Salivary gland neoplasm

BACKGROUND: Basal cell predominant salivary gland neoplasms can be difficult to separate histologically. One of the most aggressive of basaloid salivary gland neoplasms is adenoid cystic carcinoma. MYB expression by immunohistochemistry has been documented in adenoid cystic carcinoma. Some investigators have suggested that using this expression can help in the establishing the diagnosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma. Utilizing tissue microarrays, we studied a group of basal cell adenocarcinomas and basal cell adenomas to determine: 1) if either tumor expressed MYB, and 2) the frequency of any expression in either...

The proper ablation of any neoplasm of the head and neck requires the inclusion of linear and anatomic barrier margins surrounding the neoplasm. Extirpative surgery of the major and minor salivary glands is certainly no exception to this surgical principle. To this end, the selection and execution of the most appropriate ablative surgical procedure for a major or minor benign salivary gland neoplasm is an essential exercise in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Of equal importance is the intraoperative identification and preservation of the pseudocapsule surrounding the benign neoplasm...

Myoepithelial cells possess dual immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features of smooth muscle cells and epithelial cells and are capable of divergent differentiation (1). As such, benign and malignant tumors of myoepithelial cells show a spectrum of morphologies and have been reported in a variety of anatomic locations, including but not limited to, the breast, larynx, soft tissues, salivary glands and more recently the skin (2-6).

OBJECTIVES: To depict the CT and MR imaging characteristics of salivary gland lymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC) and provide more diagnostic information for this malignancy. METHODS: One hundred and three salivary gland LEC subjects were retrospectively reviewed. The subjects include 35 males with a mean age of 40.8 years and 68 females with a mean age of 49.4 years. Of 103 subjects, 86 subjects were in the parotid gland, five in the submandibular gland, one in the sublingual gland, three in the cheek, and eight in the palate...

INTRODUCTION: The use of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology for the preoperative evaluation of salivary gland lesions is an accepted but, currently, nonstandardized practice. More specifically, cystic major salivary gland lesions are relatively rare and can be very challenging to diagnose on FNA due to low cellularity and an incredibly broad differential diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic utility of preoperative FNA cytology for cystic major salivary gland lesions...

Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of salivary gland origin. However, its morphologic heterogeneity poses difficulty in interpretation. In the present series we discuss the morphologic features of MEC, limitations and pitfalls in its diagnosis on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC). Fourteen cases of suspected MEC were evaluated cytologically followed by histopathological examination for confirmation. A definite cytological diagnosis was rendered in nine cases; three of the remaining five were underdiagnosed as abscess, pleomorphic adenoma and mucus cyst...

Acinic cell carcinoma is a rare tumour comprising 1%-3% of all salivary gland neoplasms. Acinic Cell Carcinoma Papillary Cystic Variant (ACC-PCV) is a distinct subtype and shows variegated appearance on cytology. It is important to differentiate it from other malignant lesions because of its poor prognosis. We describe a case of 20-year-old female with swelling on left cheek for the last four months. Fine needle aspiration was done and diagnosed as intermediate grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma on cytology. Histological study of the resected tumour showed features of ACC-PCV...

Primary epithelial tumours of the salivary glands are very rare in paediatric patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical course, treatment, and outcomes of these uncommon neoplasms based on the authors' experience and the recent literature. The medical charts of 12 female patients and seven male patients with primary epithelial salivary gland tumours were reviewed. All were under 19 years of age and underwent surgical treatment between 1994 and 2016. The results of this group of paediatric patients were compared with those of 621 adult patients...

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is a well differentiated malignant neoplasm, which originates from the salivary glands. The primary pulmonary manifestation is rare-about 30 cases have been reported worldwide. In the literature, anatomical resection has been described as the standard surgical approach. In the presented case, a wedge resection was performed, with no evidence for tumor relapse in the follow-up reevaluation after 24 months. This is the first case report of a primary pulmonary epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma that has been treated with a non-anatomical wedge resection and lymph node dissection as a curative approach...

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the head and neck are a rare group of heterogeneous epithelial neoplastic proliferations arising in virtually all of the different organs of this region, particularly in the nasal cavity, the paranasal sinuses, the nasopharynx, the larynx, the salivary glands, and the middle ear. They encompass a wide spectrum of entities ranging from very indolent neuroendocrine tumors to highly aggressive neuroendocrine carcinomas. They may represent a challenge for radiologists, oncologists, and pathologists and a correct diagnosis is crucial for the management of patients...

