routines, and behavioral therapies like activity scheduling and sleep hygiene...
April 2024: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395506/posttraumatic-stress-disorder-in-our-migrant-youth
#37
REVIEW
Vanessa C D'Souza
There is an ongoing diagnostic and treatment challenge for migrant youth with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that many clinicians face. Current studies have helped clinicians to develop a better understanding of the migrant youth's journey including potentially traumatic and adverse events they encounter. This includes determining if premigration, migration, and postmigration stressors have had an impact on the individual. This has also helped clinicians, educators, and legal advocates to use a collaborative approach to address the migrant youth's needs for managing the severity of PTSD symptoms...
April 2024: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395505/trauma-exposure-in-migrant-children-impact-on-sleep-and-acute-treatment-interventions
#38
REVIEW
Beverly J Bryant
Trauma exposure significantly impacts sleep in children. Nightmares are common. Evidence-based therapies are superior to medications but may not always be available in acute settings. No FDA-approved medications exist for the treatment of trauma-related sleep disturbances in youth. The evidence-base for the use of medications is largely based on case reports, retrospective chart reviews, clinical opinion, and adult studies. This evidence is reviewed for a number of medications, including prazosin, trazodone, alpha-2 agonists, quetiapine, and others...
April 2024: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395504/trauma-informed-best-practices-and-resiliency
#39
REVIEW
Jeanette M Scheid
Children who experience fleeing from their home countries, whether with family members or unaccompanied, almost certainly experience trauma. The response of caring systems should remain grounded in the known principles of trauma-informed care, an understanding of best practices based on evidence-based and informed interventions and the developmental process. In addition, care providers should be working to maximize the safety of the environment in which they are interacting with children and youth and considering the style, approach, and content of interaction to balance the purpose of any interaction with the safety and security needs of each child or youth...
April 2024: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395503/advocacy-and-policy-a-focus-on-migrant-youth
#40
REVIEW
Abishek Bala, Jessica Pierce, Karen Pierce, Suzan Song
Mental health challenges experienced by migrant children are shaped by multiple factors within the health care system and society at large. It is essential for health care providers to recognize the profound impact of these influences on child well-being. By actively engaging in advocacy and policy initiatives, health care providers can address structural barriers, social inequalities, and stigma that perpetuate mental health disparities. Through their advocacy efforts, providers can contribute to creating an inclusive society that upholds children's rights and ensures equitable access to mental health support and services...
April 2024: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
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