Salivary glands may give rise to a wide spectrum of different tumors. This review concentrates on 4 salivary gland tumors that have been accepted in the recent literature as new neoplastic entities: mammary analog secretory carcinoma, cribriform adenocarcinoma of minor salivary glands (CASG), sclerosing polycystic adenosis/adenoma (SPA), and the mucinous/secretory variant of myoepithelioma. Mammary analog secretory carcinoma is a distinctive low-grade malignant salivary cancer that harbors a characteristic chromosomal translocation, t(12;15) (p13;q25), resulting in an ETV6-NTRK3 fusion...

Salivary gland tumors and tumor-like lesions in the pediatric population are uncommon. They comprise a heterogeneous group of infectious/inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Pediatric salivary neoplasms include benign tumors of mesenchymal or epithelial origin as well as malignancies of epithelial (carcinomas), mesenchymal (sarcoma) or hematolymphoid (lymphoma) derivation. Infectious/inflammatory conditions and hematolymphoid malignancies may represent either genuine parenchymal pathology or conditions involving intraglandular lymph nodes of the parotid glands (intraglandular lymphadenopathy and intraglandular nodal lymphomas)...

Low grade carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (LG CXPA) is a rare low grade malignant neoplasm arising from preexisting pleomorphic adenoma (PA). LG CXPA demonstrates no overt cytological atypia, and can be difficult to distinguish from cellular PA. Invasive growth is one of the hallmarks of LG CXPA, e.g., tumor extends beyond the capsule and into adjacent non-neoplastic tissue. However, it is known that capsular and vascular invasion, as well as the presence of stroma-rich PA in soft tissue without a capsule (pseudopodia) can be seen in PA...

BACKGROUND: Myoepitheliomas account for less than 1% of salivary gland tumors. They mostly affect the parotid glands of adults during the third to fifth decades. CASE PRESENTATION: A 10-year-old Indian boy reported a small swelling in the roof of his mouth of 10 days' duration. History revealed that the lesion was painless and not associated with bleeding or pus discharge. On examination, a purplish well-circumscribed growth was noted on his posterior hard palate...

Basal cell adenoma is a rare benign salivary gland neoplasm exhibiting an isomorphic basaloid tumour cell pattern, commonly occurring in the parotid. Membranous variant warrants separate consideration because of its recurrence and rate of malignant transformation. We report a case of membranous type basal cell adenoma occurring in minor salivary gland in a 61-year-old female patient. The histopathological diagnosis was supported by immunohistochemical analysis and serum Carcinoembryonic antigen level.

Carcinosarcoma of the parotid gland, a true malignant mixed tumour is extremely rare. It may occur in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma or arise de novo. We report a case of carcinosarcoma de novo harbouring an osteosarcomatous element in a 35-year-old man along with review of the reported cases. Excision was done and histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis. Long term follow up has been recommended for these tumours owing to their high propensity of recurrence and metastasis. Our case discusses the importance of histopathology and limitation of preoperative imaging in the diagnosis of such an aggressive neoplasm; emphasizing the fact that possibility of carcinosarcoma should be kept in mind while dealing with salivary gland lesions even at a younger age...

Lymphoepithelial carcinoma is a variant of undifferentiated carcinoma with characteristic dense lymphoid stroma in which nasopharynx is site of predilection. Racial and geographic association and Epstein-Barr virus positivity in endemic areas are other characteristics of this rare neoplasm. Lymphoepithelial carcinoma accounts for only 0.4% of malignant salivary gland tumors. The authors present a patient with Epstein-Barr virus positive lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland in a nonendemic region...

There are no established protocols for the optimum surgical margin required for salivary gland malignancies. Factors including histologic diagnosis and TNM stage have been shown to be important in prognosis and survival outcome and mandate special consideration of margin size. Salivary cancers are treated differently at different anatomic sites, and different histologic types show a propensity for major or minor glands. Low-grade malignancies are treated with soft tissue margins of 1 cm or less. The facial nerve is preserved unless infiltrated and encased...

AIM: Epidemiological and clinical analysis of lymphoid tissue neoplasms in the neck region over a 15-year period. MATERIAL: There was performed retrospective analysis of 97 patients, aged 17 to 88 years, mean age of 60.3 years. The analysis included data from subjective study, physical examination, image and histopathological studies Results: Almost all cases were lymphoid neoplasms - 95 patients (98%). B cell lymphoma was the most commonly diagnosed lymphoma - 74 cases (76%), followed by Hodgkin's lymphoma- 19 cases (20%)...

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare, slow-growing neoplasm. It is most commonly located in the salivary glands, affects people older than 55 years of age, and has a predilection for women. These lesions may recur locally but have shown low metastatic potential. We present the unique case of a 71-year-old female with a nonraised hyperpigmented lesion isolated to the right heel. Confusion surrounded the clinical presentation of this dermatologic lesion, and many physicians postulated several differential diagnoses